COURT CASES Flashcards
-freedom of religion
-new york state school authorized a nondenominational prayer to say in school in the mornings
-claimed it violated separation of church and state
Engle v Vitale
-Amish families wanted to take their kids out of school
-argued that the education was vital for the children, and violated Wisconsin state law
-an individuals right to express their religion supersedes the interest of the school system
Wisconsin v Yoder
-school newspaper managed by students spoke out against school policies
-principle had articles removed
-5 to 3 in favor of school district
-schools have the right to set high standards of student conduct and speech
Hazelwood v Kuhlmeier
-a man protested against the draft during WW1
-arrested, and there was a unanimous vote for the United States
-encouraging a crime
-created the principle of shouting fire in a movie theater
Schenck v United States
-freedom of press
-prior restraint
-published a story about misinformation in the US, Nixon wanted papers blocked because it was a threat
-6/3 in favor of the paper
New York Times v United States
-the right to bare arms
-wanted a gun but was near impossible to get own because of the cities gun laws
-5/4 in favor of guns
-not allowing use of handguns violates the 2nd amendment
DC v Heller
-15 year old was caught and arrested for making obscene phone calls
-was already on probation
-did not notify parents when arrested
-committed to a special school till he was 21
-8/1 in favor of the 15 year old
-established protections for minors
In Re Gault
-woman was arrested for drug possession while police where searching her home for a fugitive
-6/3 in favor of the woman
-evidence was inadmissible because it was not accounted for under the search reasons
Mapp v Ohio
-man was arrested for kidnapping and sexual assault charges
-he gave a written confession 2 hours after he was interrogated
-his lawyer claimed he was not aware of his right to an attorney
-5/4 in favor of the man
-law enforcement has to inform people of their rights
Miranda v Arizona
-man was charged with breaking and entering
-couldn’t afford a lawyer and was denied a free one
-he was found guilty
-filled a plea to supreme court
-unanimous in favor of the man
-established the public defenders office
Gideon v Wainwright
-Japanese immigrant
–placed in an interment camp
-was arrested for violating the order to relocate
-argued this violated his 5th amendment rights
-6/3 in favor of the United States
-not based on prejudice but on a threat to national security
Korematsu v United States
-a slaves master moved to Illinois, a free state
-claimed that since it was a free state, he should be free
-7/2 in favor of the slaves master :(
-slaves weren’t citizens and couldn’t sue in federal court
-overturned the Missouri Compromise, congress cant force people to free slaves
Dred Scott v Stanford
-African American man tried to enter a whites only dining cart to get a drink
-got thrown out and he claimed he had a right to be served
-argued his 14th amendment rights where violated
-7/1 in favor of the train company
-14th amendment wasn’t violated, separate but equal
Plessy v Ferguson
-woman wanted to send her son to a white school because it was close
-argued that separate but equal was not equal
-unanimous in her favor
-ended segregation in schools
Brown v Board of Education
-white man applied to Cali med school
-denied because they needed to fill racial quotas
-argued it was illegal to deny him based on race
-8/1 in favor of him
-racial quotas violated the 14th amendment
University of California v Bakke
