COSH SET 2 LESSON Flashcards
an occurrence or event that is unexpected, unforeseen, unplanned and unwanted that may or may not cause damage, injury, fatality, loss or work stoppage
accident
two (2) primary causes of accident
- unsafe act
- unsafe condition
primary cause of accident:
the human action that departs from a standard or written job procedure or common practice, safety rules, regulations, or instructions
unsafe act
primary cause of accident:
the physical or chemical property of a material, machine or the environment which could result in injury to a person, damage or destruction to property or other forms of losses
unsafe condition
associated with poorly guarded or dangerous equipment and machinery that may cause injury
safety hazard
associated with exposure to dangerous substance or conditions that may cause illness/disease
health hazard
hierarchy of control
- elimination
- substitution
- isolation
- engineering control
- administrative control
- personal protective equipment (PPE)
hierarchy of control:
the process of avoiding the source of hazard and the risk it creates
elimination
hierarchy of control:
the process of hazard reduction by providing alternative to promote lesser risk
substitutuion
hierarchy of control:
limit exposure of people to the hazard and risk
isolation
hierarchy of control:
risk reduction through engineering changes or changes to the systems of work. (construction of barrier, guard, etc.)
engineering control
hierarchy of control:
use administrative actions to minimize exposure to hazards and to reduce the level of harm. (policy interventions, providing guidelines, etc.)
administrative control
hierarchy of control:
use of specialized clothing or gears to protect people from harm
personal protective equipment (PPE)
rule 1060 pertains to the _____
premises of establishments
- space requirements
- construction railings
- toe boards
- stairs
- fixed ladder
rule 1410 pertains to the _____
construction safety
- excavation safety
- scaffolding safety
space requirement:
workroom height ≥ _____ meters
2.7 meters
minimum
space requirement:
air–conditioned workroom height ≥ _____ meters
2.4 meters
minimum
space requirement:
maximum no. of person: 1 person per _____ cubic meter space
11.5 cubic meter
space requirement:
passage between machine/equipment ≥ _____ meter
0.60 meter
minimum
construction railings:
rail height ≥ _____ meter
1 meter
minimum
construction railings:
rail post spacing ≥ _____ meters
2 meters
minimum
construction railings:
wood rail dimension for top rail and post
2 x 4 inches
construction railings:
wood rail dimension for intermediate rail
2 x 2 inches
construction railings:
pipe rail dimension
30 millimeters (1 inch) diameter
construction railings:
angle bar rail dimension for top rail and post
1.5 x 1.5 x 0.2 inches
construction railings:
angle bar rail dimension for intermediate rail
1.3 x 1.3 x 0.12 inches
toe boards:
toe board height ≥ _____ centimeters
15 centimeters (6 inches)
minimum
toe boards:
toe board clearance above floor level ≤ _____ millimeters
6 millimeters
maximum
stairs:
stair strength ≥ _____ kg/sq.m. with FS = _____
- 490 kg/sq.m. (100 lbs/sq.ft)
- FS = 4
minimum
stairs:
stair width including handrails ≥ _____ meters
1.10 meters (43 inches)
minimum
stairs:
stair width without handrails ≥ _____ meter
0.90 meter (35 inches)
minimum
stairs:
stairs should be provided for pitch between _____° to _____° from horizontal or following the stairway slope (H:V)
30° to 38° (pitch is greater than or equal to 20°, but less than or equal to 45°)
- stairs — 45° ≥ pitch ≥ 20°
- ramp — pitch < 20°
- fixed ladder — pitch > 40°
stairs:
ramp should be provided, instead of stairs, for pitch < _____°
20°
stairs:
fixed ladder should be provided, instead of stairs, for pitch > _____°
40°
stairs:
height between stair landings ≤ _____ meters
3.6 meters (12 feet)
maximum
stairs:
stair headroom (vertical clearance) ≥ _____ meters
2 meters (6 feet and 7 inches)
minimum
stairs:
stair treads ≥ _____ centimeters (exclusive of nosing and projections)
25 centimeters (9 inches)
minimum
stairs:
stair risers ≤ _____ centimeters
20 centimeters (8 inches)
maximum
fixed ladder:
fixed ladder should be _____
metal
fixed ladder:
fixed ladder pitch ≤ _____°
90°
maximum
fixed ladder:
distance from centerline of rungs to fixed object on the climbing side ≥ _____ centimeters for pitch of 75°
90 centimeters (35 inches)
minimum
fixed ladder:
distance from centerline of rungs to fixed object on the climbing side ≥ _____ centimeters for pitch of 90°
75 centimeters (30 inches)
minimum
fixed ladder:
fixed ladder landings for every _____ meters or fraction thereof
6 meters (20 feet)
fixed ladder:
members of shoring and timbering
- sheating (sheeting)
- wale
- strut
member of shoring and timbering:
the vertical member of shoring and timbering which directly resists pressure from side of an excavation
sheating (sheeting)
member of shoring and timbering:
the longitudinal member of shoring and timbering which directly resists pressure from sheathing
wale
member of shoring and timbering:
the transverse member of shoring and timbering which directly resists pressure from sheathing or wales
strut
a temporary structure of timber or metal work with a platform used in the construction, alteration, or demolition of a building, or other maintenance work used to support workers or to allow the hoisting and lowering of workers, their tools, and materials
scaffold
three (3) types of scaffold
- single scaffold
- double scaffold
- suspended scaffold
type of scaffold:
a platform supported by a single row of uprights or standards tied along the wall, connected horizontally by a ledger, and supporting putlogs which rests on ledger on one side and in holes left in walls on the other
single scaffold
type of scaffold:
a platform supported on two rows of uprights or standards parallel to the wall of a building connected by horizontal ledgers and is independent from the building wall
double scaffold
type of scaffold:
a scaffold suspended by means of ropes or chains capable of being lowered or raised by winch, pulley, block, or such other means
suspended scaffold
members of scaffold
- standard / upright
- ledger / stringer
- putlogs / bearer
- brace
member of scaffold:
the vertical member of scaffold transmitting the load to the ground or to a base plate
standard / upright
member of scaffold:
a scaffold bracing, which extends horizontally from standard to standard forming right angles with the putlogs and forms a tie between the standards
ledger / stringer
member of scaffold:
a scaffold member spanning between a ledger and a building wall or between two ledgers upon which the platform rests
putlogs / bearer
member of scaffold:
a scaffold member that holds standards or uprights in a fixed position to prevent any lateral movement
brace
excavation safety:
the walls of every excavation over _____ meter deep shall be supported by adequate shoring and timbering to prevent collapse; except for excavation in which workers are not required to enter, cut in solid rock, walls sloped to 45° or at angle of repose
1 meter (3 feet)
excavation safety:
shoring or timbering in excavation over _____ meters shall be designed by a structural engineer and approved by the proper authority
6.6 meters (29 feet)
excavation safety:
every excavation over _____ meter shall be kept free of water at all times
1 meter (3 feet)
excavation safety:
tools or materials shall be kept a minimum of _____ meter away from the edge of the excavation to prevent their being knocked down into the excavation
1 meter (3 feet)
excavation safety:
no vehicle or other machinery shall be driven, operated or located near the edge of an excavation at least a distance _____ of its depth
one-third (1/3)
excavation safety:
every excavation over _____ meter deep shall be provided with means of access and escape in case of flooding or collapse of the excavation work
1 meter (3 feet)
excavation safety:
every excavation shall have at least one (1) ladder as means of ingress and egress in every _____ meters of length or fraction thereof, of a length, which shall extend at least _____ meter above the top of the excavation to provide a firm handhold when stepping on or off the ladder
16.6 meters (50 feet)
0.83 meter (2 feet & 6 inches)
excavation safety:
sheathing (sheeting) shall not be less than _____ centimeters in section
5 x 15 centimeters (2 x 6 inches)
excavation safety:
wales shall not be less than _____ centimeters in section
10 x 15 centimeters (4 x 6 inches)
excavation safety:
struts shall not be less than _____ centimeters in section
10 x 15 centimeters (4 x 6 inches)
scaffolding safety:
timber/bamboo scaffoldings shall be limited to a height of _____ meters from the ground or base
20 meters
scaffolding safety:
at heights over 20 meters, _____ should be used designed by a structural engineer
structural metals
scaffolding safety:
in single scaffold, the standard shall be placed at _____ to _____ meters apart at a distance of _____ meter from the wall, connected horizontally by ledgers spaced vertically at _____ to _____ meters on centers; putlogs shall be placed in the holes left in the walls
1.18 to 2.43 meters (4 to 8 feet)
1 meter (3 feet)
1.51 meters to 1.81 meters (5 to 6 feet)
scaffolding safety:
the size of the standard shall not be less than _____ centimeters in diameter or its equivalent
8.9 centimeters (3 inches)
scaffolding safety:
when it is necessary to extend a standard, the overlaps shall not be less than _____ centimeters
60 centimeters (23 inches)
scaffolding safety:
in double scaffold, the outer row shall be at a distance of _____ to _____ meters from the wall
1.22 to 1.32 meters
scaffolding safety:
in double scaffold, the putlogs shall rest entirely on the _____
ledgers
scaffolding safety:
the size of the standards for double scaffold shall not be less than _____ centimeters in diameter or its equivalent
10 centimeters
scaffolding safety:
the overlap of the standards for double scaffold shall not be less than _____ centimeters
15 centimeters
scaffolding safety:
when the platform is not more than 2 meters (6 feet) above the ground floor, the minimum width of the platform for painters, decorators, and similar types of workers is _____ centimeters
30 centimeters (12 inches)
scaffolding safety:
when the platform is not more than 2 meters (6 feet) above the ground floor, the minimum width of the platform for all other types of workers and tools is _____ centimeters
50 centimeters (20 inches)
scaffolding safety:
when the platform is more than 2 meters (6 feet) above the ground floor, the minimum width of the platform for men, tools and materials is _____ meter
1 meter (3 feet)
scaffolding safety:
when the platform is more than 2 meters (6 feet) above the ground floor, the minimum width of the platform for men, tools, materials and vehicles is _____ meters
1.5 meters (5 feet)
scaffolding safety:
a scaffold platform shall not project beyond its end support to a distance exceeding _____ times the thickness of the plank, unless secured to prevent tipping
4
scaffolding safety:
fall protection equipment is required when working in a height of _____ meters
2 meters
scaffolding safety:
over _____ meters, workers are required to use fall arrest equipment
10 meters
scaffolding safety:
all personnel involved in scaffolding activities shall have appropriate _____ and _____
training and certification
prevents you from falling (e.g., guardrails, covers, restraints)
fall protection system
protect you after you fall: they stop the fall before you hit the surface. (net/mesh, body harness)
fall arrest system
HIRAC stands for _____
Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Control
process of HIRAC
- classify work activities
- identify hazard
- conduct risk assessment (analyze and estimate risk from each hazard) by calculating or estimating likelihood of occurrence and severity of hazard
- decide if risk is tolerable and apply control measures (if necessary)
a formal process to identify the dangers of specific job/activity in order to reduce the risk of injury to workers
job hazard analysis