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PRITE Neurosciences > Cortex Anatomy > Flashcards

Cortex Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Frontal lobes (function & parts)

A
  1. Primary motor cortex (precentral gyrus)
  2. Impulse control/judgement (orbitofrontal cortex)
  3. Socialization (some aspects of emotion)
  4. Executive functioning (planning of movements)
  5. Working memory
  6. Language production (Broca’s Area)
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2
Q

Parietal lobes (function & parts)

A
  1. Primary sensory/somatosensory cortex (post central gyrus)
  2. Knowledge of numbers
  3. Visuospatial processing, R-L orientation
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3
Q

Temporal lobes (function & parts)

A
  1. Primary auditory cortex
  2. Hippocampus (memory)
  3. Wernicke’s areas (understanding language)
  4. Comprehension/naming
  5. Recognition of faces
  6. Visual processing
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4
Q

Occipital lobe (function & parts)

A
  1. Primary visual cortex -Lesions lead to visual field abnormalities
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5
Q

Cerebellum (function & parts)

A
  1. Sensory perception
  2. Motor coordination/learning
  3. Proprioception
  4. Equilibrium
  5. Posture
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6
Q

Basal ganglia (function & parts)

A
  1. Striatum (putamen/cuadate/nucleus accumbens)
  2. Globus pallidus
  3. Subthalamic nucleus
  4. Substantia nigra
    - Associated with coordination of movement
    - Motor tracts go through the striatum
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7
Q

Abnormalities of the basal ganglia include:

A

PD, Tourette’s, CP, dystonia, OCD and TD

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8
Q

Frontal lobe’s function in the MMSE?

A

Maintains focus and attention during the exam

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9
Q

Temporal lobe’s function in the MMSE?

A

Stores memory of previously learned words/info and orientation

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10
Q

Occipital lobe’s function in the MMSE?

A

Any action with reading/writing

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11
Q

Basal ganglia’s function in the MMSE?

A

Motor coordination

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12
Q

What lobes of the brain are involved in orientation questions?

A
  1. Frontal lobe - attention, reasoning. Medial prefrontal is associated with orientation to person.
  2. Temporal lobe - Memory storage, spatial memory.
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13
Q

What lobes of the brain are involved in recall questions?

A
  1. Immediate recall (seconds) Intact Wernicke’s in Tempo/Parietal area in order to comprehend what you’ve asked. Arcuate fascicles to connect word comprehension (Wernicke’s) and production (Broca’s - frontal lobe)
  2. Delayed recall (2-3 minutes) Need hippocampus - converts immediate memory to long term and medial temporal lobe - to store memory
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14
Q

Parietal (Wernicke’s) =

A

Understand words

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15
Q

Motor strip in frontal (Broca’s) =

A

Make words

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16
Q

What lobes of the brain are involved in spelling WORLD backwards?

A
  1. Prefrontal - concentration
  2. Frontal dorsolateral - working memory
  3. Inferior parietal - spelling, language, syntax
  4. Temporal - storage of spelling
17
Q

What lobes are involved in completing serial 7s?

A
  1. Prefrontal - concentration, filter out distractions
  2. Frontal dorsolateral - working memory
  3. Left parietal - understand of numbers, math and calculation
  4. Temporal - storage of definition of numbers and how they relate
18
Q

What lobes are involved in naming objects?

A
  1. Left parietal - language, grammar

2. Left temporal - storage of learned names

19
Q

What lobes are involved in repetition?

A

Wernicke’s > Arcuate > Broca’s (immediate recall)

20
Q

What lobes are involved in following a three step command?

A
  1. Frontal - attention, planning
  2. Frontal/motor cortex - coordinates movement
  3. Temporal - recall the three commands and do them in sequence
  4. Left parietal - right to left orientation
  5. Basal ganglia - motor/fine motor coordination
21
Q

What lobes are involved in reading comprehension?

A
  1. Occipital - ability to read/see words
  2. Left parietal - word recognition, grammar
  3. Temporal - storage of previously learned words
22
Q

What lobes are involved in writing?

A
  1. Occipital - read/see what is written
  2. Frontal - attention, motor cortex to coordinate movement
  3. Left parietal - words, grammar, syntax
  4. Basal ganglia - fine motor coordination
23
Q

What lobes are involved in design copy?

A
  1. Frontal - attention, planning, motor coordination

2. Right parietal - construct, gestalt

24
Q

Damage of the right parietal area leads to:

A

Hemineglect

25
Q

When patients have graphical difficulties on clock drawing this involves:

A
  1. Frontal (planning, attention)

2. Basal ganglia (motor coordination)

PRITE Neurosciences (5 decks)

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