Coultas Lectures 8, 9 Flashcards
Which statement is INCORRECT?
a. Reproducibility is not crucial in scientific experiments with a high impact factor
b. Reproducible observation requires repetition and appropriate controls
c. Science can be considered the knowledge gained from repeated observation or experimentation
d. Reproducibility is a key feature of the scientific method
a. Reproducibility is not crucial in scientific experiments with a high impact factor
In terms of the Scientific Method…
a. A hypothesis can be refined, validated or rejected
b. Observations lead to questions which lead to hypotheses
c. Experiments must be careful designed and controlled
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
What is FALSE about a hypothesis?
a. It is an idea or postulate proposed as a statement of fact
b. It is unproven in its original form
c. It is constructed after experimentation
d. The idea drives the data generated (top-down)
c. It is constructed after experimentation
When formulating a hypothesis…
a. It is best to have an “all or none” approach when designing the statement
b. “Question” type hypotheses should be candidate driven
c. The question should be open ended
d. Candidate driven hypotheses are less likely to show bias
c. The question should be open ended
A question based hypothesis…
a. Is very susecptibple to bias
b. Is limited to one outcome
c. Can support or build new hypotheses
d. Cannot be answered with an experiment
c. Can support or build new hypotheses
What is INCORRECT about a scientific aim?
a. It should answer a biological question
b. It should be technical in nature
c. Aims should not be inter-dependent
d. It should have a knowledge generating objective
b. It should be technical in nature
What is true about a scientific model?
a. It is not distinct from the hypothesis
b. It can be adapted as new data is obtained
c. It is made from “top-down” generated data
d. It does not need to be verified when based on data that has been replicated
b. It can be adapted as new data is obtained
How can you account for reproductibilty and variability?
a. Technical replicates
b. Biological replicates
c. Methodological replicates
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Match the type of control to the right description.
a. Comparative
b. Methodology and reagents
c. Assumption
d. Experimentalist
- Ensures the experiment is providing accurate results
- Prevents inappropriate conclusions
- Minimises bias inherent in the scientist
- Determines the effect of variables on the outcome
a. Comparative
b. Methodology and reagents
c. Assumption
d. Experimentalist
- Ensures the experiment is providing accurate results
- Prevents inappropriate conclusions
- Minimises bias inherent in the scientist
- Determines the effect of variables on the outcome
A4, b1, c2, d3
If I grow my control cells in a different incubator to my experimental cells, what have I done wrong?
a. Violated experimentalist controls via experimenter bias
b. Violated comparative controls via local bias
c. Violated assumption controls via cell extrapolation bias
d. Violated methodology and reagents controls via batch bias
b. Violated comparative controls via local bias
When using methodology and reagent controls…
a. They do not allow quantitative assessment
b. A standard curve can normalise output to input
c. Negative controls can establish a baseline
d. Loading controls consistently act as positive controls
c. Negative controls can establish a baseline
Stating that your new drug that works in mice must be as effective in humans because they are both mammals is an example of violating which control measure?
a. Comparative
b. Assumption
c. Experimentalist
d. Methodology and reagents
b. Assumption
A disadvantage of a question based hypothesis is that is may not provide insight into mechanism or improve understanding of biology.
True
A model should be constructed before generating data.
False
Choosing the correct controls can account for bias and variables.
True
A blinded analysis is the best kind of experimentalist control.
True
What type of control is the following:
I randomly assign mice from the same litter to a test or control group.
Methodological Control - randomisation
Comparative Control - the control group
What can littermate controls control for in animal experiments?
a. Age variation
b. Colony variation
c. Inter-litter variation
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
You can control for genetic variation in animal experiments by using inbred mice
T
Biological replicates represent samples from the same source multiple times
F. These are technical. Biological are from different sources
How can I test for quality control in my cells?
Test for cell identity and test for mycoplasma
Which statement about controls in FACS is INCORRECT?
a. Unstained controls detect autofluorescence and act as negative controls
b. A positive control sample can confirm that the antibody and instrument are working
c. You do not need an isotype control if you already have a positive control sample
d. The FC receptor is an example of an isotype control and measures antigen-independent antibody binding
c. You do not need an isotype control if you already have a positive control sample
What is NOT a rule for setting up FACS experiments?
a. Antibodies and detection reagents must be titrated as a form of methodological control
b. The fluorescence minus one (FMO) control is crucial for gating and avoiding false postivies
c. You must compensate for fluorescence signals and this is a methodological control that prevents false positives
d. The fluorescence minus one (FMO) control does not need to be performed if compensation has been carried out
d. The fluorescence minus one (FMO) control does not need to be performed if compensation has been carried out
