Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

CPT Final > CPT Final Exam > Flashcards

CPT Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is Personal Training?

A

Educates and trains clients in the performance of safe and appropriate exercises to effectively lead them to optimal health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are potential workplaces for Personal Trainers?

A
  • Health clubs
  • Physical therapy clinics
  • Wellness centers
  • Hospitals
  • Rehab
  • Private studios
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What knowledge areas should a Personal Trainer be familiar with?

A
  • Programming
  • Physiology
  • Anatomy & biomechanics
  • Fitness assessments
  • Chronic disease
  • Emergency and safety protocol
  • Psycho and physico
  • Human behavior and motivations
  • Training effect
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does RHR stand for?

A

Resting heart rate or basal heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does BP stand for in the context of health?

A

Blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is hypertension?

A

High BP over 140/90 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some variables associated with increased risk of diabetes?

A
  • Obesity
  • Abnormal or excessive accumulation of body fat
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some benefits of exercise?

A
  • Reduced death rates
  • Reduced risk of allergies
  • Improved cardiovascular health
  • Lower risk of heart disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the role of HDL and LDL in cholesterol?

A
  • HDL: good cholesterol
  • LDL: bad cholesterol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the significance of motivation in exercise?

A

Direction of effort and intensity of effort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is intrinsic motivation?

A

Motivation based on oneself, such as weight management and overall health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is extrinsic motivation?

A

Motivation from outside oneself, such as money or fame

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does self-determination theory emphasize?

A

Intrinsic motivation based on autonomy, competence, and relatedness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is autonomy in the context of self-determination theory?

A

Self-governing; trainers help teach but allow clients to change as needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the OARS model stand for?

A
  • Open-ended questions
  • Affirmations
  • Reflective listening
  • Summarizing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is motivational interviewing?

A

A collaborative, client-focused method of guiding a client toward self-identified motivation for change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is rapport?

A

A close, harmonious relationship in which all parties involved understand one another’s feelings and communicate well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the process of goal setting in training?

A

Small goals throughout the training time frame leading to a planned outcome goal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a SMART goal?

A

A goal that is Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the CDC recommendations for physical activity for ages 6-17?

A

60+ minutes of moderate intensity daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the basic organizational levels of the human body?

A
  • Atoms
  • Molecules
  • Organelles
  • Cells
  • Tissues
  • Organs
  • Organ systems
  • Organism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the types of muscle tissue?

A
  • Cardiac
  • Smooth
  • Skeletal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the sliding-filament theory?

A

Contractions pull myosin head across actin filament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the types of muscle fibers?

A
  • Slow twitch (Type 1)
  • Fast twitch (Type 2a)
  • Fast twitch (Type 2x)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What does the size principle refer to?
The recruitment of motor units based on the force needed for muscle contractions
26
What are the classifications of joints?
* Fibrous * Cartilaginous * Synovial
27
What is the primary function of ligaments?
Attach bones together and provide passive stability
28
What does Wolff's law state?
Bone adaptations occur as a result of the loads placed on them
29
What is myositis ossificans?
Bone tissue forms within a muscle or other soft tissue as a result of trauma or injury
30
What is the role of the Golgi Tendon Organ?
Detects changes in muscle tension and helps regulate movement
31
What is the circuit that allows activation of a muscle to occur with simultaneous inhibition of its antagonist?
Reciprocal inhibition ## Footnote This mechanism helps coordinate movement and maintain stability.
32
What is the composition of ligaments?
70% water, 30% dense fibrous collagenous tissue
33
What type of collagen fibers are found in ligaments?
Type 1 collagen fibers
34
What is elastin?
Elastic protein in connective tissue that allows tissue to regain its shape ## Footnote Found in skin and ligaments.
35
What is the primary function of ligaments?
Attach bones together
36
What type of stability do ligaments provide?
Passive stability
37
What sensory feedback do ligaments provide to help prevent injury?
Proprioceptive sensory feedback
38
What are the two types of ligaments?
* Extrinsic * Intrinsic
39
What does the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) resist?
Varus stress
40
What is varus stress?
Abnormal joint movement away from the midline of the body
41
What condition is associated with varus stress at the knee joint?
Bow-leggedness
42
What do the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) resist?
Anterior and posterior movement of the tibia
43
What is the function of the medial collateral ligament (MCL)?
Resist valgus stress by keeping the knee joint approximated
44
What is cartilage?
Connective tissue covering the end of bone
45
What are the types of cartilage?
* Hyaline * Fibrocartilage * Elastic Cartilage
46
Where is hyaline cartilage commonly found?
* Nose * Trachea * Larynx * End of ribs * End of bones
47
What is fibrocartilage?
Tough tissue found in intervertebral discs and menisci
48
What is the function of elastic cartilage?
Provides pliability, found in the external ear and epiglottis
49
What is osteoarthritis?
Condition characterized by bone-on-bone contact creating pain
50
What is the main function of the circulatory system?
Exchange oxygen and CO2, transport nutrients, and clear biochemical waste
51
What are the components of the circulatory system?
* Heart * Arteries * Veins * Capillaries
52
What do arteries do?
Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
53
What do veins do?
Carry blood to the heart to remove waste
54
What is the role of capillaries?
Transport nutrients and gases at the sites of exchange
55
What is the myocardium?
Muscle layer of the heart
56
What are the four chambers of the heart?
* Right atrium * Right ventricle * Left atrium * Left ventricle
57
What is the pathway of blood in pulmonary circulation?
* Superior vena cava * Right atrium * Right ventricle * Pulmonary artery * Lungs * Pulmonary veins * Left atrium * Left ventricle * Aorta
58
What are the phases of the cardiac cycle?
* Systole * Diastole
59
What is the function of the SA node?
Generates the first electrical signal of a heartbeat
60
What is stroke volume?
Amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in one contraction
61
What is heart rate?
Number of heartbeats per minute
62
What is blood pressure (BP)?
The force of blood pushing against artery walls during the cardiac cycle
63
What is considered hypotension?
90/60 mm Hg or lower
64
What is considered hypertension?
More than 140/90 mm Hg
65
What are the factors for hypertension?
* Cardiac output * Blood volume * Peripheral resistance of arteries * Blood viscosity
66
What is the composition of blood?
* 55-60% plasma * 40% RBC * 2% WBC and platelets
67
What do erythrocytes do?
Carry oxygen to tissues
68
What are the main functions of white blood cells (WBC)?
* Immune response * Destroy cancerous cells * Fight infections
69
What is the role of lymph nodes?
Filter out lymph before returning it to the blood
70
What do antibodies do?
Recognize foreign bodies like viruses
71
What is the function of the respiratory system?
Removal of waste products of metabolism
72
What is tidal volume?
Normal amount of air displaced during inhalation and exhalation
73
What is pulmonary ventilation?
Breathing
74
What muscle separates the lungs from the abdomen?
Diaphragm
75
What is diffusion in the context of respiration?
Passive movement of molecules along a concentration gradient
76
What are the main structures of the respiratory system?
* Nose * Pharynx * Larynx * Trachea * Bronchi * Lungs
77
What hormone is secreted by the adrenal glands during stress?
Catecholamines
78
What are the types of catecholamines?
* Epinephrine * Norepinephrine * Dopamine
79
What is the role of the pancreas in the endocrine system?
Maintain blood glucose balance
80
What is the primary function of the liver?
Secretion of plasma proteins and detoxification
81
What is the main purpose of digestion?
Break down food into smaller molecules for absorption
82
What is peristalsis?
Muscle contractions that propel food through the digestive tract
83
What is the function of the stomach?
Storage and breakdown of food
84
What is chyme?
Partially digested food that passes from the stomach to the small intestine
85
What are the parts of the small intestine?
* Duodenum * Jejunum * Ileum
86
What is the function of the large intestine?
Final absorption of water, minerals, and vitamins
87
What vitamin is produced by bacteria in the large intestine?
Vitamin K
88
Where do the small and large intestines meet?
Appendix ## Footnote The appendix is located at the junction of the small and large intestines.
89
What is the final absorption process that occurs in the large intestine?
Water, minerals, and vitamins ## Footnote The large intestine plays a crucial role in absorbing these nutrients before waste is excreted.
90
What role do bacteria play in the large intestine?
Produce vitamins and decompose fecal matter ## Footnote Bacteria in the gut help in the production of vitamin K and the breakdown of waste.
91
What is the function of the liver?
Secretion of plasma proteins, bile salts, storage of vitamins, detoxification, metabolism ## Footnote These functions are essential for maintaining overall health and metabolic balance.
92
What does the gallbladder store?
Bile ## Footnote Bile is a fluid produced by the liver that aids in digestion.
93
What are the endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas?
Secreting digestive enzymes and hormones ## Footnote The pancreas plays a dual role in digestion and blood sugar regulation.
94
What is salivary amylase?
An enzyme that converts starches and glycogen into simple sugars ## Footnote This enzyme is found in saliva and initiates the digestion of carbohydrates.
95
What are the layers of the integumentary system?
* Epidermis * Dermis * Hypodermis ## Footnote Each layer has distinct functions and structures contributing to skin health.
96
What is the role of the epidermis?
Outermost layer, waterproof barrier ## Footnote The epidermis protects underlying tissues and prevents water loss.
97
What is found in the dermis?
* Blood cells * Sweat glands * Hair roots * Connective tissue ## Footnote The dermis supports the epidermis and contains structures critical for skin function.
98
What does the hypodermis consist of?
Subcutaneous fat and connective tissues ## Footnote The hypodermis provides insulation and cushioning for the body.
99
What is the normal blood sugar level?
140 dl/ ## Footnote This level can vary based on the time of day and food intake.
100
What hormone decreases after eating?
Insulin ## Footnote Insulin helps lower blood sugar levels by facilitating glucose uptake.
101
What happens when blood sugar levels decrease?
Glucagon is released ## Footnote Glucagon raises blood sugar levels by promoting glucose release from the liver.
102
What is insulin resistance associated with?
Type 2 diabetes ## Footnote This condition occurs when the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin.
103
What characterizes Type 1 diabetes?
Autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells ## Footnote This leads to insufficient insulin production and high blood sugar levels.
104
Fill in the blank: The pancreas secretes insulin and _______ to control blood sugar.
glucagon ## Footnote Both hormones play critical roles in metabolic regulation.

CPT Final (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions