Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Oxford Cases > Cough > Flashcards

Cough Flashcards

1
Q

Open questions to ask about cough

A 
Acute/chronic
Constant/intermittent
Productive/dry
Blood
Time of coughing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Directed questions about cough

A 
Smoking
Asthma
Allergies
Recent rhinitis/sinusitis
GORD
Drug history
Travel
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Factors associated with cough to suggest possible cause

A

Constitutional changes (fever, night sweats, weight loss)
Breathlessness
Chest pain
Wheeze

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Acute vs chronic cough definition

A

Acute <3 weeks

Chronic >8 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does presence of sputum indicate

A

Inflammation and/or infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the sputum in COPD patients

A

White or clear sputum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When is green or rusty sputum seen?

A

Bronchiectasis

Lung abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When is asthma worst?

A

Nighttime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

5 types of coughs and associated pathology

A 
Wheezy - Airway obstruction
Bovine - Vocal cord paralysis
Dry - Pulmonary fibrosis
Gurgling - Bronchiectasis
Whooping - Pertussis infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of chest pain is notable in cough?

A

Pleuritic chest pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Causes of dry acute cough

A

Major:
Asthma
Rhinitis/sinusitis with post-nasal drip
Upper respiratory tract infection

Minor:
Drug induced
Smoke/toxin inhalation
Inhaled foreign body
Lung cancer
Pulmonary oedema
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Causes of productive acute cough

A

Major:
Lower respiratory tract infection
COPD

Minor:
TB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Causes of chronic dry cough

A

Major:
Asthma
GORD
Post-nasal drip

Minor:
Smoking
Lung cancer
Drug indued
COPD
Pulmonary oedema
Non-asthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis
Psychogenic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Causes of chronic productive cough

A

Chronic bronchitis
Bronchiectasis
TB
Lung cancer

Congenital: CF, Kartagener’s syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Main signs to look for on physical examination suggesting infection

A

Systemic features
Respiratory distress
Tender cervical lymphadenopathy
Lung characterisatics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Systemic features to look for on physical examination of cough

A

Fever
Sweats
Tachycardia

19
Q

Respiratory distress features to look for on physical examination of cough

A

Respiratory rate
Breathing difficulties
Cyanosis
Confusion

20
Q

In a patient with cough, what would tender cervical lymphadenopathy suggest?

A

Upper respiratory tract infection

21
Q

What does a vocal resonance examination differentiate

A

Consolidation (increased resonance) and effusion (reduced resonance)

22
Q

What physical exam differentiates lung consolidation and effusion

A

Vocal resonance

23
Q

Notable signs in patients with cough and COPD history

A

Chest wall deformities
Intercostal recession
Signs of right heart failure
Asterixis

24
Q

Intercostal recession is a sign of…

A

Severe COPD

25
Q

List signs of right heart failure

A 
Peripheral oedema
Raised JVP
Parasternal heave
Loud or palpable P2 heart sound
Tricuspid regurgitation
26
Q

Main investigations for coughing

A

Blood tests

Imaging

27
Q

4 blood tests for coughing

A

Arterial blood gas
Full blood count (WCC raised in infection, neutrophilia if bacterial)
CRP
U&E

28
Q

Compare CO2 baselines between normal and COPD diagnosed individuals

A

CO2 baseline is higher if COPD is present

29
Q

How might a dehydrated patient’s U&E blood tests look like and why

A

U&E might be deranged if dehydration is causing hypoperfusion of kidneys. Urea is an indicator of severity.

30
Q

Imaging modalities for someone with cough

A

Chest X-Ray

Electrocardiogram

31
Q

Purpose of chest X-Ray for coughing

A

Reveal areas of consolidation or pneumothorax

32
Q

Purpose of electrocardiogram for coughing

A

To rule out ischemia or atria, fibrillation secondary to pneumonia
Identify right heart strain in patients with COPD in some cases

33
Q

Scoring system for pneumonia severity

A

CURB-65:

Confusion
Urea
Respiratory rate
Blood pressure
>65 years old
34
Q

CURB-65 scoring breakdown

A 
Confusion: AMTS ≤6
Urea: >7 mM
Respiratory rate: >30/min
Blood pressure: <90 SBP or <60 DBP
>65 years old
35
Q

Why does pulmonary oedema or GORD worsen at night?

A

Positional effects of lying flat worsen these conditoins

36
Q

5 types of coughs?

A 
Wheezy
Bovine (breathy)
Dry
Gurgling
Whooping

Oxford Cases (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions