Corticosteroid Adverse Effects Flashcards
CS opthalmic adverse effects may include…
Typical eyedrop side fx, but also an immunosuppressant, so watch for…
Stinging, redness, tearing, burning
Secondary infection
Cataracs, glaucoma
inhalation of CS adverse effects may include…
What do we council people for asthma?
Thrush
Hoarseness, dry mouth
Dysphoria
Trouble swallowing
Inhaled CS adverse effects can be minimized by…
Rinsing mouth after usage
Nasal instillation CS adverse effects include…
Rhinorrhea, sneezing
Burning
Bloody nose
Nasal CS adverse effects can be minimized, via…
Pointing away from the nasal septum
Topical CS adverse effects include…
Skin atrophy
Spider veins
Burning/Irritation
Tachyphylaxis possible
Early manifestations of CNS effects from CS include…
Euphoria
Insomnia
Restlessness
Memory Impairment
Late manifestations of CNS effects from CS’s include…
Altered mood: depression, mania, psychosis
CNS effects of CS are often ____ and go away when ____
Dose-related; go away when discontinuing the medication
CS may provoke opthalmic issues via…
Increasing intraocular pressure
Eye conditions that CS can cause or worsen include…
Cataracts
Glaucoma
These kinds of CS have higher risk of developing/worsening opthalmic issues…
Topical CS - opthalmic
Risk factors for developing or worsening cataracts include…
Daily dosing, cumulative dosing, long duration, older age
Development of cataracts from CS adverse effect is…
Permanent or not?
Irreversible; therefore routine eye exams are important for long-term CS users
Risk factors that may increase risk of worsening/developing glaucoma with CS include…
Involves other medical conditions
Pre-existing condition or family history, diabetes, RA
Onset of glaucoma usually occurs…
Is it permanent?
Within weeks, and subsides when discontinued
Hypercortisolism alters normal fat distribution, which manifests as…
Centripetal obesity
AKA cushingoid features
The signs of centripetal obesity are…
Moon face
Buffalo hump
Protuberant abdomen
Cushingoid features onset usually occurs ____ and is usually dependent on ____
First couple months - usually dose and duration dependent
Discontinuation of CS usually resolves symptoms
GI side effects from CS include…
What could be done to help with this?
GI upset, dyspepsia - Take with food
CS used in conjunction with NSAID’s may increase risk of…
Peptic ulcer disease
Increases in BG occur with oral CS use, due to…
induction of gluconeogenesis and decreased utilization of glucose by the tissues
Also has effect on glucagon and catecholamines
Can happen in people with or without diabetes
Effect on BG from CS usage is…
Outcome?
Usually mild - dose related
More common in prednisone doses >15 mg/day
Elevated BG from CS may persist…
For months upon discontinuation
Sodium + water retention from CS usage occurs because of…
The variety of actions CS may have on the kidney and its vasculature