CORRECTIVE ORTHODONTIC Flashcards
ORTHO :____
ODONT: ____
STRAIGHT
TEETH
Guidance and correction of dentofacial structure
ORTHODONTICS
Scope of Orthodontic treatment (3)
.Alteration in tooth position by moving teeth
Alteration in skeletal pattern by orthopedic changes
Alteration in soft tissue pattern
Recognition of presence of malocclusion
Corrective Orthodontics:
Employs procedures to reduce or eliminate the problem and its sequelae
Corrective Orthodontics
Corrective Orthodontics Uses _____, functional, surgical
mechanical
TYPES OF APPLIANCES USED IN ORTHODONTICS
- REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
- FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
Indications:
• Growth modifications in the mixed dentition
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
A
Indications
Limited tooth movements
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
A
Indications:
Retention after ortho treatment
• Interferes with or prevents development of abnormal orofacial habits
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
A
Advantages:
• small in size
• simple design
• Light in weight
• easy to clean
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
A
Advantages:
• low cost
• more esthetic
• no need for special equipment
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
A
Disadvantages:
• not effective with uncooperative patient
• used for minor cases of malocclusion
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
A
Disadvantages:
allows simple tooth movements (arch expansion; repositioning of individual teeth;tipping
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
A
No control over root movement
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
A
Needs patient cooperation
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
A
have attachments on the teeth that cannot be removed by the patient and forces are exerted on these attachments to move teeth
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B
Control of treatment mechanics are transferred to the clinician
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B
Advantages:
Movement of individual teeth in 3 planes can be achieved
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B
Advantages:
Movement is more precise
Patient cooperation is reduced
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B
Disadvantages:
- Problem on oral hygiene
- Esthetics
- More expensive than removable appliances
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B
Disadvantages:
Increased chair time
Special training needed
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B
Anchorage control is more difficult
A. REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B. FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE
B
COMPONENTS OF FIXED APPLIANCE “braces”
ACTIVE COMPONENT
PASSIVE COMPONENST
Archwires
A. ACTIVE COMPONENT
B. PASSIVE COMPONENST
A
Springs
A. ACTIVE COMPONENT
B. PASSIVE COMPONENST
A
Force ElastIcs
A. ACTIVE COMPONENT
B. PASSIVE COMPONENST
A
Lingual button
A. ACTIVE COMPONENT
B. PASSIVE COMPONENST
B
Brackets Buccal tubes
A. ACTIVE COMPONENT
B. PASSIVE COMPONENST
B
Bands
A. ACTIVE COMPONENT
B. PASSIVE COMPONENST
B
3 major properties of orthodontic wire materials:
STRENGTH
STIFFNESS
RANGE
measure of maximum possible load or greatest force a wire can sustain or deliver if loaded to its limit
STRENGTH
measure of force needed to bend or deform a wire to a definite distance; opposite of springiness
STIFFNESS
amount of elastic activation a wire can sustain before permanent deformation
RANGE
STAINLESS STEEL (1930’S)
18% chromium; 8% nickel
T/f
NICKEL-TITANIUM ALLOYS (1970’s)
• 1. superelastic
• 2. shape memory
• 3. thermoelastic
T
low stiffness, moderately high strength; high range, low formability
NICKEL-TITANIUM ALLOYS
Transition between 2 structures that are fully reversible at low temperatures
Ni Ti
two major NiTi phases
Austenitic NiTi (austenite)
Martensitic NiTi (martensite)
occurs at high temperatures and low stress
A. Austenitic NiTi (austenite)
B. Martensitic NiTi (martensite)
A
forms at at low temperatures and high stress
A. Austenitic NiTi (austenite)
B. Martensitic NiTi (martensite)
B
Shape memor: y
capability of NiTi wires to be plastically deformed in their ____ phase. If heated above a certain temperature range they will return to an austenite phase, recovering their initial form
martensite
Superelasticity
transformation from austenitic to martensitic phase that occurs by ____ application within a temperature rang
stress
According to Burstone; Criteria for wire selection: ___
stiffness
Types of Orthodontic Forces According
Duration of Application of a force :
- CONTINUOUS FORCE
• 2. INTERRUPTED
• 3. INTERMITTENT
fraction of the original force is maintained from one patient visit to another
CONTINUOUS FORCE
Force declines to zero between applications
INTERRUPTED FORCE
Force levels decline abruptly to zero when an appliance is removed or when a fixed appliance is deactivated and resumes when reinserted
Intermittent force
