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CPS First Nations, Inuit and Metis Health > CPS First Nations Inuit and Metis Health > Flashcards

CPS First Nations Inuit and Metis Health Flashcards

1
Q

List the triad of features seen in FAS

A
  • Prenatal and postnatal growth restriction
  • Characteristic facial features
  • CNS abnormalities
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2
Q

List 5 characteristic facial features of FAS

A
  • Short palpebral fissures
  • Midface hypoplasia
  • Bow shaped mouth with thin upper lip
  • Flat philtrum
  • Increased intercanthal distance
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3
Q

List 3 CNS effects of FAS

A
  • Microcephaly
  • Impaired attention
  • Learning disorders
  • Hyperactive
  • Delayed speech and fine motor skills
  • Lack of social skills
  • Lack of organization and sequencing
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4
Q

What are the most consistent physical findings of FAS besides facial features?

A
  • Growth retardation

- Microcephaly

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5
Q

List two features of FAS that do not improve with age

A
  • Poor judgement and ability to appreciate consequences

- Poor social skills

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6
Q

List the components of the CRAFFT screening questionnaire

A

C: Have you ever ridden in a car driven by someone who was high?
R: do you ever use alcohol to relax, feel better about yourself or fit in?
A: do you ever use alcohol alone?
F: do you ever Forget things that happened while you were drinking?
F: do Friends or Family members ever tell you to cut back?
T: have you ever gotten into Trouble while drinking?

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7
Q

List 3 long term effects of inhalant abuse

A
  • Cardiomyopathy with distinct ECG changes
  • Emphysema like abnormalities
  • Hepatitis
  • Distal RTA
  • Bone marrow toxicity
  • Menstrual disorders, pre-eclampsia, spontaneous abortions
  • Neonatal withdrawal
  • Fetal solvent syndrome: microcephaly, cognitive impairment
  • Poor school performance, criminal behaviour, abuse of other substances, social maladjustment, low self esteem and suicidality
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8
Q

List 3 withdrawal symptoms of inhalant abuse

A
  • Nausea, anorexia
  • Sweating
  • Tics
  • Sleep disturbance
  • Mood changes
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9
Q

List the causative triad for caries

A
  • Presence of cariogenic bacteria
  • Diet: Exposure to fermentable carbohydrates
  • Host susceptibility: integrity of tooth enamel
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10
Q

List three negative health consequences associated with early childhood caries

A
  • URTI
  • AOM
  • Growth problems due to altered eating, chewing, sleeping
  • Speech problems and poor self esteem
  • Obesity
  • Risk of repeated exposure to general anesthesia
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11
Q

List 5 risk factors for development of ECC

A
  • POVERTY! Single greatest RF
  • Household crowding
  • Family size
  • Nutrition
  • Health behaviours
  • Parenting practices
  • Poor parental oral health
  • Environmental smoke exposure and maternal smoking
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12
Q

List 5 risk factors for MRSA

A
  • Overcrowding
  • Frequent skin to skin contact between people
  • Participation in activities that abrade skin surfaces
  • Sharing contaminated personal items
  • Challenges in maintaining personal hygiene
  • Limited access to health care
  • Lower SES
  • Exposure to antibiotics
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13
Q

List 5 strategies to manage MRSA SSTIs

A
  • Keep wounds covered
  • Dispose of used dressings
  • Practice good hand hygiene
  • Bathing regularly
  • Washing clothing and bedding properly
  • Seek medical attention if fever or systemic illness develops
  • Clean contact surfaces regularly
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14
Q

What mite causes scabies?

A

sarcoptes scabei

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15
Q

What is the classic presentation of scabies?

A
  • Burrows, erythemarous papules, generalized pruritis
  • Worse at night
  • Other family members similarly affected
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16
Q

List 3 complications from scabies

A
  • Secondary bacterial infections
  • PSGN if infected with strep
  • Stigmatization
  • Depression
  • Insomnia
  • Direct and indirect financial loss
17
Q

What is the first line treatment for scabies?

A
  • 5% Permethrin cream applied from the neck down and left on overnight and washed off in the morning
  • Repeat in 7 days time as the treatment will not kill the eggs
  • For infants need to apply to the face too
18
Q

How to manage household contacts of a child with scabies?

A

Everyone needs to be treated at the same time because there is a 3 week window between the infestation and development of symptoms as what people are having is a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to the mite, the eggs or the skin rather than an immediate reaction to the bug alone.

19
Q

List 5 fetal adverse outcomes associated with smoking

A
  • Increased perinatal death
  • Placental problems
  • Preterm deliveries
  • Fetal growth restriction
  • Congenital anomalies (gastroischisis)
  • SIDS
  • Learning disabilities, ADHD
  • Withdrawal symptoms
  • Nicotine dependence in adulthood
20
Q

List 3 adverse outcomes in kids who are exposed to second hand smoke

A
  • Lower respiratory function
  • Decreased lung growth
  • Increased AOM
  • Increased risk of SIDS
  • Increased risk of asthma
21
Q

List 3 RFs for motor vehicle collisions in indigenous youth

A
  • Isolated communities with poor road conditions
  • Health care facilities harder to get to
  • ATVS and snowmobiles used in unsafe conditions
  • Underuse of child restraints, inadequate enforcement of restraint laws
  • Alcohol
22
Q

What is the major cause of injuries and deaths in first nations children?

A

Motor Vehicle Accidents

23
Q

Which first nations kids need to be screened for DM2?

A
  • Need to have all of the following:
    1. Aboriginal descent
    2. BMI > 85th percentile
    3. Age > 10
  • Need to have any one of the following:
    1. Sedentary lifestyle
    2. Mother had gDM
    3. 1st or 2nd degree relative with DM2
    4. Acanthosis nigricans
    5. Dyslipidemia
    6. HTN
    7. PCOS
24
Q

What is the best way to screen aboriginal kids for DM2?

A
  • Fasting plasma glucose (> 7mmol/L diagnostic for DM2)

- Random plasma glucose (>11.1 mmol/L diagnostic for DM2)

25
Q

How much vitamin D is required for Inuit infants in the first year of life?

A
  • In the summer months (May to September): 400IU

- In the winter months (October to April): 800IU

CPS First Nations, Inuit and Metis Health (1 decks)

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