Court Cases - Law Enforcement

Question 1

Spinelli v. United States (1969)

Answer 1

Informants tips are not enough to provide a basis for probable cause

Question 2

Illinois v. Gates (1983)

Answer 2

“Totality-of-the-circumstances” approach to probable cause was the correct one

Question 3

Mapp v. Ohio (1961)

Answer 3

All evidence obtained by searches and seizures in violation of the Fourth Amendment is inadmissible in a state court

Question 4

Won Sun v. United States (1963)

Answer 4

Verbal evidence collected during an illegal search cannot be used in court*

Question 5

Nix v. Williams (1984)

Answer 5

Inevitable discovery exception to the exclusionary rule

Question 6

Terry v. Ohio (1968)

Answer 6

Searches for weapons (pat downs) are allowed under the 4th amendment

Question 7

Minnesota v. Dickerson (1993)

Answer 7

During a pat down, if an officer can feel plainly that an item is contraband and it is not a weapon, it can be seized

Question 8

Florida v. Bostick (1991)

Answer 8

Searches on a bus are always unreasonable

Question 9

Schmerber v. California (1966)

Answer 9

The protection against self-incrimination applied specifically to compelled communications or testimony

Question 10

Cupp v. Murphy (1973)

Answer 10

Taking physical samples of a suspect without a warrant is not unconstitutional

Question 11

Wilson v. Arkansas (1995)

Answer 11

Police must knock and announce before entering a house to serve a warrant

Question 12

Chimel v. California (1969)

Answer 12

Police officers arresting a person at home could not search the entire home without a search warrant, but police may search the area within immediate reach of the person

Question 13

United States v. Robinson (1973)

Answer 13

In the case of a lawful custodial arrest a full search of the person is not only an exception to the warrant requirement of the Fourth Amendment, but is also a reasonable search under that Amendment

Question 14

Bumper v. North Carolina (1968)

Answer 14

Consent to a search must be freely and voluntary given

Question 15

Schneckloth v. Bustamonte (1973)

Answer 15

Consent searches are constitutional, and that the government must show that consent existed. However, a defendant, under the Fourth Amendment, need not necessarily know of his right to object to a consent search

Question 16

United States v. Ross (1982)

Answer 16

Searches of a cars are not a violation of the 4th amendment

Question 17

Maryland v. Wilson (1997)

Answer 17

Officer can order passengers out of their vehicle during a traffic stop

Question 18

Knowles v. Iowa (1998)

Answer 18

The Fourth Amendment prohibits a police officer from further searching a vehicle which was stopped for a minor traffic offense once the officer has written a citation for the offense

Question 19

Olmstead v.United States (1928)

Answer 19

Use of wiretapping does not violate 4th or 5th amendment rights

Question 20

Katz v. United States (1967)

Answer 20

Search warrant is needed to wiretap a public phone

Question 21

Tennessee v. Garner (1985)

Answer 21

The Fourth Amendment prohibits the use of deadly force unless it is necessary to prevent the escape of a fleeing felon and the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a significant threat of violence to the officer or the community

Question 22

Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

Answer 22

Made Miranda rights required (protection from self-incrimination, right to council, )

Question 23

Powell v. Alabama (1932)

Answer 23

Due process rights

Question 24

Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

Answer 24

Right to an attorney even if you cannot afford one

Question 25

Escobedo v. Illinois (1964)

Answer 25

Right to council during interrogations

Question 26

Weeks v. United States (1914)

Answer 26

Warrantless seizure of items from a private residence constitutes a violation of the Fourth Amendment