Cranial anatomy Flashcards
What passes through the cribriform plate?
Olfactory nerves
What passes through optic canal?
Optic nerve
Opthalmic artery
What passes through superior orbital fissure?
Oculomotor nerve (superior and inferior divisions) Trochlear nerve Abducens nerve Frontal nerve (branch of opthalmic branch of trigeminal) Lacrimal nerve Nasocillary nerve Opthalmic veins (superior and inferior) Recurrent branch of ophthalmic artery
What passes through foramen rotundum?
Maxillary branch of trigeminal (V2)
What passes through foramen ovale?
Mandibular branch of trigeminal (V3)
What passes through foramen spinosum?
Middle meningeal artery
What passes through foramen lacerum?
Cartilage filled, crossed by internal carotid
What passes through carotid canal?
Internal carotid
What passes through internal acoustic meatus?
Facial, vestibulocochlear, labyrinthine artery
What passes through jugular foramen?
Glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, inferior petrosal sinus and sigmoid sinus
What passes through hypoglossal foramen?
Hypoglossal nerve
What passes through foramen magnum
Medulla Vertebral arteries Accessory nerve (upwards) Spinal arteries Meninges
Branches of facial nerve?
Motor: 5 branches - temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical
Sensory: chorda tympani branch - taste of anterior 2/3rds of tongue
PNS fibres: sublingual, submandibular, lacrimal
Talk through the branches of the trigeminal
V1: Opthalmic, passes through SOF. Sensory to forehead and nasal cavity
V2: maxillary, foramen rotundum, sensory to cheek, upper lip, teeth and nasal cavity
V3: mandibular, exits via foramen ovale to mandibular foramen to mental foramen. Motor to jaw muscles (masseter, temporalis, pterygoids, diagastric), sensory to chin and tongue
What passes through inferior orbital fissure?
Infraorbital nerve and vessels
Zygomatic nerve
Bones of the ear?
Malleus, incus and stapes
What are the muscles of the ear?
Tensor tympani: tendon attaches to malleus. Innervated by V3. Constant contraction causes tinnitus
Stapedius: attaches to stapes. Innervated by facial nerve
What are the two types of deafness?
Conduction deafness - blockage of sound (temporary)
Sensorineural deafness - problem with hair cells
Contents of the anterior triangle of the neck
Neurovascular: - common carotid - internal jugular - vagus Muscles: - Suprahyoid - Infrahyoid Hyoid bone Oesophagus Trachea Thyroid Parathyroid Pharynx and larynx
