Cram Flashcards
6 social influences on health:
- Employment
- Ethnicity
- Financial security
- Gender
- Housing
- Health system
- Social class
Define culture:
Complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, morals etc
What % of deaths are due to behaviour?
40%
Self efficacy:
Belief in one’s own ability to change
What does motivation depend on?
Seeing the value of change and having faith in your ability to make the change
State 5 types of hazard:
- Mechanical
- Psychological
- Biological
- Physical
- Chemical
Define susceptibility:
- Influences the likelihood that something will cause harm
Routes of hazard exposure:
- Ingested
- Inhalation
- Blood/sexual
- Skin
How can ill health be defined:
Failure to adapt to the environment
Factors that influence the degree of risk: (3)
- How much a person is exposed
- How the person is exposed
- Conditions of exposure
3 principles that govern the perception of risk:
- Familiarity with the risk (e.g food poisoning vs nuclear plant accident)
- Size of possible harm (e.g chip pan fire vs tornado)
- FEELING IN CONTROL (e.g car ride vs plane ride)
SMART goals?
- Specific
- Measurable
- Achievable
- Realistic
- Timely
Neighbour’s approach to a consultation:
- Connect with the patient
- Summarise and verbally check that the reason for attendance is clear
- Hand over and bring the consultation to a close
- Ensure that a SAFETY net exists in that no serious possibilities have been missed out
- Deal with the housekeeping of recovery and reflection (e.g pausing to reflect before next patient comes in)
Hypothetico-deductive reasoning:
Some causes are more probable than others. Whilst it is therefore efficient to bear the common causes uppermost in our minds, at the back of our minds we also have to hold the important, although rare, possibilities. Some of these may have to be positively excluded even although they are unlikely.
Some pieces of information are more valuable than others. In fact often a very few pieces of information are crucial, whilst other information adds relatively little to the solution of the problem.
An example of the hypothetic-deductive process:
- Maybe 4 or 5 diagnostic hypotheses
- Rare but immediately concerning diagnoses excluded at this stage
- Strengthen case for diagnoses through brief history and examination
- Extend the search thereafter if no diagnosis identified
- Not about common diagnoses, rather about likely diagnoses
