Counterinsurgency Measures Flashcards
Insurgency (Def)
organized movement aimed at overthrowing a government through use of subversion and armed conflict. Can be part of larger non-violent movement
Insurgent Def
Member of insurgency. organized
Guerrilla
Overt military aspect of insurgency
Terrorist
One who uses violence or threat of violence to create fear in pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological.
Why study COIN
Not just a thinking man’s war, its the graduate level of warfare.”
Insurgency is…
Form of internal war; elements of civil war; aimed at expelling or overthrowing government.
What are the root causes of insurgency
Power; money, religion, occupation.
Pre-reqs of insurgency
Vulnerable Population; leadership; lack of government control
(6) Types of Insurgent Approaches
Conspiratorial; Military Focuses; Urban; Protracted Popular War; Identity Focuses; Composite and Coalition
What is Conspiratorial
Type of Insurgency: Few key leaders seize control of government structures (ie Lenin)
Military Focused
Use military Force to create change
Urban
Small independent cells weaken government and create fear
Protracted Popular war-
Use popular support
Identity-Focused
Popular support of a certain group of people. Tribal, community etc.
Composite and coalition
Mix of the different approaches at different times.
Means of Mobilization of support
Persuasion; Coercion; Reaction to abuses; Foreign Support; Apolitical Motivation
What are the (5) elements of an insurgency
Movement Leaders; Combatants; Political Cadre; Auxiliaries; Mass Base
Movement Leaders provide
Direction
Combatants provide
muscle
Political Cadre
win hearts and minds
Auxiliaries provide
CSS- Support by providing services or sanctuary etc.
Mass base
Followership
What are the three phases of an insurgency
Latent and Incipient; Guerilla Warfare; War of Movement
Latent and Incipient Phase
build up phase (very vulnerable)
Guerilla Warfare Phase
Small scale attacks to illegitimize government
War of Movement
uses both needs of the people (political) and conventional warfare.
Endstate of COIN
est. rule of law; re-legitimize government
Indications of Legitimiacy
Security; Selection of Leaders; Support for political process; Levels of Corruption; Level of development
Three Kinds of People in COIN
Anti-Gov, Neutral, Pro-Gov
Who is the majority/minority out of the 3 kinds of people in COIN
Anti-Gov (minority), Neutral (majority), Pro-Gov (minority)
What is Unity of Effort?
must be present at every echelon of a COIN operation;otherwise, well-intentioned but uncoordinated actions can cancel each other or provide vulnerabilities for insurgents to exploit.
What are Intelligence Drives Operations?
Effective operations are shaped by timely, specific, and reliable intelligence, gathered and analyzed at the lowest possible level
What is Isolation?
Dynamic insurgencies can replace losses quickly.
Guidelines of COIN (7)
Analysis before action; Popular Support; Gain support through active opposition; Popular Support is conditional; Integrate local security and police; focus and intense application of effort; continuous analysis
What are the Tactical Imperatives of Counterinsurgency
- creating and maintaining a realistic set of expectations among the populace, friendly military forces, and the international community
- managing expectations involves demonstrating economic and politcal progress to show the populace how life is improving
CF Communication
Dialects, Languages, Accents, Actions
CF Religion
Practices, Holidays, Thoughts, Hypocrisy
CF Social Networks
Family, Gender, Age v Status, Groups (Socieoeconomic/Criminal0
CF Geography
Sub regions, who lives where, Alliances/Loyalty, Sensitive Sites
CF Clothing
Ethnicity, Specific Occasions, Status
CF Residential Patterns
Urban v Rural, family, Rich v Poor, Style
CF Diet
Customs of eating, what to and not to eat, how to eat, etiquette.
CF Self Identity and Perceptions
Understand Different Views of: Individual Groups, Foreigners, Local History, Abstract Ideas (Honor, Justice, Truth)
What are the Civilian Consideration
(ASCOPE) Area, Structures, Capabilities of Infrastructure, Organizations, People, Events
What is IDAD
Internal, Defense, And Development
What are the principles of IDAD?
-Unity of effort, -Maximum use of intelligence, -Maximum use of PSYOP and CA, -minimum use of violence, -responsive government
What is DIME?
Diplomatic, Information, Military, and Economic
