cpu Flashcards
What is the ACC?
Accumulator
Stores the result of calculations from the ALU
What is the CIR?
Current Instruction Register
Stores the address of the instruction or data to be fetched
What is the PC?
Program Counter
Stores the instruction currently being executed
What is the MDR?
Memory Data Register
Stores data read from or being written to the RAM
What is RISC?
Reduced Instruction Set Computer
This microprocessor has a smaller amount of instructions than CISC.
What is CISC?
Complex Instruction Set Computer
This microprocessor has a larger amount of instructions
What are the advantages of CISC?
More intensive task will perform better.
It is easier to use when programming as the instructions are more complex than the RISC microprocessor.
What are the advantages of RISC?
Can support pipelining.
Has simpler hardware.
Lower energy requirements, and can go into ‘Sleep mode’ when not actively processing.
Smaller in size as less complex circuitry required, less silicon needed, thus cheaper.
What are the disadvantages of CISC?
Can’t support pipelining.
Has more complex hardware.
Greater energy consumption.
Physically larger in size and requires more silicon to make, thus more expensive.
What are the disadvantages of RISC?
Harder to for programmers to use.
What is RAM?
Program and data being run is are temporary stored here.
It is random because it can access any location with equal speeds.
It is volatile.
What is ROM?
Can be read but not written to.
Stores the program to boot up the computer.
It is non- volatile.
What is Cache?
Small, expensive memory that can be built into the CPU.
What is register?
High speed memory within the CPU that stores data that is being processed.
What are the 3 types of secondary storage?
Made up of magnetic, optical or flash.
