Cortex Flashcards
Ventral Stream (inferior temporal gyrus + fusiform gyrus)
- Face and body recognition, including self
- Word recognition and orthographic processing (enables verbal fluency)
- Multi-sensory integration
Middle Temporal Gyrus
- Social cognition (Theory of Mind)
- Language (phonological processing)
- Action awareness (combines motor knowledge with semantic memory)
Pariental Lobe
Parietal lobe is a hub of primary and secondary sensory processing: touch, proprioception, dorsal stream
In general, the parietal lobe is doing multimodal processing – tying together these sensory experiences with episodic and semantic memories to enable:
recognize/use objects
comprehend language
project future outcomes
Superior Parietal Lobule
Sensorimotor integration to guide motor action
- visually guided movement
- spatial cognition
manipulation (not retrieval) of information in working memory
Angular Gyrus
Association cortex – connected to many other regions to enable integrative functions
episodic memory: provides the contextual aspects, enabling vivid recollection of the past and projection of future
semantic processing: binds together semantic aspects of a concept, to enable object recognition and use; also language comprehension
action-outcome monitoring: compares intended movement to the consequences of that movement and brings discrepancies to conscious awareness
Supramarginal Lobe
Tool use: participates in functional grasp planning
phonological processing for speech production and comprehension
short term memory: maintains serial order of information
sense of agency: registers self vs other as mover
Intraparietal Sulcus
Spatial working memory: manipulates information
spatial attention: reorients, also manages competing stimuli
math: cognitive representation of quantity
Precuneus
Role in autobiographical memory and visuospatial memory. Thought to be involved in linking internal and external sensory stimuli with remembered experience, in order to guide behavior.
Posterior Cingulate/ Retrosplenial
Spatial navigation: integrates representations of internal and external space (spacial navigation)
Episodic memory: encodes contextual and event-related information
Insula
Gustatory (taste) processing
disgust
interoception
- mental time-keeping, emotion, empathy, language, music perception, self-awareness
- addiction
Frontal Eye Fields
Planning and execution of voluntary eye movements involves frontal eye field in conjunction with frontal and posterior regions, basal ganglia and superior colliculus
Dorsal Lateral Prefrontal Cortex
Executive functioning
- cognitive control: response inhibition and selective attention
- strategic planning (eg tower of Hanoi)
- decision-making: assesses multiple info sources & maximizes reward
- working memory: organizes information
- social cognition: theory of mind
