Court Terms Flashcards
1
Q
Abatement of Action
-a suit which has been set aside
A
Cesación de Acción
-un pleito que ha sido anulado, concluido o terminado
2
Q
Abduction
A
Secuestro
3
Q
Abrogate
-repel or cancel an old law using another law or constitutional power
A
Abrogar
-revocar o cancelar una ley antigua usando otra ley o poder constitucional
4
Q
Abstract
-summary of what a court or government agency does; in traffic, a document that is sen to the department of motor vehicles to update driving record
A
Resumen
-sumario de lo que hace un tribunal o agencia; en trafico, un documento que es enviado al DMV para poner al dia el expediente de manejo de la persona
5
Q
Abstract of Judgement
-summary of the court’s final decision. can be used as a lien if you file it with the county recorder
A
Resumen de Juicio o Fallo
-sumario de la decision final del tribunal. puede ser usado como un gravamen si es archivado con el registro del condado
6
Q
Abstract of Record
-short form of the case
A
Sinopsis de Registro
-version breve del caso
7
Q
Abuse
- immoderate or improper use
- to do physical, sexual, or psychological harm to someone
A
Abuso
- excesivo o inapropiado uso
- hacerle dano fisica, sexual, o psicologicamente a alguien
8
Q
- 03 PC Motion
- Request to cancel, modify, change or terminate probation
A
Moción CP 1203.03
-Solicitud para cancelar, modificar, cambiar, o terminar la libertad condicional
9
Q
- 4 PC MOTION
- request to take back guilty plea or set aside a guilty verdict, and dismiss the accusations or information (made after probation ends)
A
Moción CP 1203.4
-solicitud para retractar un alegato de culpabilidad o revocar un veredicto de culpabilidad, y rechazar las acusaciones o la informacio.
10
Q
- 6 PC MOTION
- request to disqualify the assigned judge from hearing a matter
A
Moción PC 170.6
- solicitud para descalificar al juez asignado para conocer un caso
11
Q
995 PC MOTION
-request made by a defendant to dismiss a count of information
A
Moción CP 995
-solicitud hecha por el acusado para revocar cargos en su contra
12
Q
Abandonment
-when a parent leaves a child w/o enough care, supervision, support, or parental contact for an excessive period of time
A
Abandono
- cuando un padre deja a un hijo sin suficiente cuidado, supervision, o contacto paternal por un periodo excesivo de tiempo
13
Q
Abate
-to put an end to; cancel out
A
Cesar
-finalizar, cancelar
14
Q
Abuse of Process
-misuse of the power of the court
A
Abuso del Proceso
-abuso de poder del tribunal
15
Q
Accessory
-a person who helps someone else commit a crime, either before or after the crime
A
Accesorio
-una persona que ayda a alguien a cometer un delito, antes o depues del delito
16
Q
Accident & Misfortune
-an unintentional event; unforeseen event causing misfortune
A
Accidente y Desgracia
-un evento involuntario; un evento inprevisto que causa desgracias
17
Q
Accomplice
-a person that helps someone else commit a crime (purpose or not)
A
Cómplice
-una persona que ayuda a alguien a cometer un delito
18
Q
Accord
-a satisfaction agreed upon between the parties in a lawsuit, which prevents further actions after the claim
A
Acuerdo
-un acuerdo satisfactorio para las partes en un juicio, lo que impide tomar medidas adicionales depues de la demanda
19
Q
Accord and Satisfaction
-agreement by the parties to settle a claim or dispute in which the parties typically agree to give or accept something
A
Acuerdo y Satisfacción
-un acuerdo entre los interesados para resolver una demanda o disputa en la cual las partes tipicamente se ponen de acuerdo para dar o acepar algo
20
Q
Accrual
-the total amount of child support payments that are owed or that are late
A
Acumulación
- la suma total de los pagos de sustento de menores que se debe o esta en retraso
21
Q
Accusation
-a formal charge against a person
A
Acusación
-un cargo formal contra una persona
22
Q
Accused
A
Acusado
23
Q
Acknowledgment
-saying, testifying, or assuring that something is true
A
Admisión
- declarar, dar testimonio, o asegurar que algo es verdadero
24
Q
Acknowledgement of Satisfaction of Judgement
-a court form that the person who wins the case must fill out, sign, and file with the court when the judgement is fully paid.
A
Admisión de Satisfacción con un Dictamen o Fallo
-
25
Acquit
- to legally free of innocence of a person charged with a crime
Absolver
-declarar legalmente la inocencia de una persona acusada de un delito
26
Acquittal
-when a judge or jury find a person is not guilty
Absolución
- cuando un juez o jurado determina qeu una persona es inocente
27
Action
-in court, when a person sues someone to defend a right
Acción
-en un tribunal, cuando una persona demanda a otra para defender un derecho
28
Action in Personam
-proceeding against the person for the recovery of a specific object, usually an item of personal property such as an automobile
Acción en Persona
-proceder contra la persona para la recuperacion de un objeto especifico, usualmente un articlo de propiedad como un auto
29
Action in REM
-proceeding "against the thing"as compared to personal actions. usually a proceeding where property is involved
Acción en REM
-proceder "contra el objeto" en comparacion a las acciones personales. usualmente un proceso en el que alguna propiedad esta involucrada
30
Active Status
-a case that is in court but not settled
Estado Activo
31
Actual Loss
- showing that the injured party has undergone some loss of property by fraud
Pérdida Real
32
AD LITEM
-comes from the Latin meaning "purpose of lawsuit". for example, a guardian ad litem is a person assigned by the court to protect the interest of a minor or legally incompetent person in a lawsuit
AD LITEM
33
Add-on
Añadir
-se refiere a un asunto adicional que ha sido agregado a un calendario especifico despues de la preparacion inicial de la calendario
34
Addendum
-a thing added or to be added
Añadido
35
Addiction
Adicción
36
Additur
-the power of a trial court to increase the amount of an award of money to one party made by jury verdict, as a condition of denial of motion by new trial. the defendant must consent to the increased money award, the plaintiff need not consent
Incremento
37
Adhesion Contracts
-contract where one party has no real choice as to its terms
Contrato de adhesión
- contrato en el que una de las partes no tiene en realidad eleccion en cuanto a los termino del mismo
38
Adjournment
-to put off a court hearing until another time or place
Suspensión
- aplazar una audencia juridica para otro momento o lugar
39
Adjudicate
-when a judge hears or decides a case
Adjudicar
-cuando un juez conoce y decide un caso
40
Adjudication
- judge's decision in a case or action
Adjudicación
-la decision del juez en un caso o accion
41
ADMIN PER SE
-latin meaning, "by itself, inherently." Requires the DMV to automatically suspend or cancel the driver's lisence of a driver whose blood alcohol content measures more than .08%, or who refuses to take a test to measure his/her blood alcohol level.
ADMIN PER SE
- De latin que significa "por si mismo, inherente"... el DMV suspende la lisencia
42
Administer
- to manage
- taking a drug by injection, inhalation, ingestion, or any other means, to the body for that persons's inmediate needs
Administrar
- controlar
- administrar una droga al cuerpo por la necesidad de la persona
43
Administrative Procedure
-the way an executive government agency makes and enforces support orders without going to court
Procedimiento Administrativo
- la manera en que una agencia de gobierno ejecutiva hace cumplir las ordenes de sustento sin ir a un tribunal
44
Administrative Review or "AR"
-a review of the welfare of a child in long– term foster care by a panel of people selected by the state Department of Health & Human Services (DHHS). The review is conducted at least once a year, in place of a 6– month placement hearing by the Court. The panel reviews a report from DHHS. The review is open to the parents of the child, parents’ attorney and child’s attorney.
Revisión Administrativa
45
Administrator
- man who represents the estate of a person who dies without a will
- court official
Administrador
- la persona que representa el patrimonio de un individuo que muere sin testamento
- un oficial de la corte
46
Administratrix
-woman who represents the estate of a person who dies without a will
Administradora
-mujer que representa el patrimonio de un individuo que muere sin un testamento
47
Admissible
-pertinent and proper to be considered in reaching a decision
Admisible
- pertinente y apropiado para llegar a una decision
48
Admissible Evidence
Evidencia Admisible
49
Admission
-saying certain facts are true; but not saying you are guilty
Admisión
-decir que ciertos datos son veridicos sin decir que eres culpable
50
Admonish
-to warm, advise, or scold
Amonestar
-advertir, aconsejar o prevenir
51
Admonition
-advice or caution by the court to jury respecting their duty or conduct as jurors, and the purpose for which evidence may be considered
Advertencia
52
Admonition to jurors
Advertencia al jurado
53
Adoption
Adopción
54
Adoptive Admission
-action by a party that communicates agreement with the statements of another person.
Admisión Adoptiva
55
Adversary System
-the system of trial practice in the United States and some other countries in which each of the opposing (or "adversary") parties has the opportunity to present and establish opposing positions before the court.
Sistema Adversario
-el sistema de práctica de juicios que se ejerce en los Estados Unidos y en otros países en los cuales cada una de las partes que están opuestas (o son adversarias) tiene la oportunidad de presentar y establecer posiciones opuestas frente al tribunal.
56
Adverse Witness
-a person called to testify for the other side
Testigo Adverso
-una persona llamada a testificar para el otro lado de los litigantes
57
Affiant
-a person who makes and signs an affidavit
Declarante
-una persona que escribe y firma una declaracion fimada
58
Affidavit
-a written statement that someone swears to under oath in front of someone that is legally authorized, like a judge or notary public
Declaración Juramentada
59
Affirmation
-when an apellate court says that the lower court's decision was right
Afirmación
-cuando un tribunal de apelacion declara qeu la decision del tribunal inferior fue correcta
60
Affirmative Defense
-when a defendant or person responding to a civil case has a reason that would make him or her "not guilty" or not at fault and gives the court new evidence to prove that. The defense has to prove what it says (called BURDEN OF PROOF). The defense has to explain this defense in their ANSWER.
Defensa Afirmativa
-when a defendant or person responding to a civil case has a reason that would make him or her "not guilty" or not at fault and gives the court new evidence to prove that. The defense has to prove what it says (called BURDEN OF PROOF). The defense has to explain this defense in their ANSWER.
61
Affirmed
Afirmado
62
After Acquired Intent
-when the defendant did not intend to commit a crime until after the crime had been committed
Intento Adquirido Después del Hecho
-cuando un acusado no intentaba cometer un delito hasta despues de que el delito se habia cometido
63
Agent
-someone who has the authority to act for another
Agente
-alguien que tiene la autoridad para actuar por otra
64
Agency
-one person acts for or rep. another by authority.
Agencia
65
Aggravation
-circumstances that may be considered as magnifying, or adding to, the degree of punishment
Agravante
66
Aggravated Arson
-deliberately setting fire with specific intent to cause injury or damage structures where defendant has been previously convicted of arson, the damage exceeds $5m, or at least 5 residences were damaged.
Incendio Agravado
-intencionalmente encender fuego con intento específico de lastimar o causar daño a estructuras cuando el acusado ha sido previamente declarado culpable de incendio premeditado, el daño excede $5m, o por lo menos 5 residencias fueron afectadas.
67
Aggravated Battery
-unlawful use of force against another such as using a dangerous weapon
Agresión Grave
-ilicito uso de fuerza contra otro individuo como por ejemplo usando un arma peligrosa
68
Body Attachment
- a written order issued by a court directing a peace officer to take custoy of someone and bring them before court
Orden de Arresto Físico
-orden escrita por el tribunal pidiendo a un oficial del orden publico el arresto de una perona y su comparecencia ante el tribunal
69
Birfurcation Motion
- a request to change the order in which issues are heard at trial
Moción de Bifurcación
-una solicitud para cambiar el orden en que los asuntos son conocidos en el tribunal
70
Benefit of the Bargain Rule
-rule which provides that a person may recover the diff. between the actual value of the property and the value that was presented
Beneficion de la Regla de Negociación
- regla que provee que una persona puede recuperar la dif. entre el valor real de una propiedad y el valor que fue presentado
71
Behavior Intervention Plan
-plan made by local edu. agency to try and change the behavior of destructive kid
Plan de Intervención de Conducta
- plan hecho por la agencia local de educacion como parte de un programa educativo individualizado, para cambiar el comportamiento de estudiantes que son destructivos
72
Bar Examination
- a state examination that is taken in order to be admitted and licensed to practice law
Examen de Abogacía
-un examen estatal tomado para ser admitido y autorizado para ejercer leyes
73
Bail Review
-a hearing established to re-evaluate the bail amount that was originally set for the accused
Revisión de Fianza
-una audencia establecida para revaluar la fianza que originalmente fue establecida para el acusado
74
Bail Exoneration
- when you get your bail back. Or when a bail bondsman or insurace company isnt responible for your bail anymore
Exoneración de Fianza
-cuando se regresa una fianza.
75
Backlog
- all the cases that havent been settled or decided in the time the law says they shoud be
Acumulación
-todos los casos que no han sido resueltos o decididos dentro del tiempo que declara la ley
76
Audit
-when records or accounts are loooked at to chech that they are right and complete
Auditoría
-cuando registros o cuentas son revisados para determinar si estan correctos y completos
77
Attest
-to witness, to affirm to be true or genuine, to certify
Atestiguar
-presenciar, afirmar que algo es veridico o autentico, certificar
78
Assumption of Risk
-a defense to a lawsuit for personal injury
Presunción de Riesgo
-defensa en un litigio por danos personales
79
Assignment
-choosing someone to do something
Asignación
80
Arrest
-the legal capture of a person who is charged with a crime
Arresto
- la captura legal de una persona que ha sido acusada de un crimen
81
Appellee
- a person that answers an appeal in higher court
Apelado
-una persona que contesta una apelacion en un tribunal de apelaciones
82
Appearance
- going to court or a legal paper that says you will participate in the court process
Comparecencia
- ir a un tribunal o un documento legal que declara que la persona participara en el proceso judicial
83
Annual Review
-yearly judicial review
Revisión Annual
-revision judicial anual
84
Allocution
-defendant's statement to try to reduce punishment
Alocucíon
-declaracion del acusado hecha para tratar de reducir el castigo
85
Allege
-to say, declare, or charge that something is true even though it is not proved yet
Alegar
-decir, declarar o afirmar que algo es verdadero aunque no haya sido comprobado
86
Aggravated Mayhem
-causing permanent disability or disfigurament with specific intent to cause injury and with extreme indifference to well-being of other person
Mutilación Criminal Agravada
-causar incapacidad o desfiguracion con intento especifico de hacer dano y con indiferencia por el bienestar de la otra persona
87
Body Attachment
-a written order issued by a court directing a peace officer to take custody of someone and bring them before the court: 1) a witness who fails to comply with a subponea, 2) a party who fails to comply with a court order in a civil action, or 3) a material witness in a crime case
Ordén de Arresto Físicodre a
- orden escrita por el tribunal pidiendo a un oficial del orden publico el arresto de una persona y su comparecencia ante el tribunal
88
Brady Motion
-a motion made by defense when they believe the District Attorney has not turned over exculpatory and material evidenc
Moción Brady
-mocion hecha por la defensa cuando cree que el fiscal del distrito no ha entregado evidencias exculpatorias o relevantes
89
Bribe
- a gift, not neccessarily of monetary value, given to influence the conduct of the recievr
Cohecho o Soborno
90
California Rules of Court
Reglas de los Tribunales de California
91
Capital Punishment
-punishment by death
Pena de Muerte
92
Case Law
-law made by earlier decisions in similar cases
Precedentes
-leyes creadas por previas decisiones en casos similares
93
Caveat
-a warning; a note of caution
Advertencia
-un aviso; una nota de cautela
94
Certiorari
-appeal to U.S. Supreme Court
Auto de Avocación
-apelacion a la suprema corte
95
Character Evidence
-evidence pertaining to whether a criminal defendant is a good or bad person
Prueba de Carácter
-evidencia que se refiere al caracter o reputacion de un acusado de delito penal
96
Child Abduction
-the offense of taking away a child by deceit and persuasion, or by violence
Secuestro de Niño
-el delito de llevarse a un nino usando engano y persuasion, o violencia
97
Circumstantial Evidence
-all evidence that is indirect. Testimony not based on actual personal knowledge or observation of the facts in dispute
Prueba Circunstancial
-toda evidencia que es indirecta. testimonio no basado en actual conocimiento personal u observacion sobre las pruebas disputadas
98
Citation
| -a court order or summons that tells a defendant what the charges are
Citación
-una orden de corte o convocatoria que informa al acusado de los cargos. tambien le informa que tiene que ir a la corte o pagar fianza
99
Civil Procedure
- the civil and process by which a civil case is tried and appealed, including the preparation for trial, the rules of evidence and trial court, and the procedure of pursuing appeals
Procedimiento Civil
-las reglas y procedimientos mediante las cuales un caso civil es precesado y apelado, incluyendo las preparaciones para el juicio, las reglas de evidencia y conducta en el tribunal, y el procedimiento para solicitar apelaciones
100
Class Action
-a lawsuit brought by one or more persons on behalf of a larger group
Acción de Clase
-una demanda presentada por una o mas personas en nombre de un grupo mayor
101
Clerk's Transcript
-those pleadings, minute orders, affidavits, written opinions of the Court, trial exhibits, etc, designated by the attorneys which have been filed during the course of the litigation process are put together with the appeal documents and collectively from the Clerk's Transcript
Transcripción del Secretario del Tribunal
- los alegatos, minutas, declaraciones juramentadas, opiniones escritas por el tribunal, pruebas instrumentales, etc, designados por los abogados que han sido presentados en el curso del proceso de litigio y se ponen junto con los documentos de apelacion y colectivamente son designados como la Transcripcion del secretario del tribunal.
