Covalent Structures Flashcards

1
Q

What can all atoms that share electrons do?

A

Form macromolecules (giant structures)

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2
Q

What do atoms in a giant covalent structure have?

A

High melting points

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3
Q

Why do substances in giant covalent structures have high melting points?

A

As there are strong covalent bonds that require a lot of energy to break

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4
Q

Which 3 macromolecules do you need to know?

A

Diamond (form of carbon)
Graphite (form of carbon)
Silicon Dioxide (silica)

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5
Q

In diamond, how many bonds does a carbon atom form?

A

4

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6
Q

Why is diamond very hard?

A

As it is made of a giant covalent structure of carbon atoms

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7
Q

In graphite, how many bonds does a carbon atom form?

A

3, forming layers

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8
Q

Why is graphite soft and slippery?

A

As there are weak intermolecular forces between layers, so they can SLIDE OVER EACHOTHER

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9
Q

Why can graphite conduct electricity and heat?

A

As it has a delocalised electron, that can move through the layers

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10
Q

Why is graphite similar to metals?

A

It has delocalised electrons

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11
Q

What can carbon also form?

A

Fullerenes with different numbers of carbon atoms

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12
Q

What can fullerenes be used in?

A

Lubricants
Catalysts
Drug delivery into the body
Nanotubes for reinforcing materials (tennis rackets)

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13
Q

What is the general structure of fullerenes based on?

A

Hexagonal rings of carbon

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