Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CPTP 2 > CPTP 2.9 ANS 2 > Flashcards

CPTP 2.9 ANS 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What happens to adrenergic neurotransmitters after they are released?

A

The signal at the postjunctional effector site is rapidly terminated, because NE is either converted to inactive metabolites or is taken up by the neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe adrenergic receptor

A
  • Respond to epinephrine, NE and dopamine
  • Located in effector organs/ tissues of sympathetic system
  • G-protein coupled receptors
  • Slow (seconds) responses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Type of G-protein and its action in response to alpha 1 adrenoreceptor

A

Gq

Activates PLC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Type of G-protein and its action in response to alpha 2 adrenoreceptor

A

Gi

Inhibit adenylyl cyclase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Type of G-protein and its action in response to beta adrenoreceptors

A

Gs

Stimulate adenylyl cylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the major effects mediated by A1 receptors?

A

PLC activated -> increased production of DAG and IP3 -> increase in calcium influx

  • vasoconstriction (major effect)
  • increased peripheral resistance
  • increased BP
  • relaxation of GI smooth muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the major effects mediated by A2 receptors?

A

inhibition of adenylyl cyclase -> decreased production of cAMP -> inhibition of further release of NE from the neuron

  • inhibition of NE release
  • inhibition of ACh release
  • inhibition of insulin release
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the major effects mediated by B1 receptors?

A
  • increase HR (major effect)
  • increased myocardial contractility (major effect)
  • increased lipolysis
  • increased release of renin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the major effects mediated by B2 receptors?

A
  • bronchodilation (major effect)
  • vasodilation
  • decreased peripheral resistance
  • hepatic and muscle glycogeolysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which one has higher affinity to each adrenoreceptor, NE or E?

A

A1 - NE
A2 - E
B1 - NE
B2 - E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the agonists that tend to act on each adrenoreceptor

A

A1 - phenylephrine
A2 - clonidine
B1 - Dobutamine
B2 - Salbutamol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Therapeutic uses of sympathomimetics (adrenergic agonist)

  • cardiac arrest
  • cardiogenic shock
  • anaphylaxis
  • asthma
  • nasal decongestion
  • increase duration of action of local anaesthetic
  • premature labour
  • hypertension, migraine
A

cardiac arrest - epinephrine (IV)
cardiogenic shock - dobutamine to increase myocardial contractility
anaphylaxis - epinephrine for bronchodilation and vasodilation
asthma - salbutamol for bronchodilation
nasal decongestion - phenylephrine
increase duration of action of local anaesthetic - epinephrine
premature labour - salbutamol (B2 receptors present in wall of uterus)
hypertension, migraine - clonidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name the adrenergic antagonists that act on each adrenoreceptor

A

A1 - Phenoxybenzamine, Doxazosin
A2 - Phenoxybenzamine
B1 - Propranolol, Bisopraolol
B2 - Propranolol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Clinical uses of alpha adrenergic antagonist in hypertension

A

Hypertension - A1 antagonist doxazosin causes vasodilation

Phaeochromocytoma - nonselective alpha antagonist phenoxybenzamine causes irreversible blockade of adrenoreceptors

Benign prostatic hyper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Clinical uses of alpha adrenergic antagonist in phaeochromocytoma

A

non-selective alpha antagonist phenoxybenzamine causes irreversible blockade of adrenoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Clinical uses of alpha adrenergic antagonist in benign prostatic hypertrophy

A

A1 antagonists relax SM and inhibit hypertrophy

doxazosin (originally phenoxybenzamine)

17
Q

Are beta blockers competitive or noncompetitive?

A

Competitive

18
Q

What are non-selective beta blockers antagonists?

A

propranolol and timolol

19
Q

What are cardioselective beta antagonist and where do they primarily act on, B1 or B2?

A

bisoprolol and atenolol primarily block B1 receptors

20
Q

How are cardioselective B blockers used clinically?

A

Primarily used as anti-hypertensive drugs - CO and renin secretion reduced

At rest cause little change in HR, BP and CO but decrease effects of exercise

21
Q

How are nonselective B blockers used clinically?

A

Hyperthyroidism
propranolol
effective in blunting the widespread sympathetic stimulation that occurs in hyperthyroidism

Glaucoma
Timolol
reduce secretion of aqueous humor

22
Q

Use of B blockers to treat angina

A

propranolol and bisoprolol

decrease oxygen requirement of heart muscle therefore reduces chest pain on exertion

23
Q

Use of B blockers to treat MI

A

atenolol
has a protective effect on the myocardium.
Prophylactic and post MI use

24
Q

Side effects of non selective B blockers

A

fatigue
bronchoconstriction
sexual dysfunction
arrhythmias

CPTP 2 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions