Corrections Flashcards
What is amaurosis fugax?
A form of stroke that affects the retinal/ophthalmic artery.
Describe vision loss in amaurosis fugax
Painless black curtain coming down vertically into the field of vision in one eye.
This may be permanent or transient.
Cause of amaurosis fugax?
Hypoperfusion of the retinal artery due to an obstruction.
Does amaurosis fugax cause ipsilateral or contralateral vision loss?
Ipsilateral vision loss - as the retinal artery supplies the optic nerve directly behind the eye.
What is seen on an ECG in hypothermia?
- bradycardia
- J waves
- prolonged PR, QT and QRS intervals
- shivering artefacts
- VT, VF or asystole
1st line investigation of a phaeochromocytoma?
Plasma & urinary metanephrines
What investigation is indicated if a FRAX/QFracture score is ≥10%?
DEXA scan to measure bone mineral density
1st line mx of an acute ischaemic stroke if the BP is ≥185/110 mmHg?
IV labetalol –> treat HTN prior to thrombolysis!
Drug induced parkinsonism compared to parkinson’s disease?
- motor symptoms in drug induced are generally rapid onset and bilateral
- rigidity and rest tremor are uncommon in drug induced
What monitoring is required in patients taking methotrexate?
1) FBC (myelosuppression)
2) LFTs (hepatotoxicity)
3) U&Es
Mx of methotrexate toxicity?
Folinic acid
2 drug interactions of methotrexate?
1) Avoid prescribing trimethoprim or co-trimoxazole –> risk of bone marrow aplasia
2) Avoid high dose aspirin –> increases risk of methotrexate toxicity 2ary to reduced excretion
What DEXA scan result is diagnostic of osteoporosis?
T score <2.5
In hypothermia, what is the risk of rapid re-warming?
Can lead to peripheral vasodilation and shock
What score is used to identify patients at risk of pressure sores?
Waterlow score
what score is used to formally assess frailty status?
PRISMA-7 questionnaire
Are abx routinely used in mx of pressure ulcers?
no- only if signs of infection
