couples Flashcards
what are Parson’s instrumental and expressive roles? who criticises these…
Instrumental= male breadwinner
expressive= mother, homemaker, meets family’s emotional needs (wb)
D2- biological differences
CRIT- young and willmott- men are now taking greater share in domestic tasks, wives are wage earners
what are Bott’s 2 conjugal roles?
- segregated conjugal roles= couple have separate trade roles- male breadwinner, homemaker
- joint conjugal roles= couples share tasks e.g. housework and childcare
what is young and willmott’s ‘symmetrical family’?
family life is gradually improving-> trend towards joint conjugal roles, shared roles= more equality
WHY?- changes in women’s position, higher standards of living etc
3 criticisms for young and willmott’s ‘symmetrical family’?
- feminists- little has changed, patriarchal society, women are dependent
- Oakley- Y+W exaggerate their claims, men ‘help’ but only 15% highly participate
- Boulton- 20% of men had a role in childcare, mother predominantly responsible
3 arguments that couples ARE becoming more equal:
- Gershuny- women working-> equal division of labour
- Sullivan- 1984-> 43% of people argued its a man’s job to be the breadwinner, 2017-> 8%
- symmetrical family
could link in any arguments that argue the nuclear fam isn’t relevant anymore/PM
3 arguments that couples ARE NOT becoming more equal
- 2012- men on average did eight hours of housework a week, women did 13, 60% of women found this unjust
- Boulton- fathers might help by performing specific childcare tasks BUT mother takes responsibility for child’s security and wellbeing
-> Ferri and Smith- fathers took responsibility for childcare in less than 4% of houses - Hochschild- women have to manage ‘emotion work’/ warm bath
-> duncombe and marsden- ‘triple shift’
what is the ‘triple shift’? who came up with this theory?
duncombe and marsden- ‘triple shift’= housework, paid work, emotion work
what 2 explanations do crompton and lyonette give to explain gender division of labour?
who supports these arguments?
- Cultural explanation- division of labour= social construct, patriarchal society
-> Gershuny- couples whose parents had equal relationships are more likely to share housework equally - Material explanation- women earn less than men, its rational they earn less
Ramos-> where the woman is a full time breadwinner and the man is unemployed, he does as much domestic labour as her
What do Barratt and Mcintosh argue about resources/decision making?- how is this supported by edgell?
- men make decisions about spending on important items
Edgell- women make less important decisions- gender role socialisation OR men earning more?
what are the 2 types of money management according to Paul and Vogler?
- Allowance system- men give wives allowance to budget for family’s needs
- Pooling- joint responsibility for spending, shared bank- assumes equality BUT men still have more control
Vogler- cohabiting couples are less likely to pool their money BUT less likely to share dom tasks equally
what does Nyman argue about understanding money management?
to understand these systems (allowance vs pooling) we need to understand the meaning of money for couples- define in diff ways
how do smart and weeks (personal life theorists) view money for diff couples?
smart- gay couples have no importance over who controls money, freedom to make decisions, no signs of inequality (less trad)
weeks- typical pattern is to pool spending with separate accounts for personal spending= ‘co-independence’ (most likely for cohabiting)
what is the common view about domestic violence? crit with a stat
dv is behaviour of a small number of sick individuals BUT its too widespread for this?- 2 million people a year report dv
what was dobash and dobash’s study on domestic violence?
how does yearnshire and coleman support this?
STUDY:
- dv in scotland between 1997 and 2007
- police records and interviews-> women being beaten, raped, or killed (marriage legitimates violence against women, Coleman- women are more likely to experience ‘intimate violence’ from partners/family)
Yearnshire- women suffer on average 35 assaults before making a report on dom vio
what are radical feminist explanations for domestic violence?
- firestone- main cause is patriarchy, men are the enemy, family is key institution for this-> maintains male power
- male dominance in institutions-> reluctance of police to deal with dv
3 criticisms for radical feminist explanations for domestic violence
- Robertson- Elliot- not all men are violent, most against dv
- dont explain female violence e.g. child abuse, 18% of men have experienced female violence-rising
- not all women are equally at risk
what are material explanations for domestic violence?
Wilkinson and Pickett- DV d2 stress caused by social inequality-> overcrowding reduces stability in relationships
