CP11 + 12 Matter

Question 1

How much mass a substance contains compared to it’s volume is…

Answer 1

density

Question 2

State the equation which links density, mass and volume

Answer 2

ρ=m/v

Question 3

The energy needed to raise the temperature 1 kg of a material by 1ᵒC is the __________

Answer 3

specific heat capacity

Question 4

The average kinetic energy of particles is known as the ___________

Answer 4

temperature

Question 5

The amount of energy required to change the state of one kilogram of a substance with no change in temperature is the …?

Answer 5

specific latent heat

Question 6

Latent heat of fusion is for changing…?

Answer 6

solid to liquid

Question 7

Latent heat of vaporisation is for changing….?

Answer 7

liquid to vapour (gas)

Question 8

Increasing temperature ______________ pressure in a gas if volume is constant

Answer 8

increases

Question 9

The force exerted by gas on a surface as the particles collide with it is known as….?

Answer 9

gas pressure

Question 10

State the units of density

Answer 10

kg/m3

Question 11

State the units of volume

Answer 11

m3

Question 12

Sketch the heating curve for water

Answer 12

teacher to draw on board…

Question 13

Why doesn’t temperature increase during melting?

Answer 13

Energy is being used to weaken forces between particles

Question 14

Why doesn’t temperature increase during evaporation

Answer 14

Energy is being used to weaken forces between particles

Question 15

Why does temperature of a substance increase as it is heated?

Answer 15

Particles gain more kinetic energy and temperature is a measure of kinetic energy

Question 16

What temperature is absolute zero in degrees celsius?

Answer 16

-273 celsius

Question 17

What is absolute zero?

Answer 17

The lowest temperature that matter can reach - the particles have as little kinetic energy as its possible for them to have

Question 18

How do you convert from a celsius temperature to a kelvin temperature?

Answer 18

add 273

Question 19

How can you measure the volume of an irregular object?

Answer 19

By putting it in a cylinder of water and seeing the volume it displaces

Question 20

What is Hooke’s Law?

Answer 20

The extension of an elastic object, such as a spring, is directly proportional to the force applied, provided that the limit of proportionality is not exceeded.

Question 21

What is the word equation for Hooke’s Law?

Answer 21

force = spring constant × extension

Question 22

What are the units of spring constant?

Answer 22

N/m or N/mm

Question 23

What is elastic potential energy related to?

Answer 23

A force that stretches (or compresses) a spring does work and elastic potential energy is stored in the spring.

Question 24

When work is done to stretch a spring, how much elastic potential energy is stored?

Answer 24

Provided that the spring is not inelastically deformed, the work done on the spring and the elastic potential energy stored are equal.

Question 25

What is the word equation for elastic potential energy?

Answer 25

elastic potential energy  = 0.5  × spring constant  × extension 2

Question 26

What does the graph look like of force against extension when forces are applied to a spring?

Question 27

How can the spring constant be extracted from a force extension graph?

Answer 27

The spring constant is equal to the gradient of the graph.

Question 28

How can the elastic potential energy be extracted from this graph?

Answer 28

The area under the graph.

Question 29

In the required practical related to Hooke's Law, why should the extension of the spring be 0 m when no force is applied?

Answer 29

With no force applied, the spring is unstretched so has no extension. Any other value would be a measurement of length, not extension.