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Cows > Cows > Flashcards

Cows Flashcards

1
Q

Which virus has profound effect on mucosal lining of trachea

A

IBR

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2
Q

Which virus can cause 1* pneumonia

A

BRSV

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3
Q

Two toxins involved in M. hemolytica type 1

A

Leukotoxin

Endotoxin

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4
Q

Leukotoxin plays what role in the pathogenesis of pneumonic pasteurellosis

A

Block opsonization

Chemotaxis of neutrophils

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5
Q

What causes inspiratory dyspnea

A

Diaphragmatic paralysis
Reduced fxnl lung volume
Upper airway obstruction

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6
Q

What characterized cardiac tamponade

A

Distended jugular veins

Small jugular pulse (weak pulse)

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7
Q

What is the most effective way to reduce blood K

A

Glucose

Insulin

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8
Q

What can be said about the heart during hypocalcemia

A

Rapid

Soft/weak

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9
Q

Presenting sign of high alttude dz

A

Brisket edema

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10
Q

Most common cardiac defect in cattle

A

VSD

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11
Q

Why are dairies decreasing in number

A

High feed and labor costs

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12
Q

How does BST (bovine somatotropin) increase milk production

A

Sends more lactose to mammary gland

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13
Q

Max bacterial amount in grade A milk

A

100,000

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14
Q

Abx illegal in lactating dairy cows

A

Chloramphenicol

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15
Q

Max SCC for grade B milk? Bacteria?

A

750,000

Bacteria: 1,00,000

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16
Q

2 issues with dry lot dairy

A

Heat stress from humidity

Loss of bicarb from salivating –> metabolic acidosis

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17
Q

Length of normal dry period

A

60d

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18
Q

Length of normal lactation

A

305d

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19
Q

Name one health issue in total confinement dairies

A

Infectious claw dz (hairy foot warts)

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20
Q

What can happen from having too much long fiber in a ration

A

They eat around it and eat all the grain –> rumen acidosis

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21
Q

What is considered one of the main health problems in camelids and goats

A

Heamonchus

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22
Q

Normal resting HR in cow

A

50-80bpm

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23
Q

What parasites cause D in camelids

A

Telodorsagia
Trichostrongylus
COCCIDIA (eimeria)

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24
Q

How much does a cow eat on a DMB

A

2-3% of her BW

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25
Define NDF
Neutral detergent fiber Measures most structural components in plant cells (lignin, hemicellulos, cellulos) NOT pectin though
26
Define ADF
Acid detergent fiber | The least digestible fiber part of forage and roughage
27
What pathological process is present in this image
Lung consolidation (picture of hyperechoic spots)
28
Lung condition due to lush pasture
Fog fever High tryptophan
29
One reason dairy cows are culled
Unproductive cow
30
2 main ingredients of TMR
Grain and silage
31
Desired length and width of free stall for comfort
9.6x4.1
32
How to confirm thin soles
Hoof testers
33
Foot problem due to manure accumulation
Infectious foot dz | in horses, thrush
34
How to control foot problems in dairy
Foot baths Cu or formaldehyde
35
What is component or slug feeding
grain and forage fed separately --> fed a lot of grain
36
Lesion in image means
Comet tails | Small areas of edema and interstitial fibrosis
37
Atrophic rhinitis in pigs
Bordetella | P. multocida
38
"Red nose" etiology
IBR (herpes)
39
Cause of oral necrobacillosis
F. necrophorum
40
Predisposing cause of necrobacillosis
Overcrowding | Poor hygiene
41
Bacteria that cause pharyngeal abscesses
C. psuedotuberculosis Trueperella pyogenes F. necrophorum
42
80/20 rule
20% of population has 80% of the worms
43
Refugia definition
Balance between resistance and susceptibility in a population (to meds) Smart drenching is for this
44
FAMACHA scores you should deworm with
3-5
45
What % reduction should be achieved on fecal egg count to indicate no resistance
95%
46
What vax should be included/routine in camelids
Clostridium C and D
47
2 signs for molar floatation in camelids
Quidding Feed retention Bulge in cheeks
48
Condition that results from high lignin content
Omasum impaction --> abomasal impaction
49
2 fxns of primary cycle
Mix (ferment) Absorb (VFA) Empty
50
Condition that --> pasty, semi-liquid stool
Ileus
51
Absence of 1* cycle and lack of VFA results in
Ketosis
52
Methane blue reduction test
Measures viable rumen bacteria
53
2 color changes in rumen fluid
Milky gray --> rumen acidosis | Brown --> rumen alkalosis
54
Sx approach for camelid castration
Pre scrotal
55
External sign seen in alpaca with heat stress
Pre-scrotal edema
56
Drugs for sedation/ax in camelids for castration
Xylazine Torb Ketamine
57
Stage of pregnancy to dx in camelids
60d
58
Common alpaca mites
Psoroptes --> ears | Chorioptes --> feet
59
Routine vax in alpacas
Clostridium C and D
60
Why does rumen become alkaline with rumen failure
No VFAs -->imbalance between saliva and VFAs -->
61
How does anorexia lead to fermentation failure
No mixing --> microbes not fed --> die and release nitrogen --> alkaline
62
What factors do you consider when transferring rumen fluid
Warm Do it within 4 hours (quickly)
63
A cow with fermentation failure has muscle fasciculations. What lyte is involved
K (hypoK)
64
Metabolic process that prevents/tx ketosis due to rumen failure
Gluconeogenesis
65
How do pain, fever, and endotoxemia
Neg feedback inhibits medulla
66
What VFA is main precursor to glucose in body
Proprionic acid
67
What VFA is fermented to make surge of proprionic acid at pH 5.5
Lactic acid
68
What does 2* surge in proprionic acid result in
Trigycerides
69
One ddx for sheep stargazing
Cerebral cortical necrosis
70
Cause of hemorrhagic bowel syndrome
Clostridium perfrnges type A
71
Pathological change characteristic of clostridium
Hemorrhagic enterocolitis
72
What neuro condition is associated wit SARA (sub acute rumenal acidosis)
Cerebral cortical necrosis
73
Role of thiamine
Kreb's cycle
74
How does SARA affect thiamine
Bacteria produce thiaminases, like acidic environ. So SARA --> thiaminase
75
Pathological effect of perilla mint
Emphysematous bullae (atypical pneumonia)
76
Condition caused by lush gras
Fog fever
77
How to tell if positive ballotment of L flank is rumen or abomasum?
Ping test on rumen
78
Teat ulcers caused by
Leaky teat liners --> air emboli
79
Problem with Cu sulfate foot bath
Environmental/disposal
80
How much IgG in good colostrum
50g/L
81
Name good tx for E mac (eimeria macusaniences)
Ponazuril
82
Common cause of cown camelid
MENINGEAL WORM | Heat stroke
83
How does amprolium predispose to cerebrocortical necrosis
Thiamine analog --> displaces thiamine

Cows (1 decks)

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