corroision I Flashcards
what is corrosion?
an electrochemical reaction, the breaking of ionic and atomic bonds and the formation of new ones.
what are the chemical properties of matter determined by?
the electrons around the nucleus of it’s atom, particularly the outer valence electrons
what do molecules consist of?
2 or more atoms
what do atoms consist of?
protons, neutrons, and electrons
T or F an atom is electrically neutral?
True! Because the electrical charges of the particles that compromise the atom balance each other
what is the core of the atom called?
Nucleus
what 2 particles does the nucleus consist of and what are their properties?
protons-carry a positive charge
neutrons- carry no charge
what is the net charge of a nucleus?
positive
what type of charge does an electron have?
negative, they orbit around the nucleus in layers, keeping the atom ballanced
what is the simplest atom?
Hydrogen
what determines the VALENCE of an atom?
the number of electrons in its outermost shell
when is an atom in its most stable state and least inclined to participate in a chemical reaction?
when the valence shell is completely filled with electrons
do molecules carry an electrical charge?
no
what is ionization?
the process by which an atom or molecule acquires a charge.
what is an ion?
Atoms or molecules that have either gained or lost one or more electrons.
because ions are inherently either negative or positive what happens when they flow?
an electrical current
what are chemical bonds?
links that join the atoms of matter together.
The forces that cause bonding between atoms is a result of the interactions between charged particles (positive protons and negative electrons)
what is covalent bonding?
when atoms form chemical bonds by sharing electrons
what is ionic or polar bonding?
when an ion that becomes more stable by losing electrons gives its electrons to an ion that becomes more stable by gaining electrons they become oppositely charged and there fore attracted to each-other and bonded. this is ionic bonding.
what are the charge carriers that constitute electrical curent flow?
ions and electrons
what is the mole?
a quantity, used in chemistry.
what will be found in all materials resulting from a chemical reaction?
all of the atoms that we started with before the reaction took place
can molecules be made up of different elements?
yes
what is a atomic mole?
the graham atomic weight for atoms, more specificly, 6.02X10 to the 23rd power of anything. example: atomic weight of sodium=23grams sodium=Na23 1 mole of sodium=23 grams
what is a mole of molecules?
the number of molecules in a gram molecule.
what is the mass number?
the total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus
are atoms electrically positive?
no they are neutral
what are 3 noble or inert gases?
helium, neon, and argon
what are qualities of noble gasses and why?
they are very stable because their valence’s are full, this makes them show little tendency to enter into chemical reactions. they are seldom found in compounds
what is the combining capacity?
the number of electrons an atom can gain, lose, or share in the forming of chemical bonds
what is electron transfer?
it refers to the donating and receiving of electrons since both processes occur simultaneously
what is a positive ion?
an atom that has given up an electron
what are elements whose atoms readily give up electrons called?
Metallic
what do most metals have in common atomically?
1 or 2 electrons in their outer most shell
are all bonds covalent?
yes, electrons are being shared
do purely ionic and purely covalent bonds exist in nature?
rarely
