Corrections Flashcards
Mx of acute neuronitis?
Short course of oral prochlorperazine
What exercises can be performed by the patient at home to treat BPPV?
Brandt-Daroff exercises
1st line mx of patients with sudden-onset sensorineural hearing loss?
High dose oral steroids
Are symptoms of presbycusis typically unilateral or bilateral?
Bilateral
Are symptoms of otosclerosis typically unilateral or bilateral?
Bilateral
What type of nystagmus is seen in BPPV?
Rotatory
Why may there be unilateral facial numbness in a vestibular schwannoma?
Due to CN VII (facial nerve) involvement
Why may there be an absent corneal reflex in a vestibular schwannoma?
Due to CN V involvement
Is vestibular neuronitis worsened with head movements?
Yes
The use of the head impulse test can distinguish between peripheral & central causes of vertigo.
What is the result with peripheral causes?
During head movement, the eyes also move but then make corrective saccades to re-establish fixation
Referral in acute sensorineural hearing loss?
Urgent referral to ENT
What condition is characterised by vertigo upon neck extension and often results in falls in elderly patients?
vertebrobasilar ischaemia
What area of the brain are acoustic neuromas seen?
Cerebellopontine angle
What does a positive head impulse test indicate?
Peripheral cause of vertigo
What is seborrhoeic dermatitis?
A chronic dermatitis thought to be caused by an inflammatory reaction related to a proliferation of a fungus (Malassezia furfur)
Features of seborrhoeic dermatitis?
1) eczematous lesions on the sebum-rich areas: scalp (may cause dandruff), periorbital, auricular and nasolabial folds
2) otitis externa and blepharitis may develop
What are 2 conditions associated with seborrhoeic dermatitis?
1) HIV
2) Parkinson’s
1st line mx of scalp disease seborrhoeic dermatitis?
Ketoconazole 2% shampoo
What is indicated in otitis externa if the infection is spreading?
Oral abx (flucloxacillin)
What are 2 complications of seborrhoeic dermatitis?
1) otitis externa
2) blepharitis
what type of hearing loss can OM cause?
Conductive
What is a branchial cyst?
Congenital abnormalities associated with the formation of a neck lump located in the anterior triangle.
What do brachial cysts characteristically contain?
Cholesterol crystals
What organisms typically cause otitis media? (3)
1) Strep. pneumoniae
2) H. influenzae
3) Moraxella catarrhalis
What does unilateral glue ear in an adult need evaluation for?
A posterior nasal space tumour –> refer to ENT as a 2ww
Abx mx of tonsillitis?
Phenoxymethylpenicillin for 7 days
When should intranasal steroids only be considered for sinusitis?
If symptoms have persistent ≥10 days
When should you refer a child with glue ear to ENT?
If they have persisting significant hearing loss on two separate occasions (usually 6-12 weeks apart)
What is Ludwig’s angina?
A rare infection of the floor of the mouth and soft tissues of the neck –> medical emergency due to risk of airway compromise.
