Court Cases Flashcards
Marbury v Madison
• Year
• Ruling
1803
Gave the supreme court the power of judicial review
Korematsu v US
• Year
• Ruling
1944
Allowed detainment of Japanese Americans in detainment camps after pearl harbour
Brown v Board of Education
• Year
• Ruling
1954
Ruled that facilities founded on the principle of ‘separate but equal’ violated the 14th. Started desegregation
Engel v Vitale
• Year
• Ruling
1962
Ruled school prayers unconstitutional
Gideon v Wainwright
• Year
• Ruling
1963
Ensured right to council in a trial
Miranda v Arizona
• Year
• Ruling
1966
Required law enforcement to inform ctizen of rights upon arrest
Roe v Wade
• Year
• Ruling
1973
Rule abortion as allowed under the 14th Amendment
US v Nixon
• Year
• Ruling
1974
Forced Nixon to hand over the tapes from the Watergate scandal
Gregg v Georgia
• Year
• Ruling
1976
Ruled the death penalty as legal - not cruel or unusual punishment
Buckley v Valeo
• Year
• Ruling
1976
Ruled people could contribute as much as they wanted to political campaigns due to first amendment but limited how much the candidate could contribute to their own campaign
Regents v Bakke
• Year
• Ruling
1978
Upheld affirmative action
Texas v Johnson
• Year
• Ruling
1989
Flag burning protected under the first amendment
Planned Parenthood v Casey
• Year
• Ruling
1992
Reaffirmed Roe v Wade but allowed for restrictions put in place by Pensylvania state
Clinton v Jones
• Year
• Ruling
1997
Started impeachment of Clinton. Ruled that president was not exempt from prosecution/removal from office for crime prior to taking office
Reno v ACLU
• Year
• Ruling
1997
Strikes down Communications Decency Act (aimed to protect minors from explicit online messaging) under the 1st
Bush v Gore
• Year
• Ruling
2000
Ruled that there would not be a recount on account of the hanging chads violated the constitution. Saw Bush win Florida and the election
Lawrence v Texas
• Year
• Ruling
2003
Struck down Texas sodomy law. Made homosexual sex legal in all states across the US
Gratz v Bollinger, Grutter v Bollinger
• Year
• Ruling
2003
Gratz - struck down credit system of AA
Grutter - maintained Affirmative Action being allowed
Ashcroft v ACLU
• Year
• Ruling
2004
Websites restricting access to certain online material for children violates freedom of speech
Hamdi v Rumsfeld
• Year
• Ruling
2004
Ruled that non-US citizens could be held indefinitely but if appealing and found not guilty of being an ‘enemy combatant’ would be eligible for due process
Hudson v Michigan
• Year
• Ruling
2006
Allowed no-knock searches, demonstrates the court becoming more conservative with Alito replacing O’Connor
Stenburg v Carhart
• Year
• Ruling
2007
Ruled Nebraska partial-birth abortion ban unconstitutional
Gonzalez v Carhart
• Year
• Ruling
2007
Ruled the 2003 Partial Birth Abortion ban law passed by Congress was constitutional
First time that a ban on abortion in anyway was upheld by the court since Roe
Morse v Frederick
• Year
• Ruling
2007
Ruled freedom of speech did not protect students promoting illegal drugs at school events from punishment
DC v Heller
• Year
• Ruling
2008
Overturned a rule in DC that prevented the carrying of handguns
Boumediene v Bush
• Year
• Ruling
2008
Ruled that Guantanamo detainees were allowed due process under the 5th Amendment
Baze v Rees
• Year
• Ruling
2008
Ruled lethal injection a constitutional method of execution
Salazar v Buono/ Town of Greece V Galloway
• Years
• Rulings
2010/2014
Allowed expansions of religious rights - first of cross memorial in public park and second allowing prayer at town hall meetings
Citizens United v FEC
• Year
• Ruling
2010
First Amendment prohibits restrictions on independent expenditures for communications by nonprofit corporations, for-profit corporations, labour unions, and other associations. Reduced impacts of the BCRA
Brown v Plata
• Year
• Ruling
2011
Ruled that crowding in California prisons was cruel and unusual (in violation of the 8th)
Synder v Phelps
• Year
• Ruling
2011
Allowed the Westboro Baptist Church to picket and protest gay servicepeople’s funerals (Alito dissent)
NFIB v Sebelius
• Year
• Ruling
2012
Ruled Obamacare/Affordable Care Act constitutional (as a tax, thus under Congresses’ enumerated powers
McDonald v Chicago
• Year
• Ruling
2010
Gave the individual the right to bear arms under the constitution
Shelby County v Holder
• Year
• Ruling
2013
Ruled section 5 of the Voting Rights Act unconstitutional. Since 9/15 states named in this section have since introduced voter registration laws
Arizona v US
• Year
• Ruling
2012
Overturned key aspects of Arizona’s show papers laws (immigration)
US v Windsor
• Year
• Ruling
2013
Ruled DoMA unconstituional
McCutcheon v FEC
• Year
• Ruling
2014
Said FECA restrictions on campaign donations for a two-year cycle violated the 1st
Burwell v Hobby Lobby
• Year
• Ruling
2014
Allowed for the denial of healthcare that covered contraception by employers who disapproved of it on religious grounds
Riley v California
• Year
• Ruling
2014
Ruled it necessary to have a search warrant to seize mobile phone data under the 4th
Schutte v Coalition to Defend
• Year
• Ruling
2014
Ruled states able to enshrine affirmative action into their state constitution
Obergefell v Hodges
• Year
• Ruling
2015
Ruled same-sex marriage legal and required to be acknowledged across the USA
King v Burwell
• Year
• Ruling
2015
States have the right to interpret ACA as they want to
Fisher v Texas
• Year
• Ruling
2016
Affirmative Action to continue but can’t use quotas or credit
Packingham v North Carolina
• Year
• Ruling
2017
Struck down North Carolina law preventing sex offenders using social media, 9-0
Whole Women’s Health v Hellerstedt
• Year
• Ruling
2016
Overturned Texas laws that aimed to shut abortion clinics for not having equipment it was unlikely they could afford
US v Carpenter
• Year
• Ruling
2018
Requires search warrant to search cellphone mast records
Masterpiece Cake Shop v Colorado Civil Rights Commission
• Year
• Ruling
2018
Ruled that Colorado Civil Rights Commission violated the free to exercise clause of the 1st - case did not expand. IT DID NOT RULE WHETHER THE BAKERS WERE ALLOWED TO NOT BAKE THE CAKE
Janus v AFSCME
• Year
• Ruling
2018 Overturned precedent (Abood v Detroit B.O.E) to undermine union power/ funds
Gill v Whitford
• Year
• Ruling
2018
Returned Wisconsin gerrymandering case to lower courts (rather than come out partisan on gerrymandering)
