Course 1 Muscle List Flashcards
Splenius Capitus Muscle
Origin: spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T3, nuchal ligament
Insertion: lateral superior nuchal line of occipital bone, mastoid process of temporal bone
Action: bilateral contraction: extends head/neck; unilateral contraction: ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation of head/neck.
Innervation: Lateral branches of posterior rami of spinal nerves C2-C3.
Gastrocnemius Muscle
Origin: Lateral Head: posteriolateral aspect of lateral condyle of the femur; Medial Head: posterior surface of medial femoral condyle, poplitial surface of femoral shaft
Insertion: Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
Actions: Talocrual joint: plantar flexion; Knee joint: flexion
Innervation: tibial nerve (S1, S2)
Semimembranosus Muscle
Origin: Superolateral impression of ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial condyle of tibia
Action: hip joint: extension and IR; Knee joint: flexion and IR of tibia; stabilizes pelvis
Innervation: Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
Fibularis Brevis Muscle
Origin: Distal 2/3 of the lateral surface of fibula, anterior intermuscular septum
Insertion: Tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal bone
Action: Talocrual joint: plantar flexion; Subtalar joint: eversion
Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1)
Pectoralis Major Muscle
Clavicular part: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle; Sternocostal part: anterior surface of sternum, costal cartilages of ribs 1-6; Abdominal part: anterior layer of rectus sheath.
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: Shoulder joint: adduction, IR, flexion (clavicular head), extension (sternocostal head); Scapulothoracic joint: draws scapula anterioinferiorly (protraction? Depressioni?)
Innervation: Lateral and medial pectoral nerves (C5-T1)
Biceps Brachii Muscle
Origin: Short Head: apex of the coracoid process of the scapula; Long Head: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Insertion: Radial tuberosity of the radius; Deep fascia of forearm (insertion of the bicipital aponeurosis)
Action: flexion and supination of the forearm at the elbow joint, weak flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint.
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6)
Longissimus Thoracis Muscle
Origin: Lumbar Part: lumbar intermuscular aponeurosis, medial part of sacropelvic surface of ilium, posterior sacroiliac ligament; Thoracic Part: spinus and transverse processess of vertebra L1-L5, median sacral crest, posterior surface of sacrum and posterior iliac crest.
Insertion: Lumbar Part: accessory and transverss processes of vertebra L1-L5; Thoracic Part: Transverse process of vertebra T1-T12, angles of ribs 7-12.
Actions: bilateral contraction - extension of spine, unilateral contraction - ipsilateral lateral flexion of spine.
Innervation: Lateral branches of posterior rami of spinal nerves
Semitendinosus Muscle
Origin: (posteromedial impression of) ischial tuberosity
Insertion: proximal end of tibia below medial condyle (via pes anserinus) (Say Grace before Tea, Ant to post).
Action: hip joint: extension, IR; stabilizes pelvis; Knee joint: flexion, IR.
Innervation: Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
Piriformis Muscle
Origin: anterior surface of the sacrum (between S2 and S4), gluteal surface of ilium (near posterior inferior iliac spine), Sacrotuberous ligament)
Insertion: (apex of) greater trochanter of the femer (I think anterior aspect)
Action: Hip joint: ER (when hip is flexed less than 90 degrees), IR (when hip is flexed 90 degrees or more), abduction (from flexed hip); stablizes head of femer in acetabulum.
Innervation: Nerve to piriformis (S1-S2)
Vastus Intermedius Muscle
Origin: Anterior surface of femoral shaft
Insertion: quadriceps tendon
Actions: extends the knee joint
Nerve: femoral nerve
Adductor Brevis Muscle
Origin: anterior body of pubis, inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: linea aspera of femur (medial lip)
Action: hip joint: flexion, adduction, external rotation; pelvis stabilization
Innervation: obturator nerve (L2-L4)
Vastus Lateralis Muscle
Origin: intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera of femur
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament), patella, (lateral condyle of tibia)
Actions: extends and stablizes the knee
Nerve: femoral nerve
Iliocostalis Lumborum Muscle
Origin: lateral crest of sacrum, medial end of iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia.
Insertion: Angle of ribs 5-12, transverse processes of vertebra L1-L4 (+adjacent thoracolumbar fascia)
Action: bilateral contraction: extension of spine; unilateral contraction: ipsilateral lateral flexion of spine
Innervation: lateral branches of posterior rami of spinal nerves
Cervical Multifidus Muscle
Origin: superior articular process of vertebrae C4-C7
Insertion: Lateral aspects and tips of the psinous processes of vertebrae 2-5 levels above origin (video said 1-3 levels).
Action: Bilateral contraction extension of the spine. Unilateral contraction: ipsilateral lateral flexion of spine, contralateral rotation of spine.
Innervation: medial branches of posterior rami of spinal nerves
Fibularis (peroneaus) Longus Muscle
Origin: head of fibula, proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula, intermuscular septa
Insertion: medial cuneiform bone, metatarsal bone 1
Action: Talocrual joint: plantar flexion; subtalar joint: eversion; Supports longitudinal and transverse arches of foot.
Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1)
Soleus Muscle
Origin: soleal line, medial border of tibia, head of fibula, posterior border of fibula
Insertion: Posterior surface of calcaneus (via calcaneal tendon)
Actions: talocrual joint; plantar flexion
Innervation: Tibial Nerve (S1, S2)
Gluteus Minimus Muscle
Origin: gluteal surface of ilium (between anterior and inferior gluteal lines)
Insertion: anterior aspect of greater trochanter of femur
Action: Hip joint: abduction, IR (anterior part); pelvis stablilization
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
Infraspinatus Muscle
Origin: Infrapsinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: shoulder joint: ER; stablizes humeral head in glenoid cavity
Innervation: suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)
Biceps Femoris Muscle
Origin: Long head: (inferomedial impression of) ischial tuberosity, sacrotuberous ligament. Short head: liniea aspera of femur (lateral lip), lateral supracondylar line of femur.
Insertion: (lateral aspect of) head of fibula
Action: hip joint: extension, ER; Knee joint: flexion, ER; stabilizes pelvis
Innervation: Long head: tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2). Short head: common fibular division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
Adductor Longus Muscle
Origin: body of pubis, inferior to pubic crest adn lateral to the pubic symphysis
Insertion: middle third of linea aspera of femur (medial lip)
Action: Hip joint: flexion, adduction, external rotation; pelvis stabilization
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
Gluteus Maximus
Origin: Lateralposterior surface of sacrum and coccyx, gluteal surface of ilium (behind posterior gluteal line), thoracolumbar fascia, sacrotuberous ligament)
Insertion: ilitobial tract, gluteal tuberosity of femur
Action: Hip joint: extension, ER, abduction (superior part), adduction (inferior part).
Innervation: inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Teres Major Muscle
Origin: inferior angle and lower part of the lateral border of the scapula
Insertion: intertubercular sulcus (medial lip) of the humerus. (bicipital groove)
Action: Extension and IR of the humerus
Innervation: lower subscapular nerve (C5-C7)
Rectus Femoris Muscle
Origin: anterior inferiori iliac spine, supraacetabular groove
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament), patella
Action: hip joint: flexion; Knee joint: extension
Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
Gracilis Muscle
Origin: anterior body of pubis, inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus
Insertion: medial surface of proximal tibia (via pes anserinus). (Say Grace before Tea - ant to post)
Actions: Hip joint: flexion, adduction; knee joint: flexion, tibial IR
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2-L3)
Deltoid Muscle
Origin: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle (clavicular part), acromion (acromial part), spine of scapula (spinal part)
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Action: Clavicular part: flexion and internal rotation of the arm; Acromial part: abduction of the arm beyond the intial 15*; Spinal part: extension and external rotation of the arm.
Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5, C6)
Tibialis Anterior Muscle
Origin: lateral surface of tibia, interosseaous membrane
Insertion: Medial cuneiform bone, base of metatarsal bone 1
Action: talocrual joint: dorsiflexion; subtalar joint: inversion
Innervation: Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle
Origin: Vertebral Part: spinous processes of vertebrae T7-T12, Thoracolumbar fascia; Iliac Part: Posterior third of crest of ilium; Costal Part: Ribs 9-12; Scapular Part: inferior angle of scapula
Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of the humerus (bicipital groove), between pectoralis major and teres major muscles (lady between the two majors)
Actions: Shoulder joint: IR, adduction, extension; assists in respiration.
Innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)
Splenius Cervicis Muscle
Origin: Spinous processes of T3-T6 vertebrae
Insertion: Transverse processes of C1-C3
Action: unilateral contraction: ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation of neck; Bilateral contraction: extension of the neck.
Innervation: lateral branches of posterior rami of lower cervical spinal nerves
Tensor Fascia Latae Muscle
Origin: outer lip of anterior iliac crest, ASIS
Insertion: Iliotibial tract
Action: hip joint: IR, (weak abduction); Knee joint: tibial ER, (weak knee flexion/extension); Stablizes hip and knee joints.
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
Vastus Medialis Muscle
Origin: intertrochanteric line, pectineal lione of femur, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line of femur
Insertion: quadriceps tendon
Action: extends knee
Nerve: femoral nerve
Teres Minor Muscle
Origin: lateral border of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: shoulder joint: ER, Adduction; stablizes humeral head in glenoid cavity
Innervation: axillary nerve (C5, C6)
Gluteus Medius Muscle
Origin: Gluteal surface of ilium (between anterior and posterior gluteal lines)
Insertion: lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur
Action: Hip joint: abduction, IR (anterior part); pelvis stabilization.
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
Trapezius Muscle
Origin: descending part (superior fibers): medial third of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance: Transverse part (middle fibers): nuchal ligament attached to the spinous processes of C1-C6 vertebrae, spinous processes and suprapspinous ligaments of vertebrae C7-T3; Ascending part (inferior fibers): spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments of vertebrae T4-T12.
Insertion: Descending npart (superior fibers): lateral third of clavicle; Transaverse part (middle fibers): medial acromial margin, superior crest of spine of scapula; Ascending pnnart (inferior fibers): lateral aspect of the medial and of the scapular spine
Action: Descending part (superior fibers): scapulothoracic joint: draws scapula superomedially; atlantooccipital joint: extension of head and neck, lateral flexion of head and neck (ipsilateral); Transverse part (middle fibers): scapulothoracic joint: draws scapulae medially (retraction); Ascending Part (inferior fibers): scapulothoracic joint: drows scapula inferomedially
Innervation: Motor: accessory nerve (CN XI); Motor/sensory: ventral rami of spinal nerves C3-C4 (via cervical plexus)
Adductor Magnus Muscle
Origin: Adductor part: inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus; Ischiocondylar part: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: adductor part: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera (medial lip), medial supracondylar line. Ischiocondylar part: adductor tubercle of femur
Action: Adductor part: hip joint: flexion, adduction, ER; Hamstring part: hip joint: ER, IR; Entire muscle: pelvis stabilization
Innervation: adductor part: Obturator nerve (L2-L4); Ischiocondylar part: Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L4).
Triceps Brachii Muscle
Origin: Long Head: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula; Medial Head: posterior surface of the humerus (inferior to the radial groove); Lateral head: posterior surface of the humeruse (superior to the radial groove).
Insertion: olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm
Action: Elbow joint: extension; shoulder joint: extension and adduction (long head).
Innervation: Radial nerve (C6-C8)
Multifidus Lumborum Muscle
Origin: Mamillary processes of lumbar vertebra (near superior facet), posterior aspect of sacrum, PSIS, and posterior sacroiliac ligament.
Insertion: Lateral aspect and tips of the spinous processes of vertebrae 2-5 levels above origin (on video it was 1-3).
Action: bilateral contraction: extension of spine; Unilateral contraction: ipsilateral lateral flexion of spine, contralateral rotation of spine.
Innervation: medial branches of posterior rami of spinal nerves
