Couples

Question 1

What is the domestic division of labour?

Answer 1

The roles that men and women play in relation to housework, childcare and paid work.

Question 2

What was Parsons theory?

Answer 2

Instrumental and expressive roles

Question 3

What is an expressive role?

Answer 3

primary socialisation for children and caring (women)

Question 4

What is instrumental role?

Answer 4

Success at providing finance (men)

Question 5

Evaluation of Parsons theory

Answer 5

• Division of labour becoming blurred
• Feminists reject the idea (not natural/socially constructed )

Question 6

What was Bott’s theory?

Answer 6

Segregated conjugal roles and Joint conjugal roles

Question 7

What is Segregated conjugal roles and Joint conjugal roles ?

Answer 7

Segregated conjugal roles = separate roles and separate leisure time

Joint conjugal roles = couples share tasks and complete leisure together

Question 8

What was Young and WIlmott’s theory?

Answer 8

Symmetrical family

Question 9

What is a symmetrical family?

Answer 9

Where the roles of the partners are more similar

Question 10

What are the four causes of the ‘symmetrical family’?

Answer 10

• changes in women’s position
• Geographical mobility
• New technology
• Higher standard of living

Question 11

What was Oakley’s idea of the double burden?

Answer 11

as women go to work ( providing finance) but still do the domestic chores)

Question 12

What was Dunscombe’s idea of the triple shift ?

Answer 12

Women carry out paid/unpaid and emotional work

Question 13

What are the two reasonings for why women are still doing majority of the housework?

Answer 13

Cultural ( social expectations)
Materialist ( women earn less → so expected to contribute more within the domestic chores

Question 14

What is Gurshuny’s view

Answer 14

Argues that with more women in work → causes this shift to more equality in sharing of domestic work within a household

Those whose parents have an equal split are likely to imitate

Question 15

What is Sullivan’s study?

Answer 15

looked at data from 1975/87/97 and found a trend towards greater equality and less gendering of domestic roles

Question 16

Barrett and Mcintosh - 3 points

Answer 16

1) men gain more fm women’s domestic work then what they give back in financial aid

2) financial support often comes with strings attached

3) men make the decisions about spending

Question 17

Compton and Lyonett

Answer 17

1) cultural ideological explanation
2) materialist economic explanation

Question 18

what does the cultural explanation of the domestic division of labour mean?

Answer 18

Domestic division of labour is determined by patriarchal norms and values shape the gender roles in our culture

Women perform more labour because society expects this

Question 19

What does the meterialst explanation of the domestic division of labour mean?

Answer 19

• The fact that women generally earn less than men means it economically makes sense for women to do the domestic and housework.

So for equality → women in full time work

Question 20

Gurshuny - cultural explanation

Answer 20

found couples whose parents had more equal relationships would share in their own partners

• Idea of role models → eventually establishes a new norm of equality of domestic work

Question 21

KAN - materialist x cultural explanation

Answer 21

C= young men are doing more domestic work → a generational shift is occurring

M= every 10k a women earns annually she does 2x less housework

Question 23

Kempson

Answer 23

Family members do not share resources
- in low income families women often deny their own needs - e.g they skip. Meal and go out less

Question 24

Pahl and Vogler

Answer 24

The allowance system - men give women an allowance they have to budget from and any remainder is the mans

Pooling - couples both have access no joint responsibility for spending

Question 25

Hardill

Answer 25

Study of 30 dual professional career couples
- found desicion making by man or jointly
- the mans job took priority

Question 26

Finch

Answer 26

Observation that women’s lives tend to be constructed around husband’s career

Question 27

BBC 2014

Answer 27

2/3 marriages 18-32 have a chore war

Question 28

What is the personal life perspective ?

Answer 28

Focuses on the meaning couples give to who controls the money - don’t treat everyone the same / homogeneously

Question 29

Smart

Answer 29

Same sex couples attatch no importance to who controls the money
- may be due to les cultural /social baggage

Question 30

Weeks et al

Answer 30

Typical patterns of pooling for household spending but personal accounts for personal spending

Question 31

What is domestic violence ?

Answer 31

Any incident or pattern of controlling, coercive or threatening behaviour or abuse between those 16+ who have been intimate partners.

Question 32

Domestic violence stats 2020

Answer 32

1.6 million women are 16-74 are victims

Question 33

Domestic violence stats for men + women

Answer 33

1 in 4 women
1 in 7 men are victims

Question 34

WALBY AND ALLEN

Answer 34

women are much more likely to be victims of multiple incidents of abuse/sexual violence.

Question 35

what is the radical feminist explanation for domestic abuse

Answer 35

Argue that all societies are founded by patriarchy and see men as the enemy and oppressors of women.

Question 36

3 factors of radical feminist explanation

Answer 36

• see family and marriage as a source of oppression
• think wide spread DA is inevitable
• Institutions like courts are patriarchal and explain why women do not want to come forward.

Question 37

FIRESTONE AND MILLETT

Answer 37

• domestic violence is as a result of patriarchy
• men are the enemy ; exploiters of women

Question 38

DOBASH AND DOBASH

Answer 38

Domestic violence is a physical and ideological tool that men use to control women

Question 39

Evaluation of radical feminist view for Domestic abuse / Strengths

Answer 39

Can explain why domestic violence is statistically committed against more women

Question 40

Evaluation of radical feminist view for Domestic abuse / Limitations

Answer 40

ELLIOT - not all men are aggressors and most oppose domestic violence towards men

• fail to explain female violence

Question 41

What is the materialist explanation for domestic abuse?

Answer 41

focuses more on the economic factors such as income and housing to explain why some groups are more at risk

Question 42

WILKINSON

Answer 42

Sees domestic violence as a result of stress on family members caused by social inequality.

Those on low incomes experience more stress due to social hardships which may overspill into the family unit

Question 43

Evaluation of the materialistic domestic abuse perspective

Answer 43

• shows not all people are in danger but those of less status are
• Useful in showing social hierarchy is a factor

However doesn’t explain why women are more of a victims then men

Question 44

Maxist feminists views on domestic abuse

Answer 44

See inequality as causing domestic violence ( due to capitalism)

Question 45

ANSLEY

Answer 45

describes wives as the ‘takers of shit’

Argues domestic abuse is a product of capitalism as male workers are exploited and take it out on their wives

Question 46

Evaluation of marxist feminist views on domestic abuse

Answer 46

• explains why women are mostly victims
• fails to explain why not all men commit
• does not account for female violence