CPCE Flashcards

Question

GENERATIVITY VS STAGNATION

Answer 1

ERIK ERIKSON STAGE NUMBER 7 35-60 YEARS OLD people become concerned with contributing something to society and leaving their mark on the world. Raising a family and having a career are two key activities that contribute to success at this stag

Answer 2

ERIKSON STAGE 8 65+ involves reflecting back on life. Those who look back and feel a sense of satisfaction develop a sense of integrity and wisdom, while those who are left with regrets may experience bitterness and despair.

Answer 3

A TERM ERIK ERIKSON CAME UP WITH | MOST IMPORTANT CONFLICT PPL EXPERIENCE DURING DVLPMNT PROCESS

Answer 4

THEORY OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT HE WAS A GENTIC EPISTOMOLOGIST piaget explained that children's brains work differently PIONEER OF CONSTRUCTIVIST THEORY

Answer 5

Epistemology is a branch of philosophy that is concerned with the origin, nature, extent, and limits of human knowledge. Piaget was interested not only in the nature of thought but also in how it develops and understanding how genetics impact this process. JEAN PIAGET CALLED HIMSELF A GENETIC EPISTOMOLOGIST

Answer 6

Concept created by JEAN PIAGET patterns and thoughts of behavior are called schemas children sort the knowledge they acquire through their experiences and interactions into groupings known as schemas. When new information is acquired, it can either be assimilated (see card) into existing schemas or accommodated (see card) through revising an existing schema or creating an entirely new category of information

Answer 7

``` Happens QUALITATIVELY When someone fits new information into an existing idea (ASSIMILATE) and then modifies what they know to incorporate the knew ingo(ACCOMODATE) ```

Answer 8

goes hand in hand with assimilation. there is no specific order. one can modify what they know to incorporate new information and then ft that info into something existing or vise versa.

Answer 9

``` CREATED BY JEAN PIAGET 4 stages on how children develop cognitively 1. sensorimotor 2.preoperational 3.concrete operational 4. formal operations ```

Answer 10

STAGE ONE OF JEAN PIAGET COGNITIVE DVLPMNT THEORY AGES 0-2 At this point in development, children know the world primarily through their senses and motor movements OBJECT PERMANENCE HAPPENS IN THIS STAGE. (see card(

Answer 11

Happens in piagets first stage SENSORIMOTOR | a child behind to realize been thp they cant see the object its still there

Answer 12

PIAGETS SECOND STAGE OF COGNITIVE DEVELPMENT AGES 2-7 characterized by the development of language and the emergence of symbolic play. CENTRATION HAPPENS IN SECOND STAGE

Answer 13

Part PREOPERATION STAGE of Piagets Coginitve development stages Focusing on one aspect of something

Answer 14

STAGE 3 IN PIAGETS COG DEVELMNT STAGES AGES 7-12 logical thought emerges, but children still struggle with abstract and theoretical thinking. CONVSERVATION IS DURING THIS STAGE

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IDEA PART OF PIAGETS COG THEORY PART OS CONCRETE OPERATION STAGE STAGE 3 volume and quantity do not change just because the appearance of an object changes (glass of water)

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PIAGET STAGE 4 11 1/2-16 YEARS OLD children become much more adept at abstract thought and deductive reasoning. ABSTRACT SCIENTIFIC THINKING

Answer 17

CONSTRUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT MODEL | said that everyone constructs their realty differntly based on where they are in the process of their development

Answer 18

THEORY OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT WORK IS BASED ON PIAGET how children develop morality and moral reasoning. Kohlberg's theory suggests that moral development occurs in a series of six stages. Kohlberg extended Piaget's theory, proposing that moral development is a continual process that occurs throughout the lifespan. His theory outlines six stages of moral development within three different levels.

Answer 19

KOHLBERG 3 main stages with 2 stages within each stage 1. PRECONVENTIONAL- stage 1. obedience and punishment stage 2. individualism and exchange 2. CONVENTIONAL- stage 3. devlping good interpersonal relationships stage 4 maintaining social order 3. POSTCONVENTIONAL- stage 5. social contract and individual rights stage 6.universal principles

Answer 20

KOHLBERGS FIRST LEVEL OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT 2 stages inside preconventional 1. OBEDIANCE AND PUNISHMENT 2. INDIVIDUALISM AND EXCHANGE-

Answer 21

1ST STAGE OF KOHLBERGS MORAL DEVELOPMENT obedience and punishment are especially common in young children, people at this stage see rules as fixed and absolute Obeying the rules is important because it is a way to avoid punishment

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2ND STAGE OF KOHLBERGS MORAL DEVELOPMENT | children account for individual points of view and judge actions based on how they serve individual needs

Answer 23

CAME UP AS PART OF KOHLBERGS THEORY OF MORAL DVLPMNT. | man named heinz wife is dying and doc was overcharging for drug so he broke in and stole it.

Answer 24

Something that kids begin to understand in the second stage of preconventional morality xchanging things with other people in order to gain a mutual benefit. KIDS IN PRECONVENTIONAL THOUGHT BEST COURSE OF ACTION FOR HEINZ WAS TO STEAL BEC IT SERVES HIS OWN INTEREST.

Answer 25

SECOND LEVEL OF KOHLBERGS THEORY OF MORAL DVLPMNT A DESIRE TO CONFORM TO SOCIALLY ACCEPTABLE RULES marked by the acceptance of social rules regarding what is good and moral. During this time, adolescents and adults internalize the moral standards they have learned from their role models and from society. ALSO INVOLVES ACCEPTANCE OF ATHOURITY AND CONFORMING TO NORMS OF A GROUP Stage 3-DEVELOPING GOOD INTERPERSONAL RELATINSHIPS STAGE 4-MAINTAINING SOCIAL ORDER

Answer 26

Stage 3 OF KOHLERBS THEORY Often referred to as the "good boy-good girl" orientation, this stage of the interpersonal relationship of moral development is focused on living up to social expectations and roles There is an emphasis on conformity, being "nice," and consideration of how choices influence relationships.

Answer 27

STAGE 4 IN LEVEL 2 OF KOHLBERGS THEORY OF MORAL DVLP this stage is focused on ensuring that social order is maintained. At this stage of moral development, people begin to consider society as a whole when making judgments. The focus is on maintaining law and order by following the rules, doing one’s duty, and respecting authority.

Answer 28

LEVEL 3 OF KOHLBERGS THEORY SELF ACCEPTED MORAL PRINCIPLES GUIDE BEHAVIOR At this level of moral development, people develop an understanding of abstract principles of morality STAGE 5: SOCIAL CONTRACT AND INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS STAGE 6: UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLES

Answer 29

stage 5 of kohlberg (level 3) The ideas of a social contract and individual rights cause people in the next stage to begin to account for the differing values, opinions, and beliefs of other people. Rules of law are important for maintaining a society, but members of the society should agree upon these standards.

Answer 30

Kohlberg’s final level of moral reasoning is based on universal ethical principles and abstract reasoning. At this stage, people follow these internalized principles of justice, even if they conflict with laws and rules. ****Kohlberg believed that only a relatively small percentage of people ever reach the post-conventional stages (around 10 to 15%).

Answer 31

Came up with a theory of development based on kohlbergs. she said kohlberhgs was based on males and therefor not accurate for women. WOMEN HAVE A SENSE OF CARING AND COMPASSION SO OUR MORALS ARE DIFF

Answer 32

SOCIOCULUTURAL THEORIST | SAID COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IS NOT BASED ON NATURE BUT ON THE ACTIVITIES ONE PARTAKES IN ONES CULTURE.

Answer 33

Created by LEV VYGOTSKY referse to the diff in a child ability to solve problems on their own and his capacity to solve them with the help of others The "zone" is the gap between what a child knows and what they do not yet know. Acquiring the missing information requires skills that a child does not yet possess or cannot do independently, but which they can do with the help of a more knowledgeable other.

Answer 34

ORAL, ANAL, PHALLIC, LATENCY, GENITAL

Answer 35

BIRTH-1 YEAR

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3-7 YEARS | OEDIPAL/ELECTRA COMPLEX

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3-5 YEARS UNTIL AGE 12 | the libido is pushed to the back as the individual has little interest in sex

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ADOLESCENCE AND ADULTHOOD

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the drive to live and sexual instinct. present at birth. isn't present during latency stage

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DEFENCE MECHANISM FROM FREUD | when someone returns to an earlier stage/acts a younger age due to stress

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DONE BY THE EGO | to keep disturbing or threatening thoughts from becoming conscious so they get pushed to the back of the mind

Answer 42

Denial is a defense mechanism proposed by Anna Freud which involves a refusal to accept reality, thus blocking external events from awareness.

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proposed by Anna Freud in which an individual attributes unwanted thoughts, feelings and motives onto another person. It involves the tendency to see your own unacceptable desires in other people

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Displacement is the redirection of an impulse (usually aggression) onto a powerless substitute target. The target can be a person or an object that can serve as a symbolic substitute. EX: Someone who is frustrated by his or her superiours may go home and kick the dog

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special form of DISPLACEMENT, where the person becomes their own substitute target. It is normally used in reference to hatred, anger, and aggression, rather than more positive impulses, and it is the Freudian explanation for many of our feelings of inferiority, guilt, and depression. The idea that depression is often the result of the anger we refuse to acknowledge is accepted by many people, Freudians and non-Freudians alike.

Answer 46

Displace our unacceptable emotions into behaviors which are constructive and socially acceptable, rather than destructive activities.

Answer 47

involving a cognitive distortion of "the facts" to make an event or an impulse less threatening. We do it often enough on a fairly conscious level when we provide ourselves with excuses.

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involving a cognitive distortion of "the facts" to make an event or an impulse less threatening. We do it often enough on a fairly conscious level when we provide ourselves with excuses.

Answer 49

involving a cognitive distortion of "the facts" to make an event or an impulse less threatening. We do it often enough on a fairly conscious level when we provide ourselves with excuses.

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involving a cognitive distortion of "the facts" to make an event or an impulse less threatening. We do it often enough on a fairly conscious level when we provide ourselves with excuses.

Answer 51

a person unconsciously replaces an unwanted or anxiety-provoking impulse with its opposite, often expressed in an exaggerated or showy way A BOY BULLIES A GIRL IN HIS CLASS BC SUBSCONSCIOUSLY HE LIKES HER

Answer 52

FOUNDER OF HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY developed a hierarchy of needs to explain human motivation. His theory suggested that people have a number of basic needs that must be met before people move up the hierarchy to pursue more social, emotional, and self-actualizing needs.

Answer 53

``` As a humanist, Maslow believed that people have an inborn desire to be self-actualized, that is, to be all they can be. In order to achieve these ultimate goals, however, a number of more basic needs must be met. 5 LEVELS OF THE PYRAMID : 1.psychiological needs 2.safety 3.love/belongings 4.esteem 5. self actualization ```

Answer 54

``` Theory about college students/adults 3/4 STAGES 1. DUALISM 2. MULTIPLICY 3. RELATIVISM 4. COMMITMENT the four stages are further devided into 9 stages ```

Answer 55

WILLIAM PERRYS FIRST STAGE | students view all problems as solvable and the truth is either write or wrong and one should obey athourity

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WILLIAM PERRYS 2ND STAGE there are two types of problems: solvable, and also problems that the answer is not know yet. In addition, in this stage, students put trust in their own inner voice.

Answer 57

WILLIAM PERRYS 3RD STAGE the notion that the perfect answer may not exist but there is a deire to know various opinions and know why the solution to a certain problem is something

Answer 58

FINAL STAGE OF WILLIAM PERRY | person is willinhg to change his or her opinion based on facts and new points of view.

Answer 59

``` STAGES OF FAITH info is based on piaget, kohlerg and erikson 0: UNDIFFERENTIATED FAITH 1. INTUITIVE-PROJECTIVE FAITH 2. MYTHIC-LITERAL FAITH 3. SYTHETIC CONVENTIONAL FAITH 4. INDIVIDUATIVE RELECTIVE 5. CONJUNCTIVE FAITH 6. UNIVERSALIZING FAITH ```

Answer 60

FOWLER THEORY OF FAITH BIRTH-2 the baby acquires experiences from the outer environment that either instill in him a feeling of trust and assurance. These personalized experiences, according to Fowler, essentially translate into feelings of trust and assurance in the universe and harmony with the divine.

Answer 61

FOWLERS FAITH AGES 3-7 Faith at this stage is experiential and develops through encounters with stories, images, the influence of others, a deeper intuitive sense of what is right and wrong, and innocent perceptions of how God causes the universe to function.

Answer 62

FOWLERS FAITH AGES 7-12 belief in justice and fairness in religious matters, a sense of reciprocity in the workings of the universe (e.g. doing good will result in a good result, doing bad will cause a bad thing to happen) and an anthropomorphic image of God (e.g. a man with a long white beard who lives in the clouds). Religious metaphors are often taken literally thus leading to misunderstandings.

Answer 63

FOWLERS FAITH THEORY STAGE 3 12-ADULT characterized by the identification of the adolescent/adult with a religious institution, belief system, or authority, and the growth of a personal religious or spiritual identity. Conflicts that occur when one’s beliefs are challenged are often ignored because they represent too much of a threat to one’s faith-based identity

Answer 64

FOWLER AGES MID TWENTIES TO MID THIRTIES OR YOUNG ADULTHOOD AND BEYOND This stage is often characterized by angst and struggle as the individual takes personal responsibility for her beliefs or feelings. Religious or spiritual beliefs can take on greater complexity and shades of nuance, and there is a greater sense of open-mindedness, which can at the same time open up the individual to potential conflicts as different beliefs or traditions collide.

Answer 65

FOWLERS 5TH STAGE MID THIRTIES AND BEYOND OPENNES TO OTHER POINTS OF VIEWS acknowledges paradoxes and the mysteries attendant on transcendent values. This causes the person to move beyond the conventional religious traditions or beliefs he may have inherited from previous stages of development. A resolution of the conflicts of this stage occurs when the person is able to hold a multi-dimensional perspective that acknowledges ”truth’ as something that cannot be articulated through any particular statement of faith.

Answer 66

LAST STAGE OF FOLWERS FAITH THEORY MIDLIFE AND BEYOND This stage is only rarely achieved by individuals. A person at this stage is not hemmed in by differences in religious or spiritual beliefs among people in the world, but regards all beings as worthy of compassion and deep understanding. Here, individuals ”walk the talk” of the great religious traditions

Answer 67

``` CREATED BY DIANA BAUMRIND 4 types ATHOURITATIVE AUTHORITARIAN PERMISSIVE UNIVOLVED ```

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CREATED 4 TYPES OF PARENTING STYLES

Answer 69

THE GOOD ONE. warm and nurturing but also have rules and expectations. RULES HAVE AN EXPLANATION. produces happy children fo well in school, good emotional regulation and social skills

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THINK OF STALIN. BOSSY. NO EXPLANATION FOR RULES. punishment and verbal insults are used alot produces anxiouis withdrawn children. can produce antisocial behavior including drug and alochol abuse

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NO CONTROL OVER CHILD AND EASILY MANIPULATED NEVER SAYS NO. very affectoiante and wishes to please the child like a friend children displau lack of social skills, boundarues and are demanding.

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Uninvolved parents tend to have little knowledge of what their children are doing. There tend to be few rules. Children may not receive much guidance, nurturing, and parental attention.

Answer 73

defined as habits, customs, art, religion, science and the political behavior of a given group of ppl during a period of time. culture is DYNAMYIC: each culture changes and evolves at it own rate.

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the dominant or major culture in a country | can have microcultures inside it

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cultures that exist within the framework of the macroculture; they share the political and social institutions of the macroculture, but they have their own distinctive features; can include age, sex/gender, ethnic or national origin, religion, class, geographical region, urban/rural/suburban location, and disability/exceptionality

Answer 76

learning the behaviors and expectations of a culture

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“a lifelong process of self-reflection and self-critique whereby the individual not only learns about another's culture, but one starts with an examination of her/his own beliefs and cultural identities.

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bility to engage knowledgeably with people across cultures AND ACCEPTANCE

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Implies we are all genetically and bioligically more similar than difference. ALSO KNOWN AS BIOLOGICAL SAMENESS

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Determines langauge, political views and laws

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Behavior that protains to a specific region

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Factors like earthquakes and food supply influence behavior

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Ethnocentrism in social science and anthropology—as well as in colloquial English discourse—means to apply one's own culture or ethnicity as a frame of reference to judge other cultures, practices, behaviors, beliefs, and people, instead of using the standards of the particular culture involved IM GONNA ASSUME THIS IS BAD

Answer 84

COUNSELOR HELPS THE CLIENT UNDERSTAND HIS OWN CULTURE

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TREATS EVERYONE THE SAME AND FOCUSES ON SIMILARITIES

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HELPS CLIENT CHANGE THEMSELVES TO COPE WITH THEIR ENVIRONMENT

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THERAPIST TELLS THEM TO CHANGE THEIR SURROUNDING AND CHANGE THE ENVIRONMENT

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TONE OF VOICE THAT A CLIENT SPEAKS IN, VOLUME, INFLECTIONS, SPEED OF DELIVERY.

Answer 89

the way someone speaks depending on cultural backgreoumd EXAMPLE: US, CANADA AND GERMANY SUMMARIZE THINGS AND OFFER OPINIONS AND THERE IS ALWAYS EXPLICIT VERBAL EXPLANATION IN COUNSELING WHERAS IN OTHER PLACES THEY RELY ON NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION

Answer 90

COMMUNICATION IS IMPLICIT | whatever they wanted to say was implied and they wont explain it or summarize. use of a lot of nonverbal cues.

Answer 91

THINKING ALL PPL OF A GROUP ARE THE SAME

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WHEN U HAVE AN OPINOIN BASED ON LACK OF EVIDENCE ABOUT A CULTURE/GROUP

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healthy people posess both masucilne and femine traits

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adresses the issue of personal space.

Answer 95

USED TO DETERMINE IF SOMEONE IS ELIGBLE FOR BENEFITS OR ASSISRTANCE (food stamps)

Answer 96

Diff than means tests bc jt includes social security which a wealthy person can still qualify for

Answer 97

CREATED COGNITIVE DISSONANCE AS WELL AS SOCIAL COMPARISON THEORY

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says we evaluate out behaviors and accomplishments by comparing ourselves to others

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an individiaul will change their beleifs to match their behavior when there is a mismaych. the state of having inconsistent thoughts, beliefs, or attitudes, especially as relating to behavioral decisions and attitude change.

Answer 100

YOU ACKNOWLEDGE INFO THAT SUPPORTS UR POINT OF VIEW/BIAS AND IGNORE EVERYTHING ELSE.

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CARE ABOUT THEIR SELF IMAGE AND WHAT OTHERS THINK ABOUT THEME

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"MISERY LOVES COMPANY"

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says ppl from other cultures would do well to forget their heritage and try to become like the macroculture

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CREATED BY ATKINSON,MORTEN, SUE The Cultural-Racial Identity Model serves as a framework for understanding and working with members of racially integrated families by attending to racial and cultural differences among parents and children and by considering the impact that the experiences and the attitudes of parents, peers, extended family 1.CONFORMITY-lean toward dominany culture and want a counselor from that culute 2. DISSONANCE\-question and confusion. prefer a cpunselor from a minority group 3. RESISTANCE AND IMMERSION-reject the dominant culuture while accewpitng ones own culture 4. INTROSPECTION-mixed feelings related to the previous stage prefer counslor from ones own ethnic group 5. SYNERGETIC ARTICULATION AND AWARENESS-stop racial and culturual opression. prefer a counselor with similar attidtude and worldview

Answer 105

often used when speaking about people with an asian background. meaning they are more successful and intellectual than the general population

Answer 106

the idea that men are to provide for the family and women are subserient to men

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descriminatoin basred on skin color often racism in the same group

Answer 108

STANFORD PRISON EXPERIEMENT (1971)

Answer 109

ROBBERS CAVE EXPERIMENT demonstrated that an attempt to simply bring hostile groups together is not enough to reduce intergroup prejudice. Rather, this experiment confirmed that groups must cooperate and have common goals to truly build peace. SUPERORDINATE GOAL

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``` ASCH SITUATION (1950'S) when people were asked how long a line was they conformed to the group of people's answers even tho they knew it was wrong ```

Answer 111

BYSTANDER EFFECT/APATHY the greater the number of people in the group the less likely someone is to do somethign KITTY GENOVESE 1964 GROUP INHIBITION FOR HELPING

Answer 112

OBEDIENCE TO ATHOURITY- 1963 | Electirical shock given to people and people didnt hesitate. used to explain holocaust

Answer 113

Eclectic therapy is an approach that draws on multiple theoretical orientations and techniques. It is a flexible and multifaceted approach to therapy that allows the therapist to use the most effective methods available to address each individual client's needs.

Answer 114

ppl think u shld have a therpaistr of the same gender and ethinicity. in reality having a therapist of same gende or ethnicity doesnt produce a better therapeutic rlationship

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insurance companies try to push meds but psychotherapy and couneling is more cost effective

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are viewed as a process for wish fulfillment

Answer 117

Abreaction is a psychoanalytical term for reliving an experience to purge it of its emotional excesses—a type of catharsis. Sometimes it is a method of becoming conscious of repressed traumatic events.

Answer 118

THE LIFE INSTINCT

Answer 119

THE DEATH INSINCT

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brokeaway from freud in 1914 | FOUNDER OF ANALYTIC PSYCJOLOGY

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FEMININE SIDE OF THE MALE

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MASCULINE SIDE OF THE FEMALE

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the term created by JUNG refers to a person becoming a inique human nbeing

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INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY broke away from freud CREATED THEORY OF BIRTH ORDER

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created by ADLER based in psychodynamic approach focuses on fact thart behavior is ones unconsicouis attempt to compensate for feelings of inferity

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Adler beleived the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche and that humans strive for power to feel less inferior

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spoken about by alfred adler first born- conservative leaders 2nd- more competitive and rebellious SIBLING INTERACTION CAN HAVE BIGGER IMPACT THAN PARENT-CHILD INTERACTIONS

Answer 128

individual psychology by adler is teleological because it beleives behavior is unfluenced by future goals rather than ones past

Answer 129

CREATED WATSON BEHAVIOR IS BASED ON LEARNING RATHER THAN INSIGHT INTO THE UNCONSCIOUS MIND. Critisism- it treats the symptoms but not the root of the problem. there is no insight it can change behavior but not underlying feelings.

Answer 130

ABA THERAPY

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created by SKINNER says behavior is moledd soleley by its consequesns OPERANT CONDITIONING/ INSTRUMENTAL CONDITIONG.

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stimulus that raises the probability of a behavior being repreated

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also increases the probability that a behavior will be done | ex: u make ur bed to avoid reprimand

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ALBERT BANDURA | persons own behavior increases when they see someone else getting reinforcement for it

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intended to lower behavior by supressing it

Answer 136

EX: time out | will lower behavior after initial response burst

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rely on time

Answer 138

relies on work output | MORE EFFECTIVE THAN INTERVAL SCHEDULES

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each behavior is reinfoces

Answer 140

reinforcement that occurs some of the time that the desired behavior us done but not all the time.

Answer 141

variable reinforcement in better than reinforcing the same behavior

Answer 142

CREATED BY IRVING YALOM

Answer 143

1. altruism-giving to others gives memebers a sense of well being 2. universality- you are not alone with ur problem 3. intilation of hope- the members expect the group to work 4. catharsis- talking about problems is beneficial 5. group cohesion- a sense of we-ness 6. imitative behavior-members copy others and the leader 7. family reinactment-helps ppl deal with family issues 8. imparting information-psycjodanic insight or advice 9. interpersonal learning- feedback about how their behavior affects s/e 10. socialization techniques- feedback and instruction is helpful 11. existential factors- discovering that life has meaning if its not just

Answer 144

Big on the HERE & NOW and the THERAPEUTIC ALLIANCE.

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8 is preferred number but 5-6 works also MAX IS 10 childrens groups should have less.

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explains development and dynamics of group 1. intial stage/forming stage 2. conflict/storming stage 3. performing/ productive/working stage 4. m termination/mourning stage

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Forming stage, orientation stage | get to know each other and learn group rules

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transition,conflict stage | power struggle

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PEERFORMING STAGE, ACTION STAGE, PRODUCTING STAGE | works toward goals in a cohesive manner

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closure, completion, mourning, adjurning

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determines how fast or slow to go with a group in terms of progess.

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style of group leadership | often makes decisiuons for members. useful in a time of crisis but will increase resentment in the group

Answer 153

leader has little involvment. can be appropriate when all members of the greoup are very comitted to a group goals

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allows im[put from members | BEST STYLE

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rely on their personal power and charisma. members look up to and adore them but are not peer oriented

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leader reveals the impact that group members have on him and how hios own behavior impacts him

Answer 157

1. PSYCHOEDUCATIONAL- provide membesr with info abt their situation 2. COUNSELING GROUPS- focus on conscious issues abt personal growth 3. GROUP THERAPY- unconscious materal, the past and personality changr 4. T-GROUPS- training group for business or personal motivation 5. STRUCTURAL-centered around specific issue ex: shyness 6. SELF HELP GROUP- ex:AA. not led by professional support grtoups

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When the group is successful and doing well the ppl in the group taje crediy buy when its not they nfault others.

Answer 159

group members make more risky decissions in a group than they would individually.

Answer 160

no and thjey are allowed to quit. | the leader should find out why a participant is not joining in a activity

Answer 161

CREATED BY FRANK PARSONS matching the clients traits to proper carreer optiions when individuals are in jobs best suited to their abilities they perform best and their productivity is highest. 6 STEPS: analysis, synthesis, diagnosis, prognosis, counselinf, follow up

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THE FATHER OF CAREER COUNSELING

Answer 163

thoerised that people choose their career based on childhood satisfaction and frustration

Answer 164

involved 4 people: ginzberg, ginsburg, axelrad, herma According to the theory, a career is a long-term process. That requires education, vision, values, goals, skills, and interests. FANTASY-0-11 play is work oriented TENTATIVE- 11-17 REALISTIC- 17+

Answer 165

Tiedeman (with O'Hara) believed that career development occurred as part of cognitive development as one resolved ego-relevant crises. For them, career development paralleled the eight psychosocial stages identified by Erikson. Tiedeman saw life decisions and career decisions as integrally related.

Answer 166

TALKED ABOUT SELF-CONCEPT AND LIFE RAINBOW

Answer 167

by DONALD SUPER | emphasized how personal experiences interact with occupational preferences in creating one's self-concept.

Answer 168

CREATED BY DONALD SUPER The Life Career Rainbow identifies eight roles that we play throughout our lives – Child, Student, Leisurite, Citizen, Worker, Parent, Spouse, and Homemaker – and five "life stages" during which we devote more or less time to each role.

Answer 169

CREATE THE PERSONALITY TYPOLOGY THEORY 6 personality types realistic, onvestigative, artistic, social, enterprising, conventional ASSESMENT TOOLS: self-directed search, my vocational situation, vocational preference inventotry.

Answer 170

``` said career decisions are based on social learning theory 4 factors imoact career choice": environment special skills learning exPERIENCES task-appraoch problem solving skills ```

Answer 171

emphasized CIRCUMSCRIPTION and COMPROMISE circumscription-narrowing the acceptable alternatives compromise- realization that the cliernt wont be able to implement their best choise

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robert lent, steven brown, gail hacket | emphasizes SELF-EFFICACY and cognitive procvess

Answer 173

uses techniques popularized by nmarrative therapy to create postmodfern constirsutivist appraocj

Answer 174

wrote "what color is your parachute" and its used to help u choose a career

Answer 175

most jobs are not advertised so u mst network ursef

Answer 176

u take a job under ur qualifications | ex: someone with a phd works ar micdonalsa

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DESCRIBES A WORKER WHO IS UNEMPLOYED DO TO DOWNSIIING, OR COMPANY CLOSING BUSINESS OR RELOCVATION

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women who enter or reeenter the workforce after being at home

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when us companies rely on cheaper laber from another country. results in fewer jobs in the us

Answer 180

When both parents work

Answer 181

no chance of adancement in the career

Answer 182

supervisors who rate their works are often bias

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when a supervisor rates everyone as average

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the worker is rated based on recent performances rather than entire rating period

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a supervisor who generalizes about an employee based on one good characteristic can be positive or negative

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employeed with identicle or simimlar jobs meet as a group to solve problems

Answer 187

NOT good predictors of whetjr or not a person will do well in a job

Answer 188

structured are better than unstructefr

Answer 189

if someone is interviewd after a fanastic candidate they will not seem as desireable. vise versa

Answer 190

are good at predicting JOB SATTISFACTION but not job success