Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Regulation > Cost Accounting > Flashcards

Cost Accounting Flashcards

1
Q

BEC

What is Cost Accounting?

A

Cost Accounting is a component of GAAP that records Ending Inventory on the Balance Sheet for
o Direct Materials
o Direct Labor
o Work in Process
o Finished Goods

Cost Accounting also records for the Income Statement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

BEC

What is the difference between Cost Accounting and Managerial Accounting?

A

Cost Accounting - External Focus- GAAP

Managerial Accounting - Internal Focus- Not GAAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

BEC

What are Product Costs (aka Inventory Costs)?

A

Prime Costs

Conversion Costs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

BEC

What are included in Prime Costs?

A

Direct Material USED - Have become part of the product or had a direct impact on the product

Direct Labor Used - Employees who worked on product and had direct impact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

BEC

What is Factory Overhead?

A

All factory costs except for DM and DL used in production- including Spoilage (except for abnormal spoilage- which is a period cost and not included in OH).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

BEC

What is included in Fixed Factory Overhead?

A

FFO : Estimated Costs / Normal Capacity

Uses Normal Activity

Examples of Fixed Factory OH: Depreciation (SL)- Utilities- Taxes

Under/Over-applied Fixed OH always goes to COGS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

BEC

What is included in Variable Overhead?

A

VO : Estimated Activity / Actual Activity

Uses Actual Activity

Examples of Variable Factory OH: Deprecation (Units of Prod)- Indirect materials (supplies & insignificant items)- Indirect labor (factory foreman- janitors- machine maintenance)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

BEC

Where is Under/Over-applied Variable OH recorded?

A

If Immaterial - Goes to COGS

If Material - Goes to WIP- Finished Goods- or COGS- based on their Ending Balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

BEC

Where is Under/Over-applied Fixed OH recorded?

A

It always goes to COGS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

BEC

What is indicated by a Debit balance in Actual Factory Overhead? How is it corrected?

A

Under-applied overhead.

If it’s Fixed OH- under-applied goes to COGS.

If it’s Variable OH- under-applied goes to COGS if immaterial- but is allocated to WIP- FG or COGS based on ending balances.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

BEC

What is indicated by a Credit balance in Applied Factory Overhead? How is it corrected?

A

A credit balance indicates over-applied overhead.

If Fixed overhead- it is corrected from COGS.

If Variable overhead- it is corrected through COGS if immaterial- but if material overage is allocated to WIP- FG or COGS based on ending balances.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

BEC

Which variables are used to calculate Direct Material balances?

A

Beginning Balance DR Net purchases (plus freight-in)CR Direct Materials Used
: Ending balance (goes to BS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

BEC

What variables are used to calculated Work in Process (WIP)?

A

Beginning Balance (End Bal of Previous WIP)DR Direct Materials UsedDR Direct Labor Used (Conversion Cost)CR COGMDR Factory Overhead Applied (Conversion Cost)
: Ending Balance (Goes to BS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

BEC

What variables are included in Finished Goods calculations?

A

Beginning BalanceDR COGM
: COGAS (Cost of Goods Avail for Sale)
CR COGS
: Ending Balance (Goes to BS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

BEC

How does Freight In affect Cost Accounting calculations?

A

Inventory (Product) Cost

Part of DM Purchases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

BEC

How does Freight Out affect Cost Accounting?

A

Selling (Period) Cost

Not part of inventory

17
Q

BEC

When is Job-Order Costing used?

A

Used when costs are easily connected to a specific product or product line

Can also be applied to services

Calculation is the same as normal cost accounting - just use your T Accounts
- DM to WIP to FG to COGS
- You’re likely going to be solving for the last job in the queue

18
Q

BEC

What is the Direct Method for allocating service department costs?

A

No services allocated between service departments- even if they serve each other. Only allocate to product(s)

19
Q

BEC

What is the Step Method for allocating service department costs?

A

Services can be allocated to both other service departments and the product(s)

20
Q

BEC

Under process costing- how are the units shipped calculated?

A

Beginning Inventory+ Units Started- Ending Inventory
: No. Units Shipped

21
Q

BEC

Which two inventory methods are used under Process Costing?

A

FIFO

Weighted Average

22
Q

BEC

What is another name for Process Costing?

A

Equivalent Units of Production

23
Q

BEC

How will Equivalent Finished Units under FIFO compare to EFU under the Weighted Average method?

A

EFU FIFO will always be LESS than EFU Weighted Avg (unless Beginning Inventory is Zero)

24
Q

BEC

How are Direct Materials calculated under the Weighted Average Method?

A

Beginning Inventory + Current Costs / EFU WA

25
Q

BEC

How are Conversion Costs calculated under Weighted Average Method?

A

Beginning Inventory + Current Costs / EFU WA

26
Q

BEC

How are Equivalent Finished Units calculated for Direct Materials?

A

Units Shipped + EI x % Complete DM
: EFU (Weighted Average Method)

  • Beginning Inventory x % Complete
    : EFU (FIFO)
27
Q

BEC

How are Equivalent Finished Units calculated for Conversion Costs?

A

Units Shipped+ EI x % Complete CC
: EFU (Weighted Average)

  • Beginning Inventory x % Complete
    : EFU (FIFO)
28
Q

BEC

How are Direct Materials calculated under the FIFO method?

A

Current Costs / EFU FIFO

Note: FIFO method uses Current Period costs only and ignores Beginning Inventory

29
Q

BEC

How are Conversion Costs calculated under the FIFO method?

A

Current Costs / EFU FIFO

FIFO method uses Current Period costs only and ignores Beginning Inventory

30
Q

BEC

How is WIP calculated?

A

Beginning balance (DM- DL- OH)+ Current Costs (DM- DL- OH)- COGM (Goes to Finished Goods)+ DM EFU x Cost per DM EFU+ CC EFU x Cost per CC EFU
: Ending WIP

31
Q

BEC

How do period costs and product costs relate to net sales- gross margin and operating income?

A

Net Sales - Product Costs
: Gross Margin
- Period Costs
: Operating Income

32
Q

BEC

What is the focus of Activity Based Costing (ABC)?

A

Focuses on eliminating non-value-added activities for poor quality and inventory and things customers don’t want or don’t care about

Inventory is expensive to store and storing something is not a value-added expenditure

Uses Cost Pools - Different departments can have different OH rates

Uses Several OH rates based on Activity - Cost Pool / Cost Driver

33
Q

BEC

How do Cost Pools and Allocations compare under ABC versus traditional costing system?

A

Cost Pools and Allocations increase compared to a traditional costing system

34
Q

BEC

What is Backflush Costing?

A

Connected to Just-in-Time Production- which is part of Activity-Based Costing and Total Quality Management (TQM)

  • Works backward to flush out COGS
  • Mostly GAAP
35
Q

BEC

What are the characteristics of By-Products?

A

Usually immaterial and common costs aren’t allocated to them
Low Market Value
Can be valued at NRV
Can be treated as a contra expense and netted against COGS - Can be treated as a contra sale and netted against Sales
Recognition rules are very flexible with valuing and classifying by-products

36
Q

BEC

What are Cost Functions?

A

Measure how costs change relative to activity levels

High-Low Method

Change in Cost (High-Low pts) / Change in Activity (High-Low pts)

Regulation (37 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions