Covalent Compounds Flashcards
Dispersion forces
Temporary attraction between molecules
Dipole-dipole interactions
Attraction between partially opposite charged atoms in polar molecules
Hydrogen bonds
strongest form of dipole-dipole interaction between H atoms and a F,O, or N atom
Order from weakest to strongest relative strength - Dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds, and dispersion forces
Dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds
Electronegativity
The ability of an atom to attract electrons outside the atom towards its valence shell
What are the two factors that affect the shape of a molecule?
- Number of atoms around the central atom
- number of lone pairs around the central atom
Linear
Two bonds - No lone electron pairs
Bent
Two Bonds - One or more lone electron pairs
Trigonal planar
Three bonds - No lone electron pairs
Tetrahedral
Four bonds - No lone electron pairs
Trigonal bipyramidal
Five bonds - No lone electron pairs
Polar bonds occur when…
there are different electronegativities
Non-polar bonds occur when…
electronegativity is the same
Intermolecular bonds
attraction between molecules
Intramolecular bonds
covalent bonds within molecules
