Cosmetology Exam Flashcards
The natural nail is part of what system?
Integumentary
The natural nail is composed mainly of a hard, fiber-shaped__________.
Protein
Which statement is true of the nail plate?
It is more porous than normal skin of equal thickness.
As it grows the __________ slides across the nail bed.
Nail plate
The nail plate is formed by the __________.
Matrix cells
Which of the following may appear to be one solid piece, but is actually constructed of about 100 layers of nail cells?
Nail Plate
The part of the nail that extends over the tip of the finger or toe is called the _________.
Free edge
The portion of living skin that supports the nail plate is the nail _________.
Bed
Which part of the nail unit is richly supplied with blood vessels and with nerves?
Nail Bed
The nail bed contains many nerves and is attached to the nail plate with a thin layer of tissue called the __________.
Bed Epithelium
Karen is very nervous at her first job interview. Her hands are sweating so much that she thinks her fingernails are sweating. In reality, from which part of the nail unit is the sweat most likely arising?
Nail folds
Nail polish is applied to the
Nail plate
The area of the nail where the nail plate cells are formed is the __________.
Matrix
The lighter color of the ___________ shows the true color of the matrix
Lunula
The dead, colorless tissue attached to the natural nail plate is the __________.
Cuticle
The living skin at the base of the nail plate is the __________.
Eponychium
The slightly thickened layer of skin that lies between the fingertip and the free edge of the natural nail plate is the ____________.
Hyponychium
When clipping his own nails, Jose accidentally (and painfully) clips the skin under the nail between the fingertip and the free edged. What has he clipped?
Hyponychium
The nail bed and matrix bed are attached to the underlying bone by __________.
Ligaments
The skin that overlaps the side of the nail is called the __________.
Sidewall
Normal, healthy nails grow in a variety of shapes, depending upon the shape of the __________.
Matrix
A longer nail matrix produces a __________ nail plate.
Thicker
Nail growth rates increase dramatically during _________.
The last trimester of pregnancy
As a person ages, parts of the nail matrix begin to permanently slow down production, causing __________.
The plate to develop a series of narrow grooves running down the length of the plate.
The surface of a healthy natural nail should be __________.
Smooth and unspotted
Clients with skin or nails that are infected, inflamed, or swollen should be referred to a(n)_________.
Physician
Visible depressions running across the width of the natural nail plate that are the result of a major illness or injury are know as __________.
Beau’s lines
What is a nail condition in which blood clots form under the nail plate due to a small injury of the nail plate?
Bruised nails
Which type of nail has a noticeably thin, white nail plate, and is more flexible than a normal nail?
Eggshell
When the eponychium or other living tissue surrounding the nail plate becomes split or torn, a __________occurs.
Hangnail
Which treatment should be suggested to an individual with a simple hangnail?
Hot oil manicure
Redness, pain, and swelling are best described as signs of a(n) __________.
Infection
Minor damage to the matrix that produces a whitish discoloration or white spot on the nails is known as __________.
Leukonychia
Leukonychia spots result from _________.
Injury to the nail matrix
A dark band within the nail plate extending from the base to the free edge due to increased pigmentation is known as __________.
Melanonychia
Melanocytes are __________.
Pigment cells
An individual who bites his or her nails be said to have __________.
Onychophagy
Split or brittle nails with a series of lengthwise ridges and a rough appearance to the surface of the nail plate is known as __________.
Onychorrhexis
Excessive use of __________ can cause onychorrhexis.
Cuticle removers
A highly curved nail plate often called “folded nail,” caused by the injury to the matrix or inherited, is a(n) _________.
Plicatured nail
__________ often leads to ingrown nails.
Plicatured nails
Ridges running vertically down the natural nail plate are caused by __________.
Uneven growth and age
Physical trauma or injury to the nail bed that damages the capillaries and allow small amounts of blood flow results in _________.
Splinter hemorrhages
The disorder in which the edges of the nail plate curl around to form a sharp cone at the free edge is called ___________.
Trumpet nail
Moriah has a nail deformity. The general term for her condition is __________.
Onychosis
Inflammation of the nail matrix followed by shedding of the natural nail plate is known as __________.
Onychia
Which of the following is an infectious nail condition?
Onychomycosis
___________ Refers to a fungal infection of the nail.
Onychomycosis
Which parasite, under some conditions, can cause infections to the feet and hands?
Fungi
If a cosmetologist provides a service to a client with a fungal infection, it is __________ that the cosmetologist will get that infection from the client.
Extremely unlikely
Discoloration of the nail plate from infections of the fingernails or toenails are usually the result of a ___________.
Bacterial infection
A naturally occurring skin bacterium that can grow out of control and cause nail infections, incorrectly referred to as mold, is __________.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
In the early stages, a typical bacterial infection on the nail plate can be identified as a _________.
Yellow-green spot
Severe inflammation of the nail in which a lump of red tissue grows up from the nail bed to the nail plate is called __________.
Pyogenic granuloma
A friend shows you paperwork from a doctor stating that he has tines pedis. What is his condition?
Athlete’s foot
Tiny pits or severe roughness on the surface of the nail plate is an indication of __________.
Nail psoriasis
An ingrown nail is called a(n) __________.
Onychocryptosis
The lifting of the nail plate from the bed without shedding is a sign of __________.
Onycholysis
___________ May be caused by an allergic reaction of the nail bed.
Onycholysis
Onychomadesis is the separation and falling off of a nail plate and can typically be traced to ___________.
Local infection
The though band of fibrous tissue that connects bone is the ___________.
Ligaments
__________are always be positioned lengthwise in the direction of growth.
Splinter hemorrhages
Chlorine bleach as a disinfectant should be changed __________.
Daily
Chlorine bleach solutions can be used to
Sanitize and disinfectant
TDLR classifies chlorine bleach solutions into 3 categories based on
Concentration and exposure time
The 3 categories of chlorine bleach solutions are
Low level disinfection, high level disinfection and blood and body fluid cleanup and disinfection
The mix ratio for a low level disinfection chlorine bleach solution
2 teaspoons bleach to one gallon water
The mix ratio for high level chlorine bleach solutions is
1/3 c bleach to 1-gallon water
The mix ratio chlorine bleach solution for blood and body fluid cleanup and disinfection is
1 1/3 c bleach to 1- gallon water
An EPA-registered bactericidal, fungicidal and virucidal chemical is a
Disinfectant
Using chemicals to destroy pathogens on implements and on hard, non porous surfaces.
Disinfecting
What 2 chemicals does TDLR recommend for destroying most pathogens on a surface.
EPA registered disinfectant and bleach
Destroying all forms of bacteria and other microorganisms including bacterial spores
Sterilizing
A low - level chlorine bleach solution has an immersion time of
10 minutes
A high - level disinfection chlorine bleach solution has an immersion time of
20 minutes
A blood and body fluid cleanup and disinfection chlorine bleach solution is called
10% bleach solution
Prior to disinfection, the surface must be
Cleaned
Disinfectants become inactivated when
They become visibly contaminated
To disinfect electrical equipment, you
Use a spray on disinfectant
Rules to follow when using and mixing disinfectants are written by
The manufacturer
Chlorine bleach solution used for salon disinfections is mixed
Daily
Chlorine bleach solutions shall not be exposed to
Sunlight
Recommend immersion time for shears in high level chlorine bleach solution is
2 minutes
Recommend immersion time for shears in a blood level chlorine bleach solution is
5 minutes
According to TDLR salon chairs and hood drys do not need to be disinfected
Prior to each client
Non - cosmetology items are stored
In separate drawers/areas from cosmetology related items
TDLR requires the shampoo bowls and manicure tables be disinfected
Prior to each client
Floors in the cosmetology establishment must be cleaned
Each day
Hair cuttings are to be swept
After each cut
Cut hair must be deposited in a
Closed trash can
Trash cans must be emptied
Every day
If a plastic liner is not available, trash cans are kept clean by
Washing daily
Towels must be washed in
Hot water and bleach
All cosmetology products must be properly labeled according to _________ rules
OSHA
Cosmetologists must wash their hands or use hand sanitizer
Prior to serving each client
Which of the following products is prohibited in a salon/school
Methyl methacrylate liquid monomers
Razor type callus shavers (Credo blades) can be used on
No one
Alum or other astringents that stop the flow of blood can be used as long as they are in this form
Liquid
The purpose of styptic and alum is to
Stop active bleeding
Formalin/formaldehyde fumigant are a form of disinfectant that
Cannot be used in the salon
How long may a licensee work with an expired license
None of the choices is correct (can’t work)
What is the cost to put your license on inactive status
$0
Manicure and pedicure tools that are made of metal must be
Cleaned, disinfected, sterilized
According to TDLR, buffer blocks and porous nail files that have not been exposed to blood or body fluids may be
Brushed to remove debris then sprayed with EPA or chlorine bleach solution
Soiled towels are kept in __________ until they can be washed
A covered container
All products in a cosmetology establishment must be properly labeled in accordance with __________ rules
OSHA
Before disinfecting, electric drill made of diamond, carbide and metal must be cleaned by
Using a brush, ultrasonic cleaner, immersing in acetone for 5-10 min
All choices are correct
After each client, whirlpools foot spas are decontaminated in the following sequence
Drain, remove debris, wash with soap or detergent, disinfect with EPA and wiped dry
Cleaning and disinfecting records for foot spas, foot basins and any pedicure soak tub must be kept on record for how many days?
60
Dirty wigs must be kept in/on a __________ until ready to be cleaned
Closed container
Is it necessary to disinfectant tools used to style wigs?
Yes
Is it necessary to disinfectant the needle used to sew in hair extensions?
Yes
Alum, styptic and cyanoacrylate are used to stop bleeding. In which forms my they be used in the salon/school
Liquid/powder
If a porous item becomes contaminated with blood, you should
Double bag it and place in a closed trash container or biohazard box
Licensees must not penetrate the __________ layer of the skin
Dermis
The only type of animals allowed in the cosmetology establishment are service animals and
Fish in covered aquariums
You may keep alum or styptic in lump or stick form in the salon/school as long a you don’t intend to use it on customers
No, these items are never allowed in the salon, ever
MMA methyl methacrylate liquid monomers may be used in the salon
MMA is illegal in the salon, so never
What areas in the salon may have carpeted floors
Reception area
Why are holes and cracked surfaces such as walls floors and countertops not allowed in the salon/school
They cannot be disinfected
What does “potable” water mean?
Safe to drink, cook with, bathe in.
All answers are correct
How many restrooms must be located in or near he salon/school
1
