Covalent Bonding Flashcards
What is the bond enthalpy?
The energy required to break a mole of bonds.
When is a covalent bond formed?
When atomic orbitals overlap to form a molecular orbital (a region in space between nuclei where there is a high probability of finding electrons). When a molecular orbital is formed, it creates a covalent bond.
What happens as electro negativity increases?
Bonds become more polar and there’s a greater ionic character
What are lone pairs? Give e.g.s of compounds with these.
Non bonding pairs of electrons. E.g. Water and ammonia
How do you count the no. of electron pairs?
Calc the number of outer electrons from the central atom and add on 1 electron from the bonded atom per atom then divide by two
What is a dative covalent bond?
When both the shared electrons making up a covalent bond comes from the same atom. E.g. Ammonia + H^+
What are resonance structures? Give e.g.s
When it is possible to draw more than one equivalent Lewis dot diagram for a single structure. E.g. Ozone
What is the maximum degree of electron repulsion?
180
