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CORROSION MONITORING AND TESTING METHODS Flashcards

1
Q

A method used to detect cracking by detecting the sound of the cracking using transducers.

A

ACOUSTIC EMISSION TESTING

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2
Q

Samples of product are collected at a convenient location to determine the amine content. This information identifies the concentration of inhibitors present in the system since inhibitors are usually amine compounds.

A

AMINE RESIDUAL TEST

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3
Q

Liquid samples are injected into hermetically sealed vials of solutions which indicate the presence of bacteria after 7 to 10 days of exposure. Some tests are available which reduce the waiting time to 20 minutes.

A

Bacteria Test

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4
Q

A long, thin, rigid rod-like optical device, see inaccessible areas by transmitting image from one end to the other. works by forming an image of the viewing area with an objective lens.

A

Borescope

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5
Q

Gas samples are analyzed by measuring the heat and light energy given off during combustion to determine the components present.

A

Gas Chromatographic Analysis

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6
Q

Steel coupons are immersed in a corrosion inhibitor or an inhibited solution to develop a protective film, which would be formed under the conditions of the environment. The coupon is then immersed in an acidified copper sulfate solution to determine if the film is protective. The extent of copper plating onto the coupon indicates the efficiency/inefficiency of the inhibitor.

A

Copper Ion Displacement

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7
Q

A device that measures metal loss by detecting the change in electrical resistance of a small specimen resulting from loss of metal. (this should not be used in hydrogen sulfide environments since iron sulfide is conducive.)

A

Electrical Resistance Probe (ER)

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8
Q

a method used to measure various types of internal conditions/issues. they may be used to may be used to measure corrosion rates, scaling tendencies, bacterial content, etc.

A

Coupons

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9
Q

These are most used to measure weight loss of specimen exposed to a corrosive environment.

A

Corrosion Coupons

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10
Q

A liquid is a applied to the metal and allowed to soak. A developer is applied and visual inspection reveals bright colored flaws. This method reveals only surface cracks.

A

Dye Penetrant Test

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11
Q

An alternating current in a coil produces a corresponding magnetic field and opposing electric current. The _____ currents are then converted into voltage that is read on a meter or oscilloscope revealing crack or surface defects.

A

Eddy Current Test

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12
Q

An optical method in which a change in the character of a polarized light beam reflected from a surface is used to measure film thickness.

A

Ellipsometry

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13
Q

Inhibitor film life and characteristics can be evaluated using several tests such as the wheel test, copper ion displacement test, electrochemical tests, etc.

A

Film Persistency Test

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14
Q

A simple tabulation of failure vs. time can show improvement resulting from inhibitor treatment.

A

Failure analysis Records.

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15
Q

Samples of test chemicals and process waters are agitated by shaking bottles, blending, etc. and inspected for evidence of _________ and _________.

A

Foaming and Emulsion Test

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16
Q

Stimulates an electrochemical circuit which generates its own cathodic and anodic reactions proportional to the actual corrosion rate. This method can be used to detect oxygen and has some applications for bacteria monitoring.

A

Galvanic Probe

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17
Q

Measurement of the presence of hydrogen or the buildup of hydrogen as a result of the cathodic reaction.

A

Hydrogen Probe

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18
Q

Measures the change in _______ resistance which is based on mass. This probe is more sensitive in both aqueous and non-aqueous environments than standard ER or LPR methods.

A

Inductive Resistance Probe

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19
Q

A magnetized workpiece is exposed to iron particles, which indicate the presence of cracks.

A

Magnetic Particle Testing

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20
Q

A fixed volume of test water is passed through a membrane filter which is analyzed to ascertain information about contaminants, plugging, scaling, and corrosion tendencies. Only suspended solids are analyzed with this tool.

A

Milipore Filter Analysis

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21
Q

Measured amounts of inhibitor are mixed with system fluids and allowed to separate. Characteristics of the inhibition can be observed and evaluated by the resulting visual data.

A

Partition Test

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22
Q

A procedure for evaluating the effect of time on corrosion of a metal and its environment. This requires the use of a multiple coupon holder.

A

Planned Interval Test

23
Q

Measurement of the slope of the polarization curves to calculate corrosion rates. This method can be expanded to further analyze the curve characteristics to determine additional corrosion information.

A

Polarization Resistance Probe or

Linear Polarization Resistance (LPR)

24
Q

Utilizes the ability of x-rays or gamma rays emitted from radioactive materials to pass through solids and expose film. Shadows on the __________ film reveal defects. It is used to analyze cables, pipes, valves, welds, etc.

A

Radio-graphic Testing

25
Q

A narrow electron beam is deflected across a speciemn in a raster of parallel lines to produce a reflected image which can produce a magnification of 1000X to 500,000X.

A

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

26
Q

Measurements of corrosion based on the presence of soluble metal ions in the electrolyte. The most common ions monitored by this method are iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn).

A

Soluble metal ion counts

27
Q

Often referred to as iron counts

A

Soluble metal ion counts.

28
Q

____ ____ ____ are mixed with the adsorbed inhibitor film and exposed to photographic film to reveal a picture of the areas covered.

A

Tagged Radioactive Molecules

29
Q

Elements are detected by various complex processes by utilizing light spectrums. These methods include ultraviolet, infrared, atomic absorption, flame emission, and mass spectrometry.

A

Spectrographic Analysis

30
Q

specimens are placed under tensile stress in a corrosive environment while cracking progress is monitored

A

Stress Corrosion Test

31
Q

Utilizes the pulse-echo or the through transmission system to check for flaws in metal part. This test can be used for simple applications, such as material thickness measurements , or complex, as with the used of shear wave or phased array techniques.

A

Ultrasonic Test (UT)

32
Q

Oldest and most common method of NDT. It is used with all other NDT techniques. Examiners follow procedures ranging from simple to very complex, some of which involve comparison of workmanship samples with production parts.

A

Visual Examination (ET)

33
Q

A test which stimulates alternate immersion in two or more insoluble phases by rotating and oscillating bottles containing the fluids and metal specimen. Information such as film persistency, % inhibition, and comparisons of various inhibitors can be made.

A

Wheel Test

34
Q

commonly done in chemical industry. go to farthest part of system where chemical should be reaching. sample taken to lab, checked for percentage of chemical inhibitor in there. A titration test is used. can make a good assumption based on data.

A

Amine Residual Test

35
Q

Test tells you yes you have it or no you don’t have it. anaerobic or aerobic. two vials on red solution other clear with iron nail inside. red solution gets eaten by sample and produce acid turn yellow. in clear we are checking for sulfate reducing bacteria, it reacts with nail and produce black cloudy substance.

A

Bacteria Test

36
Q

Identifies what is in sample each thing has to be introduced to machine in isolation to be used as a parameter

A

Gas Chromatographic Analysis

37
Q

data logger gives actual measures, gives a corrosion rate, looking at the resistance change due to the amount of metal loss that occurs to the probe due to corrosion

A

Electrical Resistance Probe

38
Q

if gain weight you have scaling. can also do material testing. cheap method

A

coupons

39
Q

AC applied to material, device gives readings

A

Eddy current

40
Q

uses polarized light beam

A

ellipsometry

41
Q

records of past failures, looking over a period of time

A

failure analysis record

42
Q

how much film do i have

A

Film persistency test

43
Q

emulsion oil water mix. foaming typically happens with gas. (soap stick helps lift gas and condensate out of system.)

A

foaming and emulsion testing

44
Q

two probes with electrodes. one acts like anode other is cathode. activity withing them is increased (within the galvanic probes)

A

Galvanic Probe

45
Q

Detects hydrogen tells wether it is in the system or not.

A

Hydrogen Probe

46
Q

similar to Electric resistance probe but much more sensitive.

A

inductive resistance

47
Q

pressurized system used push through filter. see how fast fluid pushed through filter. solid in filter sent to lab and tested by submerging in water, acid, get iron counts, find bacteria.

A

Milipore filter analysis

48
Q

chemical inhibitors (oil or water based) like dissolves like. oil based product will dissolve oil based inhibitor. this test is used to see separation if your chemical is going to separate out of the material and adsorb.

A

Partition Testing

49
Q

Check coupons that have been in the system for differing amount of time. You change them at different time intervals

A

Planned interval testing

50
Q

Probe enters solution, corrosion occurs than polarization starts to happen. As polarization builds, it changes resistance of in the circuit. data logger gives results in mpy. Can be used anywhere in the system and is instantaneous.

A

Polarization resistance probe

Linear resistance probe

51
Q

looking at how many soluble ion counts in a solution, usually a percentage.. We take into account base iron concentration that’s there which comes from the formation. it is not an actual indication of corrosion. can do manganese counts as well

A

Soluble metal ion counts

Iron counts

52
Q

Using light spectrum to analyze what a material is.

A

Spectrographic analysis

53
Q

More of a flaw detector. can identify crack but not orientation.

A

Ultrasonic testing

54
Q

Lab made, bottle holder that tilts and turns the bottles. coupon is added or submerged. It is like a rule out test to exclude stuff.

A

wheel test

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