Courtney Pine - Back in the Day Flashcards
Who is Courtney Pine?
Modern British Jazz musician
When was ‘Back in the Day’ released?
Album was released 2000
What styles are used in this album?
Modern styles fused with american modern jazz
What influences are in this album?
Reggae influences - from Jamaican parents
Hip hop influences - rap and turntable
American jazz influences- Miles Davis, John Coltrane and Sonny Rollins
Give 3 points for context for Lady Day and John Coltrane (LDAJC)
- Cover of Gil Scott-Heron.
- Pays tribute to 20th-century jazz performers Billie holiday and Coltrane.
- Blues and soul-influenced.
Give 3 points for context on Inner State of Mind (ISOM)
- Original composition
- Jazz and hip-hop (rap, sampling, turntable)
- Tributes to ‘Summertime’ and ‘So What’
Give 3 points on context for Love and Affection (LAA)
- Cover of 1970’s Caribbean-British Joan Armatrading’s song (common thing to do with jazz music)
- This version is more pop
- Aspects of rock and R&B
Who sings in LDAJC?
Blues/soul singer Lyden David Hall
What instrument has a solo in LDAJC?
There is a jazz saxophone solo
Name 3 techniques used in the jazz saxophone solo in LDAJC.
- Glissandi
- Note bending
- Chromatic runs
Name 2 extended techniques used in the jazz saxophone solo in LDAJC.
- Multiphonics
- Slap tonguing
What technique is used in the guitar in the chorus of LDAJC?
Wah-wah pedal in choruses.
Who sings in ISOM?
Jazz singer Eska Mtunwezi
What type of sax does Courtney Pine play in ISOM?
Soprano sax
Who sings the backing vocals in LAA?
London Community Gospel Choir
How is the guitar utilised in LAA.
- Guitar is distorted
- played with tremolo
What 2 instruments does pine play in LAA and why?
- Tenor saxophone
- Bass clarinet
- He is a multi-instrumentalist
What is used in the backings along with the London Community Gospel choir?
Synth strings
Give an overall summary of the structure of LDJAC.
Intro
Verse
Chorus
verse
chorus
extended sax solo
verse
chorus
extended outro/coda
3 points of what happens in the intro of LDAJC (bars 1-4)
Turn table effects
leads to fast rock tempo
vocal melisma uses blue note (flattened fifth)
4 points of what happens in the 1st verse of LDAJC (bars 5-20)
- 8 bars on tonic C7(#9) for vocalist and rhythm section.
- Short sax fills
-blues subdominant for 4 bars then back to tonic for 8
- keyboard vibrato as set like Hammond organ
2 points of what happens in the 1st chorus of LDAJC (bars 21-36)
- Faster harmonic rhythm to dominant (but Gm) and subdominant
- faster harmonic rhythm with chromatic 7th chords descent
3 points of what happens in 2nd verse and chorus of LDAJC
- end with a second time bar which is a link to the sax solo
- additional backing vocals mostly in 5ths
- saxophone slow lip vibrato
5 points on the extended sax-solo LDAJC
- Improvised
- pitch bend
- High tessitura
- slides
- ends with long rapid descending chromatic scale
What are the harmonic progressions in the extended sax solo LDAJC?
C7(#9) - Eb7 - Ab7 - G+7, DS
what happens after the extended sax solo LDAJC?
The verse and chorus are repeated and then to coda
4 points that happen in extended outro/coda LDAJC
- Improvised vocals
- low tessitura sax counterpoint
- ostinato three sequence
- Mutliphonics and slap tonguing
what chord is there a paused on at bar 129 of the extended outro/coda LDAJC
Bbm7(add4)
What is the metre of LDAJC
- 4/4
- except for 2/4 bar 122
What is the tempo of LDAJC and what creates momentum?
160 bpm and fast drums groove filtered give high frequency for momentum.
List 4 types of rhythms used in LDAJC?
- Syncopation
- Dotted rhythms
- Triplets
- Sextuplets
What are the rhythms used in LDAJC fairly typical of?
- Jazz
What is the texture in LDAJC?
- Mainly melody dominated homophony
- some counter-point between sax and voice
- stop time
What harmonic device is used in the choruses of LDAJC?
Wah-wah pedal
What is played in contrary motion to guitar in bar 75 LDAJC
descending chromatic bassline - contrary motion with guitar
Give a summary of the structure of ISOM
Instrumental introduction
Vocals
Rap
Vocals
Rap
Vocals
Instrumental outro
6 points for instrumental introduction bars 1-9 in ISOM
- Starts acapella 2-4 part harmony of four crotchet rising idea THEN MDH
- sax improvised syncopation
- distorted guitar sample
- rock drum beat
- dorian mode on C and blues notes
- Occasional slide up to notes
What ornementation is used in the instrumental introduction of ISOM
Grace notes
3 points about 1st vocal section bars 10-21 ISOM
- Summertime theme but no real change to subdominant
- fuller harmony in bar 18 with C7(#9)
- Cm-F with extensions
2 points about 1st rap section bars 22-35 ISOM
- Chords from beginning to accompany rap
- sax improvisation
5 points about 2nd returning vocal section bars 36-53 ISOM
- Sumertime theme varied
- turntables
- crotchet rising figure interrupts at bar 44
- bar 46-47 blue notes and multitracked backing vocals
- Vocal solo dissolves into jazz scat singing at bar 52
4 points about 2nd returning rap section bar 54-71
ISOM
- improvised flute bars and improvised sax
- rap over Cm7-F-Cm7-Dm7 now
- Occasional vocal phrases
Homorhythmic tutti instrumental link at bar 70 (parallel movement but intervals vary)
6 points about 3rd vocal section bars 72-93 ISOM
- Summertime varied
- more scatting
- some turntables
- long rising glissando
- sax pitch bend (rhapsody in blue)
-crotchet vocal phrase from beginning
4 points of instrumental outro bars 94-end ISOM
- Long sax improvisation (scalic)
- ‘na na’ free vocal improvisation
- pentatonic guitar riffs
- long high sax trill on 9th at end (reverb)
What is the tempo of ISOM?
114bpm
What is the metre of ISOM?
4/4 throughout
What is the metre of ISOM?
4/4 throughout
How is rhythm used in ISOM make 4 points.
- Crotchet title hook
- syncopation
-homorhythm
- variation of sax rhythms (quintuplets, sextuplets and semibreves)
Describe the melody in ISOM
- melody is conjunct and disjunct
- intervals in summertime idea vary each time
Make two points about the texture of ISOM
- Starts acapella in 2-4 part harmony then becomes melody dominated homophony
- Some polyphony - e.g. vocals and guitar in outro, lead and backing vocals
