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Scribe America Final Exam > Course 5: ED course > Flashcards

Course 5: ED course Flashcards

1
Q

What is in a CBC, what is the significance of each test

A
  • WBC(White Blood Cells)High=infection
  • Hgb(Hemoglobin)—Low=Anemia
  • Hct(Hematocrit)—low=Anemia
  • Plt(Platelets)—Low(Thrombocytopenia)=Prone to bleeding
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2
Q

Type of Lab studies

A
  • Blood
  • Urine
  • Cultures
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3
Q

What is CBC with Diff, what is the significance of each test?

A

CBC tests+ more detailed look at WBC

  • Bands—high(bandemia)=serious infection
  • Segs(segmented Neutrophils—High(left shift)= acute infection
  • Lymphs(lymphocytes)—High=Viral infection
  • Monos(monocytes)—High=Bacterial Infection
  • Eos(Eosinophils)—High=parasitic infection
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4
Q

Whats done in a CMP?

A
  • BMP
  • LFTs
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5
Q

What are the LFTs (liver function Tests)?

A

wALT wALKs pAST

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6
Q

Whats done in a BMP?

A
  • Electrolytes
  • Kidney Function
    • BUN(Blood Urea Nitrogen)
    • Creat(Creatinine)
  • Blood Glucose
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7
Q

What tests are done in a CEP(Cardiac enzyme panel), what is important?

A

Looks for heart Damage

  • Troponin
  • CK(Creatine Kinase)
  • Other Creatine tests
  • Myo(myoglobin)
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8
Q

what are the 6 Cardiac Orders?

A
  1. CBC
  2. BMP
  3. CK, CK-MB
  4. Troponin
  5. EKG
  6. CXR
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9
Q

Respiratory labs and significance?

A
  • BNP(B-type Natriuretic Peptide)
    • High=CHF
  • ABG(Arterial Blood Gas)
  • VBG(Venous Blood Gas)
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10
Q

What Does a positive D-Dimer mean?

A

Possible PE, order a CTA Chest and VQ scan

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11
Q

What does a Negative D-Dimer mean?

A

No PE

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12
Q

What is important about D-Dimer?

A
  • Signifies a PE
    • SOB
    • Pleuritic CP
  • If Negative no blood clots, PE excluded
  • Need CTA chest or VQ scan to diagnose PE
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13
Q

What does Troponin Test tell about pt?

A
  • If it is high signifies a non-STEMi
  • can take 4-12 hours for Troponin levels to rise
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14
Q

What test will show a Hemorrhagic CVA?

A

CSF RBC

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15
Q

3 Coag studies and significance

A
  • PTT
  • PT
    • PT and INR
  • INR
    • Normal INR=1.0
    • >3.0 Supratheraputic—>Too Much Coumadin
    • <2.0 Subtheraputic —>Not enough Coumadin
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16
Q

What labs are used to test inflammation?

A
  • CRP(C -Reactive Protein)
  • ESR/Sed Rate( Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate)
  • if Either are high—>inflamation
17
Q

What are the 4 ENT( ears, nose and throat labs)?

A
  • Strep- Rapid Strep Test
  • Monospot-Mononucleosis
  • Influenza A+B
  • RSV-Respiratory Synctial Test
    • if positive likely bronchitis
18
Q

CSF Analysis Tests

A
  • DDx: Meningitis, hemorrhagic CVA(RBC)
  • Tests
    • CSF gluc
    • CSF prot
    • CSF RBC(hemorrhagic CVA)
    • CSF WBC
    • CSF Gram Stain
19
Q

What Labs would you use to Diagnose Pancreatitis?

A
  • Lip (Lipase)
    • specific to pancreatitis
  • Amy (Amylase)
    • possible pancreatitis
20
Q

What are the 3 Thyroid Labs?

A
  • TSH(Thyroid stimulating hormone)
    • Low- Hyperthyroidism
    • High-Hypothyroidism
  • T3
  • T4
21
Q

What are the OB/GYN Labs and their significance?

A
  • HCG
    • Positive=Preg
  • Serum HCG Quant
    • Higher/Unchanged= Further along in preg
    • Lower=failed pregnancy
  • Serum HCG Qual
    • Positive=Preg
    • Negative=Not Preg
  • T+S/ABORh
    • Rh Negative= Needs RhoGAM shot if pregnant
22
Q

What are the Pelvic Exam Labs?

A
  • Wet Prep(vaginal wet mount)
  • GC (Gonococcus)
  • CT (Chlamydia)
  • Genital Cx (genital Culture)
23
Q

What are the Three labs that are key for efficiency?

A
  • D-Dimer-must order CTA Chest or VQ scan
  • Troponin- Acute MI
  • Creatinine(From BMP)-Kidney Function
24
Q

What is the difference between the Urine Dip and Microscopic Urinalysis

A
  • Urine dip can be done at bedside and is qualitative
  • Microscopic Urinalysis is Quantitative
  • Both can be used to determine if pt has a UTI or a Kidney Stone
25
Q

What are the parts of the Urine Dip and their significance?

A
  • Leuks-Likely UTI
  • Nit(Nitrite)-UTI
  • Glu(glucose)- Positive=Glycosuria/ High Blood Sugar(DM)
  • Blo(Blood)- Kidney Stone or UTI
26
Q

Parts of Microscopic Urinalysis

A
  • WBC
    • >6 (pyuria) UTI
  • RBC
    • >6 (hematuria) UTI or Kidney Stone
  • Bact (bacteria)
    • UTI
  • Epi (epithelial cells)
    • Contaminated sample
27
Q

What tests are used to determine if a pt has sepsis?

A
  • CBC- Possible Sepsis
  • Lactate- Sepsis or cell death in the body
  • Blood Cx- Definitive Sepsis
28
Q

What Cultures( Cx) are used?

A
  • BCx–Sepsis
  • UCx–UTI
29
Q

List the Toxicology Labs and their purpose.

A
  • ASA- Toxic asprin level
  • APAP- toxic tylenol level
  • EtOH- Alcohol intoxication
  • Utex(urine drug screen)- Drug abuse
30
Q

What are the two diabetes labs?

A
  • Ketones–Likely DKA
  • Accu-Check—Low or high blood sugar
31
Q

Will a Culture ever give results the same day?

A

No

32
Q

Critical Care definition

A

care provided to any pt that is at serious risk for deterioration that may lead to permanent bodily harm or death

33
Q

Ultrasounds and significance?

A
  • US doppler LE
    • DVT
  • US RUQ
    • Cholelithiasis
    • Cholecystitis
  • US OB/transvag/pelvic
    • IUP
    • ovarian cyst/torsion
  • US scrotum
    • Testicular torsion/mass
34
Q

What are the 3 types of CT scans and what are they used for?

A
  • CT w/o IV contrast “Dry CT”
    • fractures and kidney stones and such
  • CTA, CT w/ angiogram or IV contrast
    • things that have to do with blood blockage like CVA PE
  • CT A/P w/ PO
    • Appendicitis
    • diverticulitis
35
Q

How do you determine what is a procedure and what is not?

A

Any time the physician performs something that fixes the pt is is a separate procedure

36
Q

What are AAS/KUB X-rays used to detect?

A
  • Free air(rupture)
  • SBO
  • Constipation
  • Large Kidney Stones
37
Q

what is a CXR used to detect?

A
  • PNA
  • PTX
  • Widened Mediastinum(Dissection)
  • Pleural Effusion
  • CHF
38
Q

What procedures qualify as CC?

A
  • Procedural Sedation
  • Intubation
  • Central Line Placement
  • Chest Tube
  • Cardioversion
  • CPR
  • CPAP/BiPAP
39
Q

What questions are important to ask regarding CCT?

A
  1. Does the pt Qualify
  2. How many minutes of CCT were provided?

Scribe America Final Exam (2 decks)

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