Court Cases Flashcards
Marbury v. Madison
Judicial Review
Fletcher v. Peck
Georgia legislature attempted to void land grant; first time the court ruled something unconstitutional
McCulloch v. Maryland
Maryland tries to tax 2nd BUS; national laws > state laws
Dartmouth College v. Woodward
New Hampshire attempts to revise Dartmouth’s charter; court rules charter is protected by Constitution
Gibbons v. Ogden
Clarified commerce clause; congressional power over interstate commerce
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
State cannot seize lands without consent of the dependent nation; case ruling was ignored by Georgia and Andrew Jackson
Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge
Interests of community are more important than corporate rights; pro-states’ rights
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Dred Scott is declared property, even after moving from slave state to free state; Missouri Compromise is named unconstitutional
Ex parte Merryman
Ruled that Abraham Lincoln acted unconstitutionally by imposing martial law in Baltimore after anti-union riot
Ex parte Milligan
Court struck down wartime convictions of a civilian by a military tribunal
Texas v. White
Ruled in favour of Andrew Johnson that union is “indestructible” and states can’t secede
Plessy v. Ferguson
Separate but equal facilities for different races
Muller v. Oregon
Upheld Oregon law that allowed limitation of working hours for women
Schenk v. US
Freedom of speech and of the press could be limited if a “clear and present danger” existed; resulted from Sedition and Espionage Acts during WW1
Schechter v. US
“Sick chicken case”; NIRA is unconstitutional because it gives too much power to executive branch
Brown v. Board
Desegregates schools; reversed Plessy v. Ferguson
Engel v. Vitale
Outlawed state led prayer in public schools and other events
Baker v. Carr
Established one-man one-vote rule
Gideon v. Wainwright
Established that persons who could not afford counsel must be appointed one by state
Miranda v. Arizona
Suspects in custody, before questioning, must be informed of constitutional rights
Roe v. Wade
Abortion is legal and patient has right to privacy to make the decision
Regent of California v. Bakke
Affirmative action can’t set aside specific spots for people of colour
