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Politics A Level - USA > Court Cases > Flashcards

Court Cases Flashcards

1
Q

Marbury v Madison
• Year
• Ruling

A

1803

Gave the supreme court the power of judicial review

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2
Q

Korematsu v US
• Year
• Ruling

A

1944

Allowed detainment of Japanese Americans in detainment camps after pearl harbour

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3
Q

Brown v Board of Education
• Year
• Ruling

A

1954

Ruled that facilities founded on the principle of ‘separate but equal’ violated the 14th. Started desegregation

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4
Q

Engel v Vitale
• Year
• Ruling

A

1962

Ruled school prayers unconstitutional

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5
Q

Gideon v Wainwright
• Year
• Ruling

A

1963

Ensured right to council in a trial

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6
Q

Miranda v Arizona
• Year
• Ruling

A

1966

Required law enforcement to inform ctizen of rights upon arrest

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7
Q

Roe v Wade
• Year
• Ruling

A

1973

Rule abortion as allowed under the 14th Amendment

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8
Q

US v Nixon
• Year
• Ruling

A

1974

Forced Nixon to hand over the tapes from the Watergate scandal

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9
Q

Gregg v Georgia
• Year
• Ruling

A

1976

Ruled the death penalty as legal - not cruel or unusual punishment

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10
Q

Buckley v Valeo
• Year
• Ruling

A

1976
Ruled people could contribute as much as they wanted to political campaigns due to first amendment but limited how much the candidate could contribute to their own campaign

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11
Q

Regents v Bakke
• Year
• Ruling

A

1978

Upheld affirmative action

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12
Q

Texas v Johnson
• Year
• Ruling

A

1989

Flag burning protected under the first amendment

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13
Q

Planned Parenthood v Casey
• Year
• Ruling

A

1992

Reaffirmed Roe v Wade but allowed for restrictions put in place by Pensylvania state

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14
Q

Clinton v Jones
• Year
• Ruling

A

1997
Started impeachment of Clinton. Ruled that president was not exempt from prosecution/removal from office for crime prior to taking office

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15
Q

Reno v ACLU
• Year
• Ruling

A

1997

Strikes down Communications Decency Act (aimed to protect minors from explicit online messaging) under the 1st

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16
Q

Bush v Gore
• Year
• Ruling

A

2000
Ruled that there would not be a recount on account of the hanging chads violated the constitution. Saw Bush win Florida and the election

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17
Q

Lawrence v Texas
• Year
• Ruling

A

2003

Struck down Texas sodomy law. Made homosexual sex legal in all states across the US

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18
Q

Gratz v Bollinger, Grutter v Bollinger
• Year
• Ruling

A

2003
Gratz - struck down credit system of AA
Grutter - maintained Affirmative Action being allowed

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19
Q

Ashcroft v ACLU
• Year
• Ruling

A

2004

Websites restricting access to certain online material for children violates freedom of speech

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20
Q

Hamdi v Rumsfeld
• Year
• Ruling

A

2004
Ruled that non-US citizens could be held indefinitely but if appealing and found not guilty of being an ‘enemy combatant’ would be eligible for due process

21
Q

Hudson v Michigan
• Year
• Ruling

A

2006

Allowed no-knock searches, demonstrates the court becoming more conservative with Alito replacing O’Connor

22
Q

Stenburg v Carhart
• Year
• Ruling

A

2007

Ruled Nebraska partial-birth abortion ban unconstitutional

23
Q

Gonzalez v Carhart
• Year
• Ruling

A

2007
Ruled the 2003 Partial Birth Abortion ban law passed by Congress was constitutional
First time that a ban on abortion in anyway was upheld by the court since Roe

24
Q

Morse v Frederick
• Year
• Ruling

A

2007

Ruled freedom of speech did not protect students promoting illegal drugs at school events from punishment

25
Q

DC v Heller
• Year
• Ruling

A

2008

Overturned a rule in DC that prevented the carrying of handguns

26
Q

Boumediene v Bush
• Year
• Ruling

A

2008

Ruled that Guantanamo detainees were allowed due process under the 5th Amendment

27
Q

Baze v Rees
• Year
• Ruling

A

2008

Ruled lethal injection a constitutional method of execution

29
Q

Salazar v Buono/ Town of Greece V Galloway
• Years
• Rulings

A

2010/2014
Allowed expansions of religious rights - first of cross memorial in public park and second allowing prayer at town hall meetings

30
Q

Citizens United v FEC
• Year
• Ruling

A

2010
First Amendment prohibits restrictions on independent expenditures for communications by nonprofit corporations, for-profit corporations, labour unions, and other associations. Reduced impacts of the BCRA

32
Q

Brown v Plata
• Year
• Ruling

A

2011

Ruled that crowding in California prisons was cruel and unusual (in violation of the 8th)

33
Q

Synder v Phelps
• Year
• Ruling

A

2011

Allowed the Westboro Baptist Church to picket and protest gay servicepeople’s funerals (Alito dissent)

34
Q

NFIB v Sebelius
• Year
• Ruling

A

2012

Ruled Obamacare/Affordable Care Act constitutional (as a tax, thus under Congresses’ enumerated powers

35
Q

McDonald v Chicago
• Year
• Ruling

A

2010

Gave the individual the right to bear arms under the constitution

36
Q

Shelby County v Holder
• Year
• Ruling

A

2013
Ruled section 5 of the Voting Rights Act unconstitutional. Since 9/15 states named in this section have since introduced voter registration laws

37
Q

Arizona v US
• Year
• Ruling

A

2012

Overturned key aspects of Arizona’s show papers laws (immigration)

38
Q

US v Windsor
• Year
• Ruling

A

2013

Ruled DoMA unconstituional

39
Q

McCutcheon v FEC
• Year
• Ruling

A

2014

Said FECA restrictions on campaign donations for a two-year cycle violated the 1st

40
Q

Burwell v Hobby Lobby
• Year
• Ruling

A

2014

Allowed for the denial of healthcare that covered contraception by employers who disapproved of it on religious grounds

41
Q

Riley v California
• Year
• Ruling

A

2014

Ruled it necessary to have a search warrant to seize mobile phone data under the 4th

42
Q

Schutte v Coalition to Defend
• Year
• Ruling

A

2014

Ruled states able to enshrine affirmative action into their state constitution

42
Q

Obergefell v Hodges
• Year
• Ruling

A

2015

Ruled same-sex marriage legal and required to be acknowledged across the USA

43
Q

King v Burwell
• Year
• Ruling

A

2015

States have the right to interpret ACA as they want to

44
Q

Fisher v Texas
• Year
• Ruling

A

2016

Affirmative Action to continue but can’t use quotas or credit

45
Q

Packingham v North Carolina
• Year
• Ruling

A

2017

Struck down North Carolina law preventing sex offenders using social media, 9-0

46
Q

Whole Women’s Health v Hellerstedt
• Year
• Ruling

A

2016

Overturned Texas laws that aimed to shut abortion clinics for not having equipment it was unlikely they could afford

47
Q

US v Carpenter
• Year
• Ruling

A

2018

Requires search warrant to search cellphone mast records

47
Q

Masterpiece Cake Shop v Colorado Civil Rights Commission
• Year
• Ruling

A

2018
Ruled that Colorado Civil Rights Commission violated the free to exercise clause of the 1st - case did not expand. IT DID NOT RULE WHETHER THE BAKERS WERE ALLOWED TO NOT BAKE THE CAKE

48
Q

Janus v AFSCME
• Year
• Ruling

A 
2018 
Overturned precedent (Abood v Detroit B.O.E) to undermine union power/ funds
49
Q

Gill v Whitford
• Year
• Ruling

A

2018

Returned Wisconsin gerrymandering case to lower courts (rather than come out partisan on gerrymandering)

Politics A Level - USA (8 decks)

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