COS 332 July Exam 2022 Flashcards

1
Q

A layer in the protocol stack generally provides services for…

A

the layer above it.

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2
Q

Name two directory access protocols

A
  • LDAP
  • X.500
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3
Q

The primary metric used by interior gateway protocols is…

A

cost

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4
Q

A Network Information Centre (NIC)…

A
  • provides information about the current status of an ISP’s network
  • allocates IP addresses to ISPs and some other organizations
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5
Q

Bootstrapping

A

An example of a DHCP protocol which is used by networking administration to give IP addresses to each member of that network for participating with other networking devices by the main server.

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6
Q

On which ISO OSI layers does error checking primarily occur?

A

2, 4, and 7

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7
Q

To organize and rearrange various X11 windows on a display, one needs…

A

A window manager at the X11 server

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8
Q

Name a data stream that generally works better with an unreliable layer 4 protocol

A

Audio

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9
Q

When writing an application that will be a server in a client-server architecture, the open socket in the applications would…

A

wait for connections.

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10
Q

UTF-8 is deemed to be self-synchronising because…

A

If a transmission error occurs, the recipient will be able to determine where a new character starts

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11
Q

A multipart MIME representation uses a ‘boundary’ to indicate..

A

the start of a new part.

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12
Q

A multipart MIME representation boundary contains…

A

A random string of characters

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13
Q

TCP attempts to reduce data loss on a network under the assumption that . . . is the primary cause of data loss.

A

congestion

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14
Q

IPng is currently referred to as…

A

IPv6

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15
Q

20.15.1.1 would have been a class . . . network address.

A

A

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16
Q

Multicasting

A

How routers within an organization typically discover other routers on OSI layer 3.

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17
Q

IPv4 addresses are typically used…

A

in routing tables, to identify a network.

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18
Q

The IPv4 private network address ranges.

A

10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

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19
Q

In a routing table, the entry 0.0.0.0/0

A

identifies the default gateway

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20
Q

If a router sends a destination unreachable ICMP message, the value of the ICMP code field will:

A

explain the reason the destination is unreachable.

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21
Q

In networking, ‘tunneling’ refers to

A

encapsulating packets of one protocol in packets of another protocol, where the second protocol was not designed to carry packets of the former protocol.

22
Q

A BBS (bulletin board system) was mostly used for

A

Uploading and downloading software

23
Q

The nom.za domain is intended to allow…

A

individuals to register subdomains within it.

24
Q

IANA’s website

A

The place to obtain an authoritative list of TLD registries from.

25
Q

This ISO OSI layer is useful in web conferencing, in which the streams of audio and video must be synchronous.

A

Layer 5

26
Q

EGPs

A

Exterior Gateway Protocols - The class of protocols used for routing between autonomous systems

27
Q

In a client-server model, interaction between the client and the server is best characterized as…

A

the exchange of requests and responses

28
Q

For X11 output, one can generally control the size of the displayed window through the . . . parameter

A

Geometry

29
Q

If MIME is deemed to be a data communications protocol, it would fit best on . . . of the ISO OSI model

A

Layer 6

30
Q

Fieldata

A

An old character encoding scheme

31
Q

Which person worked as the RFC-editor in the early years of the internet?

A

Jon Postel

32
Q

Accept-Charset

A

A header used by an HTTP header to indicate the character encodings it is able to handle

33
Q

Name 3 ASN.1 constructors.

A
  • CHOICE
  • SEQUENCE
  • SET
34
Q

Base64 is a popular content transfer encoding that represents…

A

arbitrary data using 7-bit ASCII values.

35
Q

Reliable protocols are usually …

A

connection-oriented

36
Q

A window advertisement in a TCP segment indicates…

A

the available memory in the receive buffer of the sender

37
Q

When port classifications are sorted from the class containing the lowest port numbers to the class containing the highest port numbers, the resulting order would be…

A

Well-known, Registered, Dynamic

38
Q

The notion of ‘port forwarding’ is important in the context of

A

NAT boxes

39
Q

Zero suppression in IPv6

A

One continuous sequence of zero-valued field in any address may be omitted, and the omission is indicated using two adjacent colons.

40
Q

IPSEC

A

A standard that is useful in the encryption of messages on each link between routers

41
Q

Name five (5) fields in a TCP header

A
  • Destination Port
  • Source Port
  • Sequence Number (SEQ)
  • Acknowledgement Number (ACK)
  • Window
42
Q

The RIR which manages Africa.

A

AFRINIC

43
Q

The RIR which manages Asia and the Pacific.

A

APNIC

44
Q

The RIR which manages North America.

A

ARIN

45
Q

The RIR which manages Latin America.

A

LACNIC

46
Q

The RIR which manages Europe, the Middle East and parts of Central Asia.

A

RIPE

47
Q

NAT Box

A

A NAT box connects an internal network to en external network

48
Q

Class A IP address range

A

1.0.0.0 - 127.0.0.0

49
Q

Class B IP address range

A

128.0.0.0 - 191.255.0.0

50
Q

Class C IP address range

A

192.0.0.0 - 223.255.255.0

51
Q

Class D IP address range

A

224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255

52
Q

Class E IP address range

A

240.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255