Cortex - Adult trauma 4 Flashcards
Appreciate the bones/areas of the foot
How do calcaneal fractures occur ?
From a fall from height onto the heel
How do talar fractures commonly occur ?
Usually due to forced dorsiflexion from rapid deceleration (RTA, aircraft crash)
What is a Midfoot (Lisfranc) fracture / diclocation?
Injury where a fracture of the base of the 2nd metatarsal is associated with dislocation of the base of the 2nd metatarsal +/-dislocation of the other metatarsals at the tarso‐metatarsal joints.
Describe the presentation/diagnosis of Midfoot (Lisfranc) fracture / diclocations
- Typically presents with a grossly swollen, bruised foot upon which they’re unable to weight bear.
- Beware it may seem normal on X-ray, CT scan may be required to diagnose
What is the treatment of Midfoot (Lisfranc) fracture / diclocation?
ORIF
Fractures to the 5th metatarsal are common how do they occur ?
An inversion injury with an avulsion fracture at the insertion of the peroneus brevis tendon.
What is the most common site for stress fractures in the foot ?
2nd metatarsal
What is the treatment of fractures to the 5th, 2nd and lesser metatarsals ?
Conservative - cast
What is the treatment of a fracture to the first metatarsal ?
This is an uncommon fracture and is usually fixed because its so important to foot function
What is the mainstay of treatment for toe fractures ?
- A stout boot.
- If intra-articular - ORIF
- Open fracture - debridement and may be stabilized with wires
What is the treatment of dislocations of the toes ?
Dislocations are treated with closed reduction and either neighbor strapping or wiring.
