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CPT I > CPT I - PRACTICAL 1 > Flashcards

CPT I - PRACTICAL 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What bone and lung anatomy correlates with T3?

A

Spine of scapula

Oblique fissure

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2
Q

What scapula and rib anatomy correlates with T7?

A

Inferior angle of scapula

Rib 8 directly across

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3
Q

What rib attaches to sternal angle? What segment of the lung?

A

Rib 2

Anterior segment of upper lobes

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4
Q

What is the costophrenic angle?

A

Inferior angle of thorax formed by costal cartilages of ribs

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5
Q

SCM innervation?

A

Accessory nerve (CN XI)

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6
Q

Scalenes innervation?

A

C4-C8

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7
Q

Upper traps innervation?

A

Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)

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8
Q

Abs innervation?

A

T5-L1

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9
Q

Where does the oblique fissure start and end?

A

Spinous process of T3

6th costochondral at midclavicular line

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10
Q

Where does horizontal fissure start and end?

A

Oblique fissure at midaxillary line

4th costochondral at sternum

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11
Q

Where does the cardiac notch start and end?

A

4th costochondral at sternum

6th rib at midclavicular line

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12
Q

What kind of valve is Aortic? Where do you listen to it? What parts of the heart does it separate?

A

AV valve is semilunar

At R sternal border, 2nd IC space

Left ventricle –> aorta

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13
Q

What kind of valve is Pulmonic? Where do you listen to it? What parts of the heart does it separate?

A

PV valve is semilunar

At L sternal border, 2nd IC space

Right ventricle –> pulmonary artery

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14
Q

What kind of valve is Tricuspid? Where do you listen to it? What parts of the heart does it separate?

A

TV valve is atrioventricular

At L sternal border, 5th IC space

Right atrium –> ventricle

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15
Q

What kind of valve is Mitral? Where do you listen to it? What parts of the heart does it separate?

A

MV valve is atrioventricular

At midclavicular line, 5th IC space

Left atrium –> ventricle

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16
Q

What is S1? Where is it best heard?

A

Closure of AV valves
Start of systole

Best heard at mitral valve

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17
Q

What is S2? Where is it best heard?

A

Closure of the SL valves
Start of diastole

Best heard at aortic valve

18
Q

What is S3? Clinical indication?

A

Ventricular gallop occurring right before diastole (lub-dub-dub)

Indicates CHF

Poor ventricular compliance, turbulent flow in early diastole

19
Q

What is S4? Clinical indication?

A

Atrial gallop occurring right before systole (la-lub-dub)

Indicates many cardio or pulmonary disorders; may be normal in children/young adults

Exaggerated atrial contraction, turbulent flow in late diastole

20
Q

What is the normal sequence of breathing (3 parts)

A

Abdominal rise
Lateral costal expansion
Upper chest expansion

21
Q

Which is longer: inhalation or exhalation?

A

Inhalation

22
Q

What is jugular venous distention a sign of?

A

Right-sided heart failure

23
Q

What is bilateral lower extremity edema a sign of?

A

Right-sided heart failure

24
Q

What is unilateral LE edema a sign of?

A

DVT or blockage of lymphatic system

25
Q

What part of the stethoscope do you use for heart sounds? For lung sounds?

A

Heart: diaphragm (s1-2) and bell (s3-4)

Lung: diaphragm

26
Q

Where are murmurs heard best?

A

Loudest at affected valve

27
Q

What are the 3 normal sounds of ventilation?

A

Tracheal/bronchial
Bronchovesicular
Vesicular

28
Q

What is a wheeze?

A

High pitch - narrowing of airways, especially on inhalation typically

29
Q

What is a crackle?

A

Bubbles/popping - fluid or secretions, airway opening

30
Q

What is pleural rub?

A

Grating/friction - inflammation, pleura rubbing together

31
Q

What is bronchophony?

A

Alveoli filled with fluid or replaced by soft tissue

32
Q

What is egophony?

A

Bleating sound often by lung consolidation and fibrosis

33
Q

What is whispered pectoriloquy?

A

Increased loudness of whispering

34
Q

Where do you test upper chest expansion symmetry?

A

thumbs at sternal notch (jugular notch)

35
Q

Where do you test diaphragmatic expansion symmetry?

A

thumbs at xiphoid process

36
Q

Where do you test lateral costal expansion symmetry?

A

thumbs inside inferior angle (cup the angle with thumb and index)

37
Q

How do you test tactile fremitus?

A

Patient says 99 while placing hands in chest symmetry test positions.

38
Q

Where do you measure chest expansion?

A

Axillary folds
Xiphoid
Midway between xiphoid and umbilicus

39
Q

How do you test Rubor of Dependency?

A

Patient in dependent position
Observe vein quality, color, capillary refill, temperature
Lay patient supine, elevate leg to 45 deg (30 sec)
Note paleness in foot
Sit patient back up and note color in foot

Arterial insufficiency if

  • Takes 30 seconds to get back to normal color
  • Foot rebounds with deep rubor
40
Q

How do you test Venous filling time?

A

Positioning the same for Rubor of Dependency
Choose a specific vein to observe
Start in dependent  supine leg elevated  dependent
Count with watch time it takes veins to reappear

Normal time for veins to reappear: 10-15 sec

41
Q

How do you test Homan’s sign?

A

Supine or long sitting
Squeeze under gastroc and DF ball of foot
Positive = pain

Not best test; can be other causes of pain
S/S: swelling, warmth, localized calf pain, redness

CPT I (4 decks)

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