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Court Case Outcomes > Court Cases > Flashcards

Court Cases Flashcards

1
Q

Voting Rights Act of 1965

A

allowed African Americans the right to vote

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2
Q

Brown v Board

A

overturned the separate but equal doctrine from Plessy v Ferguson

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3
Q

Roe v Wade

A

right to privacy

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4
Q

Barron v Baltimore

A

helped define the concept of Federalism; Supreme Court established a precedent that the US Bill of Rights could not be applied to state govts

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5
Q

Gitlow v New York

A

States may not deny freedom of speech and press. these were to be protected by the “liberty” part of the 14th Amendment’s due process clause

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6
Q

Palko v Connecticut

A

any right that is so important that liberty would not exist without it must be upheld by states

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7
Q

Griswold v Connecticut

A

ruled right to privacy; sets precedent for Roe v Wade

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8
Q

Boy Scouts of America v Dale

A

Boy Scouts can ban homosexuals from being scout leaders via Amendment 1 and 9

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9
Q

Lawrence v Texas

A

struck down a Texas law that banned sodomy; reversed the decision of Bowers v Hardwick, which upheld a GA law banning sodomy

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10
Q

Everson v Board

A

Upheld a NJ law allowing tax money to pay transportation costs for students attending private schools; bus transportation is not a religious activity; Court stated a “wall of separation” exists btw church and state and that the establishment clause of I Amendment applied to the states via due process clause of amendment 14

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11
Q

Zorach v Clauson

A

released time for students is constitutional

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12
Q

Engle v Vitale

A

no state sponsored, recited prayer in public school

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13
Q

abbington v schempp

A

no devotional bible reading in public school

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14
Q

epperson v arkansas

A

state laws may not prohibit the teaching of evolution in public school

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15
Q

lemon v Kurtzman

A

SC struck down a PA law in which the state reimbursed nonpublic schools for teachers’ salaries, textbooks and instructional materials; established a 3-part test (Lemon test) to see if it violates the establishment clause: nonsecular; advances or inhibits religion; excessive entanglement with govt

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16
Q

Employment Division of Oregon v Smith

A

govt no longer needed a compelling purpose to deny religious expression; only laws that would be struck down would be those that were intended to stifle a particular religion

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17
Q

City of Boerne v Flores

A

Supreme court struck down the Religious Freedom Restoration Act and restored the standard used in Orgeon v Smith

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18
Q

reynolds v US

A

free exercise clause protected religious beliefs, but not necessarily religious actions

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19
Q

US v Lee

A

amish cannot refuse to pay Social Security taxes for religious reasons

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20
Q

West Virginia v Barnette

A

students may not be compelled to salute the flag in school

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21
Q

wisconsin v yoder

A

amish do not have to send children to school past the 8th grade

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22
Q

church of lukumi babalu aye v hialeah

A

struck down the ban on animal sacrifice; not a harm to society bc animals aren’t society

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23
Q

Schenck v US

A

Speech can be suppressed only if there is an imminent threat to society

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24
Q

Smith Act

A

banned advocacy of overthrowing the govt

25
Q

US v O’Brien

A

draft card burning was not a protected form of speech

26
Q

Tinker v Des Moines

A

wearing black armbands in school as a form of protest; symbolic speech

27
Q

Texas v Johnson

A

flag burning was a protected form of speech

28
Q

US v Nixon

A

a prez does not have executive privilege in criminal cases

29
Q

New York Times v Sullivan

A

public figures must also prove malice in libel suits

30
Q

Miller V California

A

in order to prove obscenity: community standards be violated, state obscenity laws must be violated, and material must lack serious literacy/artistic/political value

31
Q

Hazelwood v Kuhlmeier

A

high school newspaper was not a public forum and could be restricted

32
Q

ashcroft v ACLU

A

struck down the Child Online Protection Act using the least drastic means test: the goal of protecting children could be accomplished in a less restrictive manner

33
Q

Buckley v Valeo

A

struck down limits on the amount that a congressional candidate can spend on his campaign

34
Q

Reed v Reed

A

court ruled against arbitrary gender based discrimination as a violation of the 14th amendment

35
Q

Dred Scott decision

A

denied the right to Scott to sue; slaves weren’t citizens

36
Q

plessy v Ferguson

A

separate but equal

37
Q

lau v nichols

A

schools must take active steps to help non-english speaking students

38
Q

UC Regents v Bakke

A

race can be taken into account as a factor in admission decisions

39
Q

richmond v Croson

A

banned city set-aside programs

40
Q

gratz v bollinger

A

struck down use of “bonus points” for race in undergraduate admissions at Univ of Michigan

41
Q

Grutter v Bollinger

A

allowed use of race as a general factor in law school admissions at Univ of Michigan

42
Q

Shaw v reno

A

racial gerrymandering banned

43
Q

miller v johnson

A

race cannot be “overriding, predominant frce” in redistricting

44
Q

webster v reproductive health services

A

gave govt states more leeway in restricting abortion

45
Q

planned parenthood v casey

A

states cannot impose an “undue burden” on a woman’s right to an abortion

46
Q

gonzales v carhart

A

upheld partial birth abortion act of 2003

47
Q

bush v gore

A

use of 14th amendment’s equal protection clause

48
Q

lawrence v Texas

A

court struck down texas sodomy law through use of liberty; reversed the court’s decision in bauer v hartwick

49
Q

Heart of Atlanta Motel v Us

A

bans discrimination in public places

50
Q

Kelo v New London

A

private property can be given to the public

51
Q

board of pottawatomie v earls

A

schools can impose random drug tests on students in extracurricular activities

52
Q

mapp v ohio

A

state case on exclusionary rule

53
Q

weeks v US

A

fed case on exclusionary rule

54
Q

miranda v arizona

A

miranda warnings to silence and counsel

55
Q

gideon v wainwright

A

states must provide legal help for suspects who can’t afford it

56
Q

johnson v zerbst

A

federal govt must provide legal help for suspects

57
Q

atkins v Virginia

A

struck down death penalty for mentally retarted

58
Q

roper v simmons

A

states cant use death penalty on minors

59
Q

ewing v California

A

three strikes and you’re out

Court Case Outcomes (1 decks)

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