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CPH > CPH PREFINAL LECTURE > Flashcards

CPH PREFINAL LECTURE Flashcards

1
Q

a number of all the organisms of the same group of species who live in a particular geographical area

A

Population

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2
Q

difference between the birth rate and the death rate

A

Population Rate

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3
Q

environmental pressures that increase gradually as the population approaches the number known as the carrying capacity

A

S Pattern

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4
Q

the population expands rapidly past the carrying capacity and then crashes

A

J Pattern

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5
Q

raised an alarm that population growth was outspacing the food supply

A

Thomas Malthus

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6
Q

published “The Population Bomb”

A

Paul Ehrlich

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7
Q

it is the result of major declines in death rates, especially amomg childre

A

Public Health Improvements

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8
Q

Demographic transition

A

19th to 20th Century

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9
Q

Give at least 2 increasing case of diseases

A
  1. Cholera, Tubercolosis,Polio
  2. Malaria, Measles,Diptheria, AIDS
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10
Q

It is determined by a number of factors, some of which can be altered by technological intervention and human behavior

A

Carrying capacity of the Earth

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11
Q

Factors related with the carrying capacity of the earth

A

availability of fresh water, availability of fuel, amount of productivity of used land, the amount and disposition of wastes (biological and technological

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12
Q

one of the factors that limits the Earth’s carrying capacity

A

Water Supply

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13
Q

also known as “green revolution”

A

Food Supply

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14
Q

-pollution of coastal waters
-75% of the major marine fish stocks are fully exploited, overexploited, or significantly depleted
-waste from penned fish pollutes coastal waters

A

Food Supply from the Sea

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15
Q

It is the change in the pattern of weather, and related changes in oceans, land surfaces and ice sheets, occurring over time scales of decades or longer

A

Climate Change

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16
Q

-increase risks in humans of skin cancer, melanoma, and cataracts.
- have a harmful impact on plant and animal life
- “there is less hope of preventing climate change caused by other human activities”

A

depletion of the Ozone Layer

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17
Q

Constituents of Air

A
  1. Nitrogen
  2. Oxygen
  3. Argon
  4. Carbon Dioxide
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18
Q

causes of current climate change

A
  1. Burning fossil fuels
  2. Air Pollution
  3. Water Pollution
  4. Dumping of Garbage
  5. Deforestation
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19
Q

roof of overpopulation is the difference between the overall birth rate and death rate in populations

A

The Decline in the Death Rate

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20
Q

allowed humans to increase food production using fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides and pesticides and yields further

A

Agricultural Advancements

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21
Q

illnesses that had claimed thousands of lives until now were cure because of the invention of vaccines

A

Better Medical Facilities

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22
Q

Families that have been through poverty, natural disasters, or are simply in need of more hands to work are a major factor for
overpopulation.

A

More Hands to Overcome Poverty

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23
Q

children being seen as a source of income by impoverished families begin work too young and also lose the educational opportunities reflected, particularly when it comes to birth control.

A

Child Labor

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24
Q

unable to understand the harmful effects of overpopulation, and lack of quality education prompts them to avoid family planning measures.

A

Lack of Family Planning

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25
Q

Poor family planning on the part of partners can lead to unexpected pregnancies though contraceptives are easily available in developed
countries.

A

Poor Contraceptives Use

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26
Q

Fatal Effects of Overpopulation

A
  1. Depletion of natural resources
  2. Degradation of environment
  3. Conflict and wars
  4. Rise of Unemployment
  5. High cost of living
  6. Pandemics and Epidemics
  7. Malnutrition, starvation and famine
  8. Water storage
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27
Q

Solutions to Overpopulation

A
  1. Empowering women and girls
  2. Removing barriers to contraception
  3. Quality education for all
  4. Alleviating poverty and global justice
  5. Exercising the choice
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28
Q
  • it is spread when those infected sneeze, cough, talk, or even exhale, releasing throat and nasal secretions into the air
  • tend to spread more easily than other types of diseases, harder to control
A

Airborne Diseases

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29
Q

rapidly spreading novel coronavirus

A

COVID-19

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30
Q
  • spreads easily and becomes contagious before symptoms are even apparent
  • common symptoms: fever, cough, sore throat, runny nose, headaches
A

INFLUENZA

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31
Q

most adults get a cold 2-3 times a year; children gets them more often, adding up to 1 million cases of the common cold in the US every year

A

COMMON COLD

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32
Q

best known for the puffy cheeks and tender, swollen jaw that it causes

A

Mumps

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33
Q

a result of swollen salivary glands under the ears on one or both sides

A

Parotitis

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34
Q

a result of swollen salivary glands under the ears on one or both sides

A

Parotitis

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35
Q

caused by the varicella-zoster virus

A

chickenpox

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36
Q

painful skin condition when it reactivates

A

shingles

37
Q

highly contagious, as the virus that causes it can remain active on surfaces or in the air for up to 2 hours

A

Measles

38
Q

transmissible for up to 4 days before and 4 days after a rash appears

A

Measles

39
Q

bacterial infection but doesn’t spread easily, requiring long periods of close contact with an infected person

A

Tuberculosis

40
Q

bacteria rapidly multiply, attack the lungs, and spread to other organs, bones, skin through the bloodstream and lymph nodes

A

Tuberculosis

41
Q

causes the airways to swell and manifests as a relentless hacking cough

A

whooping cough

42
Q

most contagious during the first 2 weeks after the cough appears

A

Whooping Cough

43
Q

also known as Whooping Cough

A

Pertussis

44
Q

injures the respiratory system and can cause damage to the nerves, kidneys, and heart

A

Diphtheria

45
Q

crucial in reducing the infections and deaths caused by airborne diseases

A

Vaccines

46
Q

includes practices such as washing your hands often, sneezing and coughing into your mouth or a tissue, and staying home when you’re sick

A

Hygiene

47
Q

key to prevent the spread or airborne diseases

A

Ventilation

48
Q

doctor may recommend that you manage your symptoms with over-the-counter medications

A

Symptom Management

49
Q

help with sore throat, body aches, and fever

A

Acetaminophen

50
Q

median age is increasing

A

Baby-boom (65 and over)

51
Q

born between 1946-1964

A

Baby-boom

52
Q

Median Age

A

age at which half the population is younger and half is older

53
Q

65-74

A

Young old

54
Q

75-84

A

Aged

55
Q

85 and older

A

Oldest old

56
Q

women at the age of 75

A

widowed and live alone

57
Q

men at the age of 75

A

men are married and live with their wives

58
Q

many older people have chronic conditions that cause them to require assistance with the activities of daily living

A

chronic illness

59
Q

Public Health Concern

A

Chronic Illness
Disability
Dependency

60
Q

leading cause of death

A

cardiovascular disease and cancer

61
Q

among older men far more than older women

A

vehicular accident and suicide

62
Q

Other chronic illness

A

arthritis, diabetes, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer’s disease

63
Q

deaths are increasingly concentrated in a relatively short age range at about the biological limit of lifespan

A

compression of mortality

64
Q

rates of chronic disease and disability

A

compression of morbidity

65
Q

one important variable that would be expected to make a difference

A

Health-related behavior

66
Q

reduced not only their risk of dying but also their disability in later years

A

Healthy Lifestyle

67
Q

the behavior that most significantly affect health in older people

A

smoking, obesity and physical inactivity

68
Q

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosism and disorders of the mouth

A

Smoking

69
Q

overnutrition and lack of exercise

A

Nutrition and Physical Activity

70
Q

result of overnutrition and vitamin D

A

Obesity

71
Q

need physical activity to maintain muscle strength, balance, and cardiovascular fitness

A

Elderly

72
Q

important for strength of bones and teeth

A

Calcium and Vitamin D

73
Q

caused and made by worse by smoking

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Osteoporosis, Disorders of the Mouth

74
Q

Preventive Measures

A

-Vaccine against pneumonia and influenza
- smoking cessation
- blood pressure control
-healthy diet
- physical activity
- medications
-constant check-up

75
Q

some treatments for chronic disorders have unwanted side effects to elderly

A

medications

76
Q

often impaired in older people leading to increase sensitivity to drugs

A

Kidney and liver functions

77
Q

older bodies have higher percentage of body weight

A

Increase risk of overdose

78
Q

porous bones

A

osteoporosis

79
Q

occurs when elderly people fall

A

osteoporotic fractures

80
Q

serious injury as a result of fall

A

fracture or head injury

81
Q

conditions may be disabling, limiting the individual’s ability to interact with the environment and communicate with others

A

impairment of vision and hearing

82
Q

clouding of the lens

A

Cataracts

83
Q

clouded lens is removed and replaced with a synthetic lens

A

Cataracts

84
Q

gradual increase in pressure within the eyes

A

Glaucoma

85
Q

common cause of blindness

A

Glaucoma

86
Q

breakdown of the light-sensing cells in macula

A

Macular degeneration

87
Q

high blood sugar damages the blood vessels in the retina

A

Diabetic retinopathy

88
Q

robs the individual of memory and individuality, and eventually reduces them to the helplessness of an infant

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

89
Q

major PH problem

A

Dementia

CPH (1 decks)

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