Corrections

Question 1

Mx of acute neuronitis?

Answer 1

Short course of oral prochlorperazine

Question 2

What exercises can be performed by the patient at home to treat BPPV?

Answer 2

Brandt-Daroff exercises

Question 3

1st line mx of patients with sudden-onset sensorineural hearing loss?

Answer 3

High dose oral steroids

Question 4

Are symptoms of presbycusis typically unilateral or bilateral?

Answer 4

Bilateral

Question 5

Are symptoms of otosclerosis typically unilateral or bilateral?

Answer 5

Bilateral

Question 6

What type of nystagmus is seen in BPPV?

Answer 6

Rotatory

Question 7

Why may there be unilateral facial numbness in a vestibular schwannoma?

Answer 7

Due to CN VII (facial nerve) involvement

Question 8

Why may there be an absent corneal reflex in a vestibular schwannoma?

Answer 8

Due to CN V involvement

Question 9

Is vestibular neuronitis worsened with head movements?

Answer 9

Yes

Question 10

The use of the head impulse test can distinguish between peripheral & central causes of vertigo.

What is the result with peripheral causes?

Answer 10

During head movement, the eyes also move but then make corrective saccades to re-establish fixation

Question 11

Referral in acute sensorineural hearing loss?

Answer 11

Urgent referral to ENT

Question 12

What condition is characterised by vertigo upon neck extension and often results in falls in elderly patients?

Answer 12

vertebrobasilar ischaemia

Question 13

What area of the brain are acoustic neuromas seen?

Answer 13

Cerebellopontine angle

Question 14

What does a positive head impulse test indicate?

Answer 14

Peripheral cause of vertigo

Question 15

What is seborrhoeic dermatitis?

Answer 15

A chronic dermatitis thought to be caused by an inflammatory reaction related to a proliferation of a fungus (Malassezia furfur)

Question 16

Features of seborrhoeic dermatitis?

Answer 16

1) eczematous lesions on the sebum-rich areas: scalp (may cause dandruff), periorbital, auricular and nasolabial folds

2) otitis externa and blepharitis may develop

Question 17

What are 2 conditions associated with seborrhoeic dermatitis?

Answer 17

1) HIV

2) Parkinson’s

Question 18

1st line mx of scalp disease seborrhoeic dermatitis?

Answer 18

Ketoconazole 2% shampoo

Question 19

What is indicated in otitis externa if the infection is spreading?

Answer 19

Oral abx (flucloxacillin)

Question 20

What are 2 complications of seborrhoeic dermatitis?

Answer 20

1) otitis externa
2) blepharitis

Question 21

what type of hearing loss can OM cause?

Answer 21

Conductive

Question 22

What is a branchial cyst?

Answer 22

Congenital abnormalities associated with the formation of a neck lump located in the anterior triangle.

Question 23

What do brachial cysts characteristically contain?

Answer 23

Cholesterol crystals

Question 24

What organisms typically cause otitis media? (3)

Answer 24

1) Strep. pneumoniae
2) H. influenzae
3) Moraxella catarrhalis

Question 25

What does unilateral glue ear in an adult need evaluation for?

Answer 25

A posterior nasal space tumour –> refer to ENT as a 2ww

Question 26

Abx mx of tonsillitis?

Answer 26

Phenoxymethylpenicillin for 7 days

Question 27

When should intranasal steroids only be considered for sinusitis?

Answer 27

If symptoms have persistent ≥10 days

Question 28

When should you refer a child with glue ear to ENT?

Answer 28

If they have persisting significant hearing loss on two separate occasions (usually 6-12 weeks apart)

Question 29

What is Ludwig’s angina?

Answer 29

A rare infection of the floor of the mouth and soft tissues of the neck –> medical emergency due to risk of airway compromise.