CORRELATION COURSE (DAY 3) MIDTERM EXAMINATION Flashcards
1
Q
How does the resistivity of a material change if it has many highly mobile charge carriers?
A
Resistivity decreases.
2
Q
What happens to the resistivity of a mineral when it is molten?
A
Decreases
3
Q
Based on the IRR of RA 7942, one meridional block (also known as “block”) is bounded by ½ minute of longitude and ½ minute of longitude, containing approximately __________ .
A
810,000 square meters
4
Q
JORC stands for?
A
Joint Ore Reserve Code
5
Q
What is the unit of conductance?
A
Siemens
6
Q
If A boron mineral obtained from Playa deposits is called ______________.
A
Colemanite
7
Q
What is the reciprocal of resistivity?
A
Conductivity
8
Q
What is the unit of resistivity?
A
Ohm meters
9
Q
It refers to the percentage of void spaces relative to the total volume of a rock or earth material.
A
Porosity
10
Q
Ophiolites/Ophiolitic terranes in the Philippines are good exploration targets for what mineral commodity?
A
Chromite
11
Q
Which property allows the interchange of current and potential electrodes without affecting the results in geoelectrical surveys?
A
Reciprocity
12
Q
If a geologist doing reconnaissance exploration would like to analyze for 15 metallic elements, he will most likely use:
A
XRF
13
Q
In a gravity survey, correction due to topography is known as:
A
Bouguer
14
Q
It is a legacy mine which became infamous due to a massive tailings spill incident in March 24, 1996?
A
Marcopper Mining Corporation
15
Q
In resistivity surveying, what type of current is usually applied between two electrodes implanted in the ground?
A
Direct current
16
Q
Cobalt is now being mined and recovered locally from what mineral deposit?
A
laterite deposits
17
Q
What is the optimal mine capacity for a reserve of 8,000,000,000 kg of ore?
A
10.93 years
18
Q
Why is it advisable to use several complementary geophysical methods in an integrated exploration program?
A
To overcome the limitations and ambiguities of a single method
19
Q
What is the mass recovery if the concentration factor is 18,756 kg?
A
0.053 or 5.3%
20
Q
An RQD value of 52% corresponds to what rock quality category?
A
Fair
21
Q
The Philippine Mineral Reporting Code Committee is the 15th member of ___________.
A
Committee for Mineral Reserves International Reporting Standards (CRIRSCO)
22
Q
The following are the methods/principles to determine the volume or density of a rock sample, except:
A. Archimedes’ Principle
B. Water Displacement Method
C. Boyle’s Law
D. Pycnometer
A
C. Boyle’s Law
23
Q
What type of currents induce potentials in addition to those caused by the applied current?
A
Telluric currents
24
Q
How is the current measured in resistivity measurements?
A
With an ammeter
25
What is the concentration factor given the following data:
> In-situ copper ore grade: 25%
> Copper Concentrate: 45% Cu
> Recovery rate: 90%
2 Tons of in-situ copper ore is needed to produce 1 ton of Cu concentrate
26
Which array's potential gradient approaches the value at the midpoint as the distance between electrodes approaches zero?
Schlumberger
27
Which array consists of four electrodes in line, separated by equal intervals?
Wenner
28
What is the updated water quality guidelines and general effluent standards?
DAO-2021-19
29
“Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act of 1990”
RA 6969
30
The following geophysical methods measure/consider density, except;
a. Seismic
b. Gravity
c. Magnetic
d. None, all of the afore-cited choices consider density as a parameter
c. Magnetic
31
What increases as a body falls under the influence of gravitational force?
Speed
32
Which law of Newton's relates force and acceleration?
Second law
33
What is acceleration defined as?
The time rate of change of the speed of a body
34
What is a Gal defined as?
A centimeter per second squared
35
How accurate can an Absolute Gravimeter measure gravity down to?
1 part in 1 billion
36
It is the memorandum issued by MGB which states the guidelines and checklist for the preparation of EGGAR as per DAO No. 2000-28.
MC No. 2000-33
37
What type of variations are changes in the observed acceleration caused by the ellipsoidal shape and rotation of the earth?
Latitude variations
38
True or False: Adding a compositionally different component/volatile to an overlying rock unit will increase its melting temperature.
False
39
What causes changes in the observed acceleration that would be observed even if we didn't move our gravimeter?
Instrument drift
40
How much can gravimeters drift per day due to changes in spring properties or temperature changes?
0.1 mgal
41
NQ size drills can retrieve core samples that have a diameter of ________ mm.
47.6
42
The following are the factors that affect the economic viability of a mineral deposit, except;
A. lateral and vertical extent
B. social
C. environmental
D. metal/commodity price
E. None, all are factors that influence the economic viability of a mineral deposit
E. None, all are factors that influence the economic viability of a mineral deposit
43
What does the negative value in the variation of gravitational acceleration with elevation indicate?
Acceleration decreases with elevation
44
Assuming that you observed an E-W trending sequence of lithologic units that dip away from the center of the eroded/weathered structure, what type of structural landform is it?
Antiform
45
What is the IRR of RA 7942 (Philippine Mining Act of 1995)?
DAO 2010-21 (??)
46
If two blocks are subjected to both tension and shearing, what feature can be formed?
Negative Flower Structure
47
Calculate the core recovery of a 2-meter drill run which was able to retrieve core pieces having the following lengths: 260mm, 400mm, 50mm, 700mm, 100mm, 200mm, 30mm
87%
48
Groundwater contamination and/or saltwater intrusion can be detected through georesistivity surveys if the relative resistivity values are ______ than that of freshwater.
slightly lower
49
“THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES”
RA 7160
50
What is the difference in earth radii measured at the poles and at the equator?
22 km
51
What is the copper concentration of chalcopyrite?
34.5%
52
What force acts to reduce the gravitational acceleration at any point on the earth due to the earth's rotation?
Centrifugal force
53
Who first proposed the model for the earth's shape as elliptical in 1687?
Isaac Newton
54
What is the rate at which the earth rotates on its axis?
Once a day
55
Five centimeters in a 1:50,000 geologic map corresponds to how many meters on ground?
2500 meters
56
What is the time in Indonesia if it is 05:00 AM in Philippines? Given: Philippines is located at 122.5o E longitude and Indonesia is located at 113.9o E longitudE.
4:25.6 AM
57
What is a diagnostic feature of volcanogenic deposits formed in an island-arc setting?
Presence of felsic volcanic rocks
58
Which type of deposits are important sources of lead, zinc, and silver?
Sedimentary exhalative deposits
59
What is the concentration factor for gold to make a viable deposit?
2000 times
60
What metal has a typical background level of 0.1 ppm and a typical economic grade of 1000 ppm?
Silver
61
What is one of the factors that determine the economic viability of a mineral deposit?
The current prices of the commodities being mined
62
Assuming uniform density of samples, calculate the average copper concentration given the following data:
Assay result (% Cu) : 20%, 25%, 23%
Sample interval (m): 5m, 4 m and 2.5 m
22.39%
63
Where does most of the nickel mined in the world come from?
Magmatic deposits
64
What is the latest revised IRR of RA 7076 (People’s Smale-Scale Mining Act of 1991)?
DAO 2022-03
65
What makes VMS deposits 'massive-sulfide' deposits?
Presence of sulfide minerals at very high concentrations
66
Elements that are potentially exploitable and used as indicators of mineralization in exploration geochemistry.
Pathfinder elements
67
How are departures from the normal element abundance level typically viewed in exploration geochemistry?
As anomalous
68
What do positive departures from the normal range in element abundance levels indicate in exploration geochemistry?
Enrichments
69
Elements have an affinity for sulfur and are primarily concentrated in sulfides?
Siderophile
70
Determine the strike direction of a faulted lithologic unity having a dip of 15 degrees NE.
northwest
71
Off-set streams resulting from the movement of San Andreas Fault are the manifestation of what type of faulting?
dextral strike-slip faulting
72
How are elements classified based on their properties according to Goldschmidt?
By affinity for specific substances
73
What is the fate of small stars after the red giant phase when the helium in the core is exhausted?
They become white dwarfs
74
What is the surface temperature of the Sun, an average star?
5700 K
75
True or False: The Clarke of an element is equal to the cut-off grade of the element divided by its crustal abundance.
False
76
What process do stars on the main sequence primarily use to produce energy?
Fusion of hydrogen to produce helium
77
Calculate the RQD based on the following given.
> Length of retrieved cores: 90 mm, 20 mm, 120 mm, 150 mm, 70 mm, 100 mm, 98 mm, 160 mm
> mm, 120 mm, 150 mm, 70 mm, 100 mm, 98 mm, 160 mm
53%
78
True or False: WGS 1984 and WGS 1984 UTM Zone 53N can be used simultaneously for vector and raster layers and will not cause offset during overlay?
True
79
A liter of pure freshwater is equivalent to;
1 kilogram of pure freshwater
80
Gold nuggets can be readily retrieved through gravity concentration methods such as panning owing to gold’s specific gravity which is _______.
A. 5.5 g/cm3
B. 7 g/cm3
C. 19.3 g/cm3
D. 12.3 g/cm3
E. None from the choices
E. None from the choices
81
Given strike and true dip of S 50o W, 40o NW, find the apparent dip angle in vertical section trending N 70o W.
36 o
82
Who are the main scientists associated with the polygenetic hypothesis of nucleosynthesis?
Burbidge, Fowler, Hoyle, and Burbidge
83
One avoirdupois is equivalent to how many grams?
28.35 g
84
Two long tons is equivalent to how many kilograms?
2,032.04 kg
85
What is the ultimate fate of large stars that have reached a critical phase involving the balance between thermal expansion and gravitational collapse?
Supernova explosion
86
What is the principle difference between the r-process and s-process in nucleosynthesis?
Rate of neutron capture
87
Calculate the thickness of 0.8-meter, horizontally exposed sub-bituminous coal seam that dips at 75o SW.
2.99 m
88
What arrives at Earth slightly before the visible radiation from a supernova explosion?
Neutrinos
89
Calculate the average zinc concentration given the following data:
Assay result (% Zn): 2.1%, 8.4%, 10%
Sample interval (m): 2 m, 1 m, 3 m
Density (g/cm3): 2.6, 2.5, 2.8
7.2%
90
What initiates C burning in stars when their cores reach the Chandrasekhar limit?
Core collapse
91
Which type of X-ray beam is typically used as the incident beam in XRF spectrometers?
Rhodium (Rh)
92
It is the physical property of an earth material to pass/transmit radar energy to the subsurface
dielectric permittivity
93
How do XRF spectrometers detect the abundances of elements in a sample?
By analyzing the characteristic X-rays emitted by the sample
94
Technically, a 1:25,000-scale quadrangle geologic mapping means that observations of rock units and/or structures must be conducted every how many kilometers?
0.25 km
95
What is the recommended size for grinding the sample to a fine powder in X-ray diffraction analysis?
Around 10 μm
96
What is the purpose of adding a standard with known peak positions in X-ray diffraction analysis?
To correct peak positions
97
True or False: Gneiss will allow rapid passage of seismic waves compared to sandstone.
True
98
Which database provides files of d-spacings for inorganic compounds in X-ray diffraction analysis?
International Centre for Diffraction Data
99
What is the primary use of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD)?
Identifying phase of crystalline material
100
What does Bragg's Law relate to in X-ray diffraction?
Wavelength, diffraction angle, and lattice spacing
101
A nickel laterite bed has a strike length of 500 meters and an average thickness of 3 meters. What is the annual tonnage from this deposit assuming that its density is 2.9 g/cm3 and a production rate of 1 vertical meter per annum?
4,350 tons per annum
