CPU

Question 1

What is the Hardware

Answer 1

The physical components that make up a computer.

Question 2

What is the software

Answer 2

Programs or applications that a computer system can run

Question 3

What is an embedded system

Answer 3

Computers built into other devices with the intent of completing a special purpose

Question 4

Three devices that have embedded systems

Answer 4

Microwave , Dishwasher , Washing machine

Question 5

Differences between general purpose systems and embedded systems

Answer 5

Embedded systems are easier to design, cheaper to produce and more efficient at their task than a general purpose computer.

Question 6

Physical components of the PC and their functions

Answer 6

Power supply - supplies power
case cooling fan- extracts hot air from PC case
CPU cooling fan - keeps CPU at a steady temperature.
CPU - Most important component, does all processing.
Optical drive - To read/write optical discs
Ram sticks - used for memory
Motherboard - Main circuit board in the computer , where the hardware is connected.
Hard disk drive - Internal secondary storage

Question 7

Function of the CPU

Answer 7

Processes all data and instructions that make the systems work.

Question 8

Function of control unit

Answer 8

• Has overall control of the CPU
• Main job is to manage Fetch - execute cycle
• Controls flow of data inside the cpu and outside the cpu

Question 9

Function of Arithmetic Logic Unit

Answer 9

• Does all logic operations , arithmetic calculations and Binary shifts.

Question 10

Function of Cache

Answer 10

• Very fast memory in the CPU.
  -Stores regularly used data so that the CPU can access it quickly when requested.

Question 11

Function of CU in FDE cycle

Answer 11

Holds next memory address for next instruction

Question 12

Function of Acccumulator in FDE cycle

Answer 12

Stores results of calculations in the ALU

Question 13

function of MAR ( memory address register) in FDE cycle

Answer 13

Holds any memory address about to be used by the CPU

Question 14

Function of MDR ( memory data register )
in FDE cycle

Answer 14

Holds the instruction/data. May have been fetched from memory or waiting to be written to memory

Question 15

Describe what happens in the fetch part of the FDE cycle. 3 steps

Answer 15

1. Memory address from the program counter to the MAR
2. Copy instruction stored in MAR to MDR
3. Increment program counter to the point of next instruction address

Question 16

Describe what happens in the decode part of the FDE cycle. 2 steps

Answer 16

1. CU decodes instruction in the MDR
2. CU prepares for next step

Question 17

Describe what happens in the execute part of the FDE cycle. 1 step

Answer 17

Instruction is performed by the CPU whether a calculation is performed in ALU , data is written to memory or loaded from memory or halting the entire program.