COVID-19 prevention Flashcards
What are evidence based non-pharm measures to prevent Covid-19 spread?
- avoiding close contact with others
- Wearing a mask indoor public places (N95 preferred)
- Avoiding crowds and poorly ventilated spaces
- If symptoms suggestive of Covid-19 occur, staying home from others and getting tested for SARS-CoV-2
- Asymptomatic testing (AKA screening) can also decrease risk for tranmission where sufficient testing resources exist - students, faculty and staff in school, employees in workplace, persons prior to or after travel
- Public health surveillance
- Cleaning hands often
- Covering coughs and sneezes
- Cleaning and disinfecting frequently touched surfaces daily
- monitoring health
Which has the highest efficacy for Covid-19 vaccines:
A. protecting against severe disease
B. protecting against symptomatic infection
C. Aginst contracting infection
A. PROTECTING AGAINST SEVERE DISEASE
B. protecting against symptomatic infection - moderate efficacy
C. Against contracting infection - Lowest efficacy
What affects the efficacy of vaccination?
- The vaccine product used
- Interval between doses
- time since most recent dose
- Circulating strains
- Age and health status of the recipient as well as their prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination hx
Describe the proportion of vaccination of Canadians with primary series, vs. additional doses?
While the proportion of Canadians vaccinated with a primary series is high, the proportion who have received at least one additional dose has plateaued at a much lower level.
What is the most important thing to communicate to patients regaring Covid-19 vaccination?
It is important to be clear with communicating expectations from vaccination - it may not prevent infection altogether, but it is a very effective strategy to prevent severe infection, which is the most significant and worrisome outcome.
What are the Health Canada Approved COVID-19 vaccines for 2024-2025 vaccine season
What are the NACI recommendation for fall 2024-2025 vaccine season?
Beginning in the fall of 2024, NACI recommends the following for the use of the most recently updated COVID-19 vaccines:
COVID-19 vaccination is strongly recommended for previously vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe COVID-19 disease as follows:
All adults 65 years of age or older
Those 6 months of age and older who are:
Residents of long-term care homes and other congregate living settings
Individuals with underlying medical conditions that place them at higher risk
of severe COVID-19, including children with complex health needs
Individuals who are pregnant
Individuals in or from First Nations, Métis and Inuit communities
Members of racialized and other equity-deserving communities
People who provide essential community services
All other previously vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals (6 months of age and older) who are not at increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe COVID-19 disease (i.e., not on the list above) may receive the most recently updated vaccine in the fall of 2024.
For previously vaccinated individuals, the recommended interval is 6 months from the last COVID-19 dose, with a minimum interval of 3 months from the last dose. This minimum interval will ensure that those who receive a spring 2024 dose (i.e., those at increased risk for severe disease) will be eligible again for an updated fall 2024 vaccine when it becomes available.
What are the NACI recommendations regarding interval since last dose of Covid-19 vaccine?
For previously vaccinated individuals, the recommended interval is 6 months from the last COVID-19 dose, with a minimum interval of 3 months from the last dose. This minimum interval will ensure that those who receive a spring 2024 dose (i.e., those at increased risk for severe disease) will be eligible again for an updated fall 2024 vaccine when it becomes available.
Summarize the primary series vaccine recommendations for the following groups who are not immunocompromised with the most recent vaccine Kp.2:
1. 6 months old to 5 years
2. 5-11 years
3. 12 years and older
6months to under 5 years - 2 doses of moderna spikevax at 25mcg/dose - interval = 8 weeks
5 to 11 - 1 dose of moderna spikevax at 25mcg/dose
12 years and older - 1 dose of
a. 50mcg moderna spikevax
b. 30mcg pfizer-biotech comirnaty
c. 5 mcg novavax nuvaxovid
a. See text under Schedule for the primary series regarding individuals who started but did not complete a primary series with a vaccine that was not a JN.1/KP.2 formulation.
b For individuals with recent SARS-CoV-2 infection, these are also the suggested intervals between SARS-COV-2 infection and receiving doses in a primary series of COVID-19 vaccine.
c. For Novavax Nuvaxovid JN.1, 2 doses of vaccine are authorized as the primary series for those 12 years of age and over, however, for those in this age group who are not immunocompromised, 1 dose may be used in the primary series.
d. New recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy should be vaccinated with 3 doses, regardless of previous vaccination history, with 4 to 8 weeks between doses.
Summarize the primary series vaccine recommendations for the following groups** WHO ARE IMMUNCOMPROMISED** the most recent vaccine Kp.2:
1. 6 months old to 5 years
2. 5-11 years
3. 12 years and older
1.6 months to 5 years - 3 doses of 25mcg/dose moderna - interval of 4 to 8 weeks
2. 5-11 - two doses are recommended (25mcg/dose of moderna) and third may be offered if NEW RECIPIENT OF Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and chimeric antigen receptor t cell therapy should receive 3 doses regardless of previous vaccine history with 4 to 8 weeks between doses
3. 12+ - 2 doses and a third may offered (also for HSCT and CAR Tcell therapy) of 50mcg moderna, 30mcg pfizer and 5 mcg novavax
a. See text under Schedule for the primary series regarding individuals who started but did not complete a primary series with a vaccine that was not a JN.1/KP.2 formulation.
b For individuals with recent SARS-CoV-2 infection, these are also the suggested intervals between SARS-COV-2 infection and receiving doses in a primary series of COVID-19 vaccine.
c. For Novavax Nuvaxovid JN.1, 2 doses of vaccine are authorized as the primary series for those 12 years of age and over, however, for those in this age group who are not immunocompromised, 1 dose may be used in the primary series.
d. New recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy should be vaccinated with 3 doses, regardless of previous vaccination history, with 4 to 8 weeks between doses.
