Corticosteroids Flashcards
2 types of corticosteroids and where are they produced?
Glucocorticoids
Mineralocorticoids
Adrenal cortex
Were are GC receptors located
everywhere
Where are MC receptors located
Epithelial cells in kidney. colon and bladder
What are GC used as
anti-inflammatory drugs
What are MC used for and what is an MC example
regulate elctrolyte balance in the kidney
ALdosterone
Why is there low activity of GC in the liver
Low activity in the kidney due to activation of 11- beta- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
What do GC do
Bind to GC receptor in cytoplasm
Raise blood glucose level
What do MC do
bind to MC receptor expressed by mainly kidney, epithelial cells of colon and bladder, maintain electrolyte balance
What are the three domains of GC receptors
Activation domain
RNA binding domain
Ligand binding domain
How do steroids receptors act
Bind to DNA as dimers to regulate transcription
GC receptor dimer bind to specific hormone response elements on target genes
Actions of GC
Metabolic
anti-inflammatory
Immunosuppressive
What disease is caused by a decrease in Corticosteroids
Addison’s disease
What disease is caused by an increase in Corticosteroids
Cushing’s syndrome
action of GC on the liver
Decrease in glucose uptake and utilisation
increase in gluconeogenesis
What can hyperglycaemia lead to
Decrease in protein synthesis
Increase in protein breakdown
Can lead to muscle wasting
