Counselling Week 3 (Amoxicillin/Clavulanate, Doxycycline, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Metronidazole)

Question 1

This medication is amoxicillin/clavulanate and the brand we have given you is called …

Answer 1

augmentin duo, amclavox duo, alphaclav duo, curam duo

strengths of 500/125 and 875/125

Question 2

Mode of action and indication of amoxicillin/clavulanate

Answer 2

Thie medication is used for short term treatment of a wide range of infections caused by bacteria. These infections may affect the chest (e.g. bronchitis or pneuomnia), bladder (cystitis), sinuses (sinusitis), the ears (otitis media) or the skin. Can also be used for hospital acquired pneumonia or pelvic inflammatory disease.

Amoxicillin is a type of pencillin antibiotic and clavulante is used to help the amoxicillin work better against certain types of bacteria.

Amoxicillin and clavulanate works by killing the bacteria that cause certain infections. It will not work against infections such as colds or the flu, which are caused by viruses.

Question 3

Dose and directions for use (C/A labels) for amoxicllin/clavulunate (3 marks)

Answer 3

1 tablet twice a day for both 500 and 875mg strength for 5-10 days or longer, depending on the infection.

Take with food, medication is absorbed best

CAL labels

13: Do not remove from original packaging until dose required

Question 4

AE (common, serious, allergic) of amoxicillin/clavulunate (3 marks)

Answer 4

All medications can cause side effects, but not everyone will experience them. Some common side effects include diarrhoea, indigestion, pain in the stomach, headache and dizziness.

Rarer side effects include rash, dark urine or severe water or bloody diarrhoea.

Please see a doctor if you are experiencing any of the following symptoms. These symptoms include hives, swelling of the lips, mouth or throat or fever. These may be signs of an allergic reaction.

Question 5

Lifestyle/self-care of Amoxicillin/Clavulanate (2 marks)

Answer 5

Antibiotics can disrupt the good bacteria in the stomach, thus it is recommended you take a probiotic to replenish the good bacteria and gut flora while on this medication. SB 500 would be appropriate.

Probiotics are also good for general health, they enhance immune system function, promote healthy digestion, and support bowel regularity.

Questions + CMI (1 mark)

I have printed information for you about this medication, is there anything you would like me to explain more? Do you have any questions?

Question 6

This medication is doxycycline and the brand we have given you is called…

Answer 6

Doxsig, mayne pharma doxycyline, doxycyline APO, doxylin

comes in 50mg and 100mg

Question 7

Mode of action and indication for doxycycline

Answer 7

This medication belongs to a class of antibiotics called tetracyclines. They work by killing or stopping the growth of bacteria. They will not work against viral infections such as colds or the flu.

They are used to treat certain infections such as infections caused by m.pneumoniae, community acquired pneumonia, exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, and acute bacterial sinusitis. Also to control acne and prevent malaria.

Question 8

Dose and directions for use (C/A labels) for doxycycline (3 marks)

Answer 8

Adult

Oral, 200 mg on day 1 (as a single dose or 100 mg twice daily), then 100 mg once daily (2 tablets on day 1 then 1 tablet once daily)

> comes in 50 and 100mg

Prophylaxis of malaria

Start 2 days before entering and continue taking doxycycline until 4 weeks after leaving an endemic area.

Adult, oral 100 mg once daily. (1tablet once daily)

Child >8 years

Oral, initially 2 mg/kg twice daily on day 1 (maximum 200 mg daily); then 2 mg/kg once daily (maximum 100 mg daily). Round the dose to the nearest 25 mg

Take a single daily dose in the morning rather than at night.

CAL labels

4a: Do not take antacids or mineral supplements within 2 hours of each dose of this medicine
8: Avoid excessive skin exposure to sunlight and sunlamps while being treated with this medicine
21: Special handling and disposal required

Question 9

AE (common, serious, allergic) of amoxicillin/clavulunate (3 marks)

Answer 9

All medications can cause side effects but not everyone will experience them. Please dont be alarmed about what im going to tell you now as you may not experience any of these side effects. Some common siude effects include nausea, vomitting, loss of appetite, stomach pain.

Rarer side effects include skin rash/hives and itchy skin.

Tell your doctor immediately if you notice any of the following side effects particularly if they occur several weeks after stopping treatment with this medication. This includes watery and severe diarrhoea which may also be bloody or fever.

Question 10

Lifestyle/self-care of doxycycline (2 marks)

Answer 10

Avoid sun exposure, wear protective clothing and use sunscreen while taking this medicine.

Take with a large glass of water, and remain upright (do not lie down) for an hour after taking a tetracycline. This is to stop tablets or capsules sticking on the way to your stomach, and causing painful damage to the lining of your throat.

Antibiotics can disrupt the good bacteria in the stomach, thus it is recommended you take a probiotic to replenish the good bacteria and gut flora while on this medication. SB 500 would be an appropriate choice for you.

Questions + CMI (1 mark)

I have printed information for you about this medication, is there anything you would like me to explain more? Do you have any questions?

Question 11

This medication is ciprofloxacin and the brand we have given you is called

Answer 11

ciprofloxacin, c-flox, ciprol, cifran

250mg, 500mg, 750mg

Question 12

Mode of action and indication of ciprofloxacin

Answer 12

This medication belongs to a group of antibiotics called quinolones. It works by killing the bacteria that cause infections. It will not work against viral infections such as colds or flu.

Used to treat a wide variety of infections. These include infections of the lungs, skin, bones, joints, kidneys, bladder, prostate and bowel. Also used to treat chronic suppurative otitis media.

Question 13

Dose and directions for use (C/A labels) for ciprofloxacin (3 marks)

Answer 13

Adult

Oral 250-500mg twice daily (1 tablets twice daily)

> maximum of 1.5g daily

Bone and joint infections

Oral, 750 mg twice daily. (1 tablet twice daily)

Child

>1 month = oral 10-15mg/kg (maximum 500mg twice daily).

CAL labels

3b: Take on an empty stomach at least half an hour before food or two hours after food.
4a: Do not take dairy products or antacids or mineral supplements within 2 hours of each dose of this medicine
8: Avoid excessive skin exposure
12: This medicine may affect mental alertness and/or coordination. If affected do not drive a motor vehicle or operate machinery.

Question 14

AE (common, serious, allergic) of ciprofloxacin

Answer 14

All medications can cause side effects but not everyone will experience them. Some of these potential common side effects include nausea, diarrhoea, and indigestion

Rarer side effects include severe skin rashes

Please see a doctor if any signs of allergy appear while taking this medication. This incldues swelling of the lips, mouth or throat, wheezing or trobule breathing.

Question 15

Lifestyle/self-care of Ciprofloxacin (2 marks)

Answer 15

Avoid sun exposure, wear protective clothing and use sunscreen as this medication makes you more sensitive to sunlight.

Drink plenty of water while you are taking this medication as this helps to stop crystals forming in your urine.

Monitor for signs of tendon soreness and inflammation, stop taking this medication and tell your doctor if this happens. Especially the achilles tendon (tendon which extends from the calf to heel).

Questions + CMI (1 mark)

I have printed information for you about this medication, is there anything you would like me to explain more? Do you have any questions?

Question 16

This medication is norfloxacin and the brand we have given you is called…

Answer 16

nufloxib, roxin

comes in 400mg only

Question 17

Mode of action and indication of norfloxacin

Answer 17

This medication belongs to a group of antibiotics called quinolones. It works by killing the bacteria that cause infections. It will not work against viral infections such as colds or flu.

It is used to treat urinary tract infections, infection of the prostate, gastrointestinal infections including travellers diarrhoea,

Question 18

Dose and directions for use (C/A labels) for norfloxacin (3 marks)

Answer 18

UTIs resistant to other antibacterials

• Uncomplicaterd: oral 400mg every 12 hours for 3 days (1 tablet twice daily)
• Relapsed: 400mg every 12 hours for 10-14 days (1 tablet twice daily)

Travellers diarrhoea

• Moderate to severe: 800mg as a single dose (2 tablets once daily); or 400mg every 12 hours for 3 days. (1 tablet twice daily)

Child

>6 months = oral 7.5-10mg/kg (maximum 400mg) every 12 hours

Maximum dose: 800mg daily

CAL labels

before meals and at bedtime

3b: Take on an empty stomach
4a: Do not take dairy products or antacids or mineral supplements within 2 hours of each dose of this medicine
8: Avoid excessive skin exposure
12: This medicine may affect mental alertness and/or coordination. If affected do not drive a motor vehicle or operate machinery.

Question 19

AE (common, serious, allergic) of norfloxacin (3 marks)

Answer 19

All medications can cause side effects but not everyone will experience them. Some of these potential common side effects include nausea, diarrhoea, and indigestion.

Rarer side effects include severe skin rashes.

Please see a doctor if any signs of allergy appear while taking this medication. This incldues swelling of the lips, mouth or throat, wheezing or trobule breathing.

Question 20

Lifestyle/self-care of Norfloxacin (2 marks)

Answer 20

Avoid sun exposure, wear protective clothing and use sunscreen as this medication makes you more sensitive to sunlight.

Drink plenty of water while you are taking this medication as this helps to stop crystals forming in your urine.

Monitor for signs of tendon soreness and inflammation, stop taking this medication and tell your doctor if this happens. Especially the achilles tendon (tendon which extends from the calf to heel).

Questions + CMI (1 mark)

I have printed information for you about this medication, is there anything you would like me to explain more? Do you have any questions?

Question 21

This medication is metronidazole and the brand we have given you is called…

Answer 21

flagyl, metrogyl, metronide

comes in 200mg and 400mg tablets

Question 22

Mode of action and indication of metronidazole

Answer 22

Metronidazole belongs to a class of medications known as antiprotozoals and antibacterials. It works by killing or stopping the growth of bacteria and other organisms causing these infections.

It used to treat bacterial vaginosis, dental infections, anaerobic infections and protozoal bacterial infections such as B.fragilis. Also used to prevent or treat certain infections that may occur during surgery.

Question 23

Dose and directions for use (C/A labels) for metronidazole (3 marks)

Answer 23

Adult

200-400mg every 8-12 hours, upto 4g daily. (1-2 tablets every 8-12 hours)

> rectal 1g every 8-12 hours

bacterial vaginosis

400mg twice daily for 7 days (1 tablet twice daily for 7 days)

Child >1month

Oral 7.5mg/kg (maximum 400mg) every 8 hours or 10mg/kg (maximum 400mg) every 12 hours.

CAL labels

2,5

2: do not take alcohol while being treated with this medicine
5: Ask your doctor or pharmacist before using any other medicines including over the counter medicines or health products.

Question 24

AE (common, serious, allergic) of metronidazole (3 marks)

Answer 24

All medications can cause side effects but not everyone will experience them, Dont be alarmed by these side effects as you may not experience any of them. Some common side effects include nausea, vomitting, diarrhoea and metallic taste in your mouth.

Some people being treated with metronidazole can experience mental health problems such as irrational thoughts, hallucinations, feeling confused or feeling depressed, including thoughts of self-harm or suicide. Please inform your doctor if this occurs but its important to know that this is extremely rare :)

If you get a sore, white mouth or tongue while taking or soon after stopping this medicatio, tell your doctor.

Question 25

Lifestyle/self-care of metronidazole

Answer 25

Do not drink alcohol during and for 24 hours after stopping for this medication. To prevent nausea, vomiting, flushing, headache and palpitations (sometimes occur when alcohol is taken with metronidazole).

If you miss a dose, do not take a double dose to make up for the dose you missed.

impt to wash hands well with soap before and after eating or handling food, or handling contact lenses

don’t share drink containers or eating utensils

stay at home, bed rest when you’re feeling unwell

Questions + CMI (1 mark)

I have printed information for you about this medication, is there anything you would like me to explain more? Do you have any questions?