Cough and Cold Flashcards
Why is the flu often underdiagnosed in seniors?
they may not present with a fever or cough
what are the s/sx of bronchitis?
cough starts non-productive and becomes productive
green sputum
what is croup called in older children?
laryngitis
is croup viral or bacterial?
viral
T or F
cough suppressants are useful in croup
false
therapy: humidity
why is epiglottitis rare now a days?
due to Hib vaccine
what are the s/sx of epiglottitis?
4Ds: dysphoria, dysphagia, drooling and distressed respiration
tripod position: sitting upright leaning forward with mouth open and neck and chin extended
how can asthma be differentiated with other causes of cough?
persistent cough with NO other cold symptoms
wheezing/SOB
has a discernable trigger
what are s/sx of strep throat?
no cough
exudate
swollen glands
rash
pain
fever
if a child has all of the symptoms of strep, what is the probability that they actually have strep?
50%
why are antibiotics given in strep throat?
to prevent rheumatic fever
what is the most common cause of rashes/hives in children?
UTRIs
when does fifth/sixth disease present?
after cold symptoms present
what is the presentation of mono?
similar to flu or strep
sore throat (slower onset), fatigue, fever, swollen neck glands
what is considered a post-infectious cough?
nagging cough 18 days after your cold subsides
not contagious
how does vicks early defense nasal spray claim to work?
supposed to “catch” the virus
works as a physical barrier
how does guaifenesin work?
increase airy mucus hydration
increase volume of bronchial secretions
decrease mucus viscosity
what is the dosing of guaifenesin?
200-400mg q4h up to 6x daily
what is risk of using honey in infants for a cough?
risk of botulism with unpasteurised honey
what is the maximum use of topical decongestants of products available in Canada?
7 days
“3 days use” is an issue with phenylephrine which is only available in US
what is peudoephedrines effects on BP and HR?
about 1 mmhg increase in SBP
2.8 bpm increase
likely has been exaggerated
greater increase of blood pressure with pseudoephedrine are associated with _____ doses for ______ durations
increased doses
shorter durations
what disease states should oral decongestants be cautioned in?
CVD
diabetes
angle closure glaucoma
urinary retention/prostate
hyperthyroidism
why is oral decongestant use cautioned in BPH?
treatments for BPH are used to antagonise or reduce alpha
decongestants are alpha agonists
