Cours 2-3 Flashcards
What are political parties competing for?
Attracting voters
Political parties act as strategic actors in the electoral market.
Limites de la compétition sur les positions?
• Les électeurs priorisent certains enjeux par rapport à d’autres :
o Les électeurs se soucient davantage de certains sujets que d’autres.
o Cela signifie que la position d’un parti sur un graphe (par exemple, gauche/droite) ne garantit pas que les électeurs voteront pour lui.
o Pourquoi ? Un électeur pourrait voter pour un parti qui est plus éloigné de lui sur certains sujets, si ces sujets sont moins importants pour lui.
What factors constrain political parties’ ability to change positions?
Public perception and historical association with specific issues
Parties are limited in their ability to shift positions due to their established reputations.
How can parties own an issue?
By having a strong position or being perceived as competent and have credibility on the issue
Ownership of issues is crucial for a party’s reputation and electoral success.
What is issue salience?
The importance a party gives to an issue
Issue de salience:
Une issue de salience désigne un enjeu ou un sujet qui est perçu comme particulièrement important ou saillant pour les parties impliquées. Ce type d’enjeu est celui qui capte l’attention des individus, souvent en raison de son impact direct ou de sa portée émotionnelle. C’est quelque chose qui est jugé prioritaire ou qui provoque une réaction forte. L’issue de salience est donc une question que les acteurs considèrent comme essentielle ou qui soulève une grande sensibilité dans la situation donnée.
What is a favorable issue for a political party?
An issue that can attract new voters and retain current ones
Favorable issues are win-win scenarios for parties.
What does the term ‘blame shifting’ refer to?
Attributing responsibility to the EU to avoid blame
This tactic is often used by governments to deflect criticism.
What is the party system agenda?
The macro-level agenda that reflects what is important for all political actors combined
This agenda influences individual party strategies and topics of discussion.
What challenge do niche parties face?
They must address multiple issues to remain relevant
Niche parties often start by focusing on a single topic but must expand their agenda over time.
What does ‘riding the wave’ of public opinion mean?
Focusing on topics important to voters
Parties adapt their strategies to align with public interests to maintain support.
What is the relationship between dominant parties and issue adaptation?
Dominant parties adapt more to current debates than challenger parties
This is due to their need to address significant issues as part of the government.
Fill in the blank: The economic theory of political action in a democracy emphasizes that voters will choose what resembles their own _______.
[way of thinking]
True or False: Parties can freely change their positions on key issues without any constraints.
False
Parties are often constrained by their reputation and historical associations.
What happens when parties compete on issue salience?
They promote issues important to them to gain public attention
This can influence public debate and voter perception.
Pourquoi les partis ne peuvent pas changer facilement leurs positions ?
Ils sont associés à des sujets spécifiques en raison de leur histoire ou de leur réputation.
Exemple de sujets et de partis associés :
Sécurité sociale → Socialistes
Taxation → Libéraux
Environnement → Verts
Migration → Conservateurs (contre) / Progressistes (pour)