CPE/CYTOPATHIC EFFECT

Question 1

What does CPE stand for, and what does it signify in viral culture?

Answer 1

• Cytopathic Effect
• It signifies a change in cells’ nucleus or cytoplasm due to the presence of a virus, indicating growth in viral culture.

Question 2

Can CPEs be observed with the naked eye?

Answer 2

• No, CPEs cannot be observed macroscopically; they require examination under a microscope.

Question 3

Why do researchers wait for CPEs to develop in viral culture?

Answer 3

• Because they serve as a sign of viral growth in the culture.

Question 4

Where are CPEs examined?

Answer 4

• Using a microscope to observe cellular changes caused by the presence of a virus.

Question 5

What is pyknosis?

Answer 5

• Pyknosis is the condensation of the nucleus.

Question 6

Give an example of a virus known to exhibit pyknosis.

Answer 6

• Picornaviruses are known to exhibit pyknosis.

Question 7

What happens when some viruses cause the fusion of cells?

Answer 7

• Some viruses can cause the fusion of cells to form larger cells.

Question 8

Can you provide an example of a virus that causes cell fusion?

Answer 8

• Paramyxoviruses are known to cause cell fusion.

Question 9

What is foamy degeneration in relation to cytoplasm?

Answer 9

• Foamy degeneration is the development of vacuoles in the cytoplasm.

Question 10

Name viruses associated with the development of vacuoles in cytoplasm.

Answer 10

• Papillomavirus and Polyomavirus

Question 11

What is the characteristic cytopathic effect (CPE) associated with Adenovirus?

Answer 11

• Adenovirus causes swelling and clumping, resulting in a grape-like cluster CPE.

Question 12

What is the distinctive cytopathic effect observed with Alpha herpes virus?

Answer 12

• Alpha herpes virus leads to the proliferation of the nuclear membrane.

Question 13

Where is the cytopathic effect commonly checked?

Answer 13

• Cytopathic effect is commonly checked on cell cultures.

Question 14

What does “Quantitation” refer to in this context?

Answer 14

• Quantitation refers to interpretation the extent of cytopathic effects (CPE) in a cell monolayer.

Question 15

What is the interpretation when the result is “Negative”?

Answer 15

• A “Negative” interpretation means there is no observable CPE in the monolayer; it’s uninfected.

Question 16

What does “Equivocal (±)” signify?

Answer 16

• “Equivocal (±)” suggests an uncertain result with an atypical alteration involving a few cells in the monolayer.

Question 17

What does a “1+” result indicate in CELL CULTURE CYTOPATHIC EFFECTS?

Answer 17

• A “1+” result means that 1% to 25% of the monolayer exhibits cytopathic effects (CPE).

Question 18

In CPE, When is a “2+” result reported?

Answer 18

• A “2+” result is reported when 25% to 50% of the monolayer exhibits cytopathic effects (CPE).

Question 19

In CPE, What does a “3+” result signify?

Answer 19

• A “3+” result indicates that 50% to 75% of the monolayer exhibits cytopathic effects (CPE).

Question 20

In CPE, When is a “4+” result reported?

Answer 20

• A “4+” result is reported when 75% to 100% of the monolayer exhibits cytopathic effects (CPE).

Question 21

What is used for viral culture instead of bacterial media?

Answer 21

• Cell cultures are used for viral culture.

Question 22

What is the incubation temperature for viral culture?

Answer 22

• The incubation temperature is 35-37°C.

Question 23

How is the detection of viral growth different from bacteria?

Answer 23

• Instead of waiting for colonies and turbidity
• We look for CPEs (Cytopathic Effects) in viral culture.

Question 24

What are the two methods for detecting CPEs in viral culture?

Answer 24

• Detection of CPEs can be qualitative or quantitative.