Corrections 2 Flashcards
Which HTN medication can cause hypercalcaemia?
Thiazide diuretics (also cause hypocalciuria)
What K+ level should prompt cessation of ACEi in a patient with CKD?
> 6 mmol/L
Purpose of getting an echo in AF?
To rule out valvular heart disease
If the echo shows a valvular defect, then anticoagulation should be started even with a low CHA2DS2-VASc score, as valvular heart disease in combination with AF is an absolute indication for anticoagulation.
If a CHA2DS2-VASc score suggests no need for anticoagulation, what is the next step?
Get an echo to rule out valvular heart disease
What pulse can be found in mixed aortic valve disease?
Bisferiens pulse
This pulse is characterized by having two distinct systolic peaks separated by a mid-systolic dip.
Mx of those with risk factors for asystole in bradycardia?
Transvenous pacing
What type of haemorrhage can cause torsades de pointes?
SAH
What investigation is required in recurrent episodes of collapse and a normal resting ECG,?
24h holter monitor to rule out any abnormal arrhythmias
What is De Musset’s sign?
Head bobbing in time with pulse in aortic regurgitation
Mx of mitral stenosis patients who are asymptomatic?
Generally monitored (echo every 6-12m)
What should all patients with claudication be offered?
Structured exercise programme
This should be offered BEFORE considering angioplasy, surgical intervention or vasodilator therapy.
What is PAD strongly linked to?
Smoking –> give patients help to quit smoking
What medications should all patients with PAD be given?
1) Clopidogrel
2) Atorvastatin 80mh
In PAD, what mx strategy is indicated prior to other interventions?
Supervised exercise programme
Mx options for severe PAD or critical limb ischaemia?
1) Endovascular revascularisation
2) Surgical revascularisation
